scholarly journals Implementation of the Integrated Care of Older People (ICOPE) App in Primary Care: New Technologies in Geriatric Care during Quarantine of COVID-19 and Beyond

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-2
Author(s):  
D. Sanchez-Rodriguez ◽  
C. Annweiler ◽  
S. Gillain ◽  
B. Vellas
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Credible Interval ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
World Health ◽  
Global Priority ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Health Organization

The COVID-19 pandemic due to a novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) in December 2019 has rapidly spread worldwide. The mortality rate is about 2.3% in general population, with high human-to-human transmission of 0.41 (credible interval [0.27, 0.55]), and nasopharyngeal asymptomatic carriers act as vectors within the population (1). The World Health Organization (WHO) declared the pandemic on March 2020, and established objectives and action plan. First, WHO aimed at limiting the transmission of SARS-CoV-2, which required large isolation actions (country borders lockdown and individual quarantine). Second, WHO aimed at guiding and supporting the different health care systems across countries. Finally, developing therapeutic interventions appeared as a global priority as available evidence were still scarce (1). More than 860 clinical trials are ongoing worldwide.

scholarly journals Infection by the Novel Coronavirus (Covid-19) and Pregnancy: 2 Cases Reports at the University Teaching Hospital of Angre/Abidjan

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Adjoby Cassou Roland ◽  
◽  
Gbary-Lagaud Eleonore ◽  
Effoh Ndrin Denis ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Current Data ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
World Health ◽  
The Novel ◽  
The World ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Health Organization

The novel coronavirus (SARS-Cov-2) that appeared in December 2019 in China quickly spread to all countries around the world leading the World Health Organization (WHO) to declare a pandemic on 11 March 2020. This pandemic is particularly serious in that it severely undermines health care systems in all affected countries, including developing and resource-constrained countries, forcing them to adapt quickly. Current data on COVID-19 and pregnancy are limited. The first published Chinese data seem to show that the symptoms in pregnant women are substantially the same as those in the general population. Through the first 2 cases of COVID-19 observed during pregnancy at Angré University Hospital, the authors wanted to share their experience, under the conditions of a low-resources country.

scholarly journals Epidemic Analysis of COVID-19 in Egypt, Qatar and Saudi Arabia using the Generalized SEIR Model

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed E Fahmy ◽  
Mohammed M Eldesouky ◽  
Ahmed S.A. Mohamed
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Real Data ◽  
World Health ◽  
Seir Model ◽  
Total Death ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Death Cases

Background. Since its emergence in late December 2019 and its declaration as a global pandemic by World Health Organization (WHO) on March 11, 2020, the novel coronavirus disease known as (COVID-19) has attracted global attention. The process of modeling and predicting the pandemic behavior became crucial as the different states needed accurate predictions to be able to adopt suitable policies to minimize the pressure on their health care systems. Researchers have employed modified variants of classical SIR/SEIR models to describe the dynamics of this pandemic. In this paper, after proven effective in numerous countries, a modified variant of SEIR is implemented to predict the behavior of COVID-19 in Egypt and other countries in the Middle East. Methods. We built MATLAB simulations to fit the real data of COVID-19 Active, recovered and death Cases in Egypt, Qatar and Saudi Arabia to the modified SEIR model via Nelder-Mead algorithm to be able to estimate the future dynamics of the pandemic. Findings. We estimate several characteristics of COVID-19 future dynamics in Egypt, Qatar and Saudi Arabia. We also estimate that the pandemic will resolve in the countries under investigation in February 2021, January 2021 and 28th August 2020 with total death cases of 9,742, 5,600 and 185 and total cases of 187,600, 490,000 and 120,000 respectively.

scholarly journals Infection by the Novel Coronavirus (Covid-19) and Pregnancy: 2 Cases Reports at the University Teaching Hospital of Angre/Abidjan

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Adjoby Cassou Roland ◽  
◽  
Gbary-Lagaud Eleonore ◽  
Effoh Ndrin Denis ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Current Data ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
World Health ◽  
The Novel ◽  
The World ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Health Organization

The novel coronavirus (SARS-Cov-2) that appeared in December 2019 in China quickly spread to all countries around the world leading the World Health Organization (WHO) to declare a pandemic on 11 March 2020. This pandemic is particularly serious in that it severely undermines health care systems in all affected countries, including developing and resource-constrained countries, forcing them to adapt quickly. Current data on COVID-19 and pregnancy are limited. The first published Chinese data seem to show that the symptoms in pregnant women are substantially the same as those in the general population. Through the first 2 cases of COVID-19 observed during pregnancy at Angré University Hospital, the authors wanted to share their experience, under the conditions of a low-resources country

Accounting for the Rising Caesarean Section Rate in Canada: What Are the Roles of Changing Needs, Practices, and Incentives?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Baker ◽  
Maripier Isabelle ◽  
Mark Stabile ◽  
Sara Allin
Keyword(s):  
Caesarean Section ◽  
Financial Incentives ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Caesarean Section Rate ◽  
The United States ◽  
World Health ◽  
Strong Increase ◽  
Primary Determinant ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Health Organization

In most high-income countries, including Canada, the share of births by Caesarean section (C‑section) has risen over the past decades to far exceed World Health Organization recommendations of the proportion justified on medical grounds (15 percent). Although unnecessary C-sections represent an important cost for health care systems, they are not associated with clear benefits for the mother and the child and can sometimes represent additional risks. Drawing on administrative records of nearly four million births in Canada, as well as macro data from the United States and Australia, we provide a comprehensive account of rising C-section rates. We explicitly consider the contributions of the main factors brought forward in the policy literature, including changing characteristics of mothers, births, and physicians as well as changing financial incentives for C-section deliveries. These factors account for at most one-half of the increase in C-section rates. The majority of the remaining increase in C-sections over the period 1994–2011 occurred in the early 2000s. We suggest that some event or shock in the early 2000s is likely the primary determinant of the recent strong increase in the C-section rate in Canada.

scholarly journals Early Transmission Dynamics of Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) in Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (9) ◽  
pp. 3054 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oyelola A. Adegboye ◽  
Adeshina I. Adekunle ◽  
Ezra Gayawan
Keyword(s):  
Doubling Time ◽  
Reproduction Number ◽  
Infected Individual ◽  
Credible Interval ◽  
World Health ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Serial Interval ◽  
Imported Cases ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Health Organization

On 31 December 2019, the World Health Organization (WHO) was notified of a novel coronavirus disease in China that was later named COVID-19. On 11 March 2020, the outbreak of COVID-19 was declared a pandemic. The first instance of the virus in Nigeria was documented on 27 February 2020. This study provides a preliminary epidemiological analysis of the first 45 days of COVID-19 outbreak in Nigeria. We estimated the early transmissibility via time-varying reproduction number based on the Bayesian method that incorporates uncertainty in the distribution of serial interval (time interval between symptoms onset in an infected individual and the infector), and adjusted for disease importation. By 11 April 2020, 318 confirmed cases and 10 deaths from COVID-19 have occurred in Nigeria. At day 45, the exponential growth rate was 0.07 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.05–0.10) with a doubling time of 9.84 days (95% CI: 7.28–15.18). Separately for imported cases (travel-related) and local cases, the doubling time was 12.88 days and 2.86 days, respectively. Furthermore, we estimated the reproduction number for each day of the outbreak using a three-weekly window while adjusting for imported cases. The estimated reproduction number was 4.98 (95% CrI: 2.65–8.41) at day 22 (19 March 2020), peaking at 5.61 (95% credible interval (CrI): 3.83–7.88) at day 25 (22 March 2020). The median reproduction number over the study period was 2.71 and the latest value on 11 April 2020, was 1.42 (95% CrI: 1.26–1.58). These 45-day estimates suggested that cases of COVID-19 in Nigeria have been remarkably lower than expected and the preparedness to detect needs to be shifted to stop local transmission.

scholarly journals THE WAY THE HEALTH CARE SYSTEM IN UKRAINE LOOKS LIKE: INTERNATIONAL PRACTICES WITHIN NATIONAL REALITIES

2019 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
pp. 685-691
Author(s):  
Borys O. Lohvynenko ◽  
Roman V. Myroniuk ◽  
Olexander P. Svitlychnyy ◽  
Aleksey Y. Prokopenko ◽  
Lidija I. Kalenichenko
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care System ◽  
National Health ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
World Health ◽  
National Health Care ◽  
National Health Care System ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Care System

Introduction: Nowadays there is the transformation of the national health care system in Ukraine, the ultimate goal of which is to create a modern, competitive model of medical care of citizens on the basis of forming packages of free medical services. However, the model adopted by Ukraine is in contradiction with national legislation in part of free medical aid guaranteed by the Art. 49 of the Constitution of Ukraine, and fragmentary considers positive international practices. The aim of the paper is to determine the mistakes of the reform of the Ukrainian health care system and to reveal the positive international practices of the organization of health care systems that can be implemented in Ukraine. Materials and methods: National and international legislation, official web resources of the executive authorities of Ukraine, statistics of the World Health Organization, materials of journalistic and scientific periodicals are the materials for the research of the health care system in Ukraine in comparison with international practices. Research methods are cross-sectoral, complex statistical, comparative, generalization, analysis and synthesis. In order to obtain the results, the authors have conducted a critical analysis of the current norms of the national Ukrainian legislation in the health care sector. Review: The authors of the article have studied the main disadvantages of the national health care system in accordance with the concept of reforming the medical sector. Positive international practices that can be implemented into Ukrainian system for the real improvement of medical human rights in Ukraine have been revealed. Conclusions: It has been proved that the ongoing reform of the health care system in Ukraine needs to be reviewed and optimized. It has been offered to consolidate a perspective model of the Ukrainian health care system, its principles and guarantees of immunity at the legislative level.

scholarly journals Unfavorable Mortality-To-Incidence Ratio of Lung Cancer Is Associated with Health Care Disparity

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. 2889 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng-Yu Huang ◽  
Kwong-Kwok Au ◽  
Sung-Lang Chen ◽  
Shao-Chuan Wang ◽  
Chi-Yu Liao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Health Care Expenditures ◽  
Good Health ◽  
World Health ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Adequate Quality ◽  
Health Organization

The mortality-to-incidence ratio (MIR) is associated with the clinical outcome of cancer treatment. For several cancers, countries with relatively good health care systems have favorable MIRs. However, the association between lung cancer MIR and health care expenditures or rankings has not been evaluated. We used linear regression to analyze the correlation between lung cancer MIRs and the total expenditures on health/gross domestic product (e/GDP) and the World Health Organization (WHO) rankings. We included 57 countries, for which data of adequate quality were available, and we found high rates of incidence and mortality but low MIRs in more developed regions. Among the continents, North America had the highest rates of incidence and mortality, whereas the highest MIRs were in Africa, Asia, Latin America, and the Caribbean. Globally, favorable MIRs correlated with high e/GDP and good WHO ranking (regression coefficient, −0.014 and 0.001; p = 0.004, and p = 0.014, respectively). In conclusion, the MIR for lung cancer in different countries varies with the expenditure on health care and health system rankings.

Oral Health Care Systems: An International Collaborative Study Coordinated by the World Health Organization

1987 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 125
Author(s):  
Max H. Schoen ◽  
Harald A. Arnljot ◽  
David E. Barmes ◽  
Lois K. Cohen ◽  
Peter B. V. Hunter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Collaborative Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
The World ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
International Collaborative Study

The WHO European Program of Health Legislation and the Health for All Policy

1986 ◽  
Vol 12 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 441-460
Author(s):  
Geneviève Pinet
Keyword(s):  
Health Policy ◽  
National Health ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
International Health ◽  
World Health ◽  
Regional Office ◽  
Country Level ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Health Legislation

AbstractThe purpose of this paper is to provide a comprehensive review of the work of the World Health Organization (WHO), begun a decade ago in Europe, in the field of health legislation. This program is the result of the interaction between two important factors: the trends in national health policy and legislation at the country level, and the implementation of the Health for All policy, which has been collectively adopted by the European Member States in various WHO fora.Health legislation has proved to be a valuable tool in supporting National Health Policies in European countries and a key element in international health activities. The paper will be presented in three main parts. The first examines the legislative implications of the Health for All policy and strategy. The second gives an overview of developments in health legislation in Europe, focusing on national achievements in three areas in which change is necessary to achieve Health for All: health care systems, the environment, and lifestyles. The third part gives an account of activities carried out by the Regional Office for Europe of WHO in the health legislation field, recalls the organization of the first WHO medium-term program in this field, and summarizes its four current subprograms on health policy, health situation, exchange of information, and training. The conclusion briefly outlines the prospects for further developments in Europe.

scholarly journals Role of mhealth in the management of Tuberculosis: A new approach to improve adherence

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 5560-5568
Author(s):  
Rajavardhana T ◽  
Rajanandh M G ◽  
Geethavani M ◽  
Sreedhar V
Keyword(s):  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Treatment Compliance ◽  
World Health ◽  
Single Individual ◽  
Success Rates ◽  
Tb Treatment ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
New Ideas ◽  
Health Accounts ◽  
Health Organization

Compliance with Tuberculosis (TB) treatment is essential in enhancing singly and public health as well. may come out with suffering, disease worsening, and mortality and also leads to increased economic burden to the patients. Through this article, we want to explore new ideas to strengthen medication adherence with the assistance of approaches to monitor and enhance TB patient's medication-taking behavior. have more success rates in particular parts, whereas its limitations in improving the adherence can be understood in the world health organization End Tuberculosis plan of action. To provide disease and treatment-related education to the patients, apps should be of educational worth to patients by delivering classified information, which is easily accessible to the patients and caregivers. Hurdles to TB treatment compliance are noteworthy and multiple. Mobile health accounts for an arising field with significant promises to locate barriers, thus enhancing every single individual and community health and health care systems planning.

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