scholarly journals Three species of Colletotrichum are associated with anthracnose of pomegranate in Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. e3126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janaíne Rossane Araújo Silva-Cabral ◽  
Lourdes Regina Lopes Batista ◽  
Jaqueline Figueredo de Oliveira Costa ◽  
Edna Peixoto da Rocha Amorim ◽  
Gaus Silvestre de Andrade Lima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Phylogenetic Trees ◽  
Anthracnose Disease ◽  
The World ◽  
Total Dna ◽  
Pomegranate Fruit ◽  
Important Disease ◽  
Production Losses

Pomegranate is a fruit rich in vitamins and secondary metabolites used in traditional medicine and industry. However, production losses have been associated the anthracnose, disease caused by Colletotrichum species. This is an important disease of the pomegranate, as it affects the yield and the quality of the fruits. The present study aimed to investigate which species of Colletotrichum are associated with anthracnose disease in pomegranate in the Northeast region of Brazil, using multi-locus phylogenetic analysis and morpho-cultural characteristics. The total DNA extracted was amplified with GAPDH, TUB2, CAL, ACT genes and the ITS-rDNA region. The sequences obtained were used for the construction of phylogenetic trees of Bayesian inference. The mycelial growth rate, size and shape of the conidia and appressories were evaluated for the morpho-cultural characterization of the species. Six isolates were analysis and three species belonging to the C. gloeosporioides complex were identified in this study. This is the first report of C. theobromicola (2) in pomegranate fruit in Brazil and C. siamense (2) and C. fructicola (2) in the world.

scholarly journals Characterization of Streptomyces scabies isolates from potato tubers its pathogenic variations in Rawalpindi District

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
S. Shazia ◽  
F. Naz ◽  
A. Rauf ◽  
M. Inam-ul-Haq ◽  
S. Bushra
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Streptomyces Scabies ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Pathogenic Variation ◽  
Important Disease

Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) has various biotic constraints in its production due to pest attack. Among these, common scab caused by streptomyces scabies is an important disease in potato which causes economic loss with respect to plant yield and quality of tubers. The present study was conducted to determine the pathogenicity, pathogenic variation, characterization of morphological, physiological and biochemical aspects of Streptomyces associated with potato tubers grown in Rawalpindi district. Severity data and pathogenic variation of disease was studied by using different isolation and characterization techniques.

scholarly journals Characterization of a profilin-like protein from Fasciola hepatica

PeerJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. e10503
Author(s):  
Jessica Wilkie ◽  
Timothy C. Cameron ◽  
Travis Beddoe
Keyword(s):  
Fasciola Hepatica ◽  
Recombinant Expression ◽  
Tegument Proteins ◽  
Novel Treatments ◽  
The World ◽  
Eukaryotic Organisms ◽  
Novel Drug ◽  
First Time ◽  
Important Disease

Fasciola hepatica is the causative agent of fasciolosis, an important disease of humans and livestock around the world. There is an urgent requirement for novel treatments for F. hepatica due to increasing reports of drug resistance appearing around the world. The outer body covering of F. hepatica is referred to as the tegument membrane which is of crucial importance for the modulation of the host response and parasite survival; therefore, tegument proteins may represent novel drug or vaccine targets. Previous studies have identified a profilin-like protein in the tegument of F. hepatica. Profilin is a regulatory component of the actin cytoskeleton in all eukaryotic cells, and in some protozoan parasites, profilin has been shown to drive a potent IL-12 response. This study characterized the identified profilin form F. hepatica (termed FhProfilin) for the first time. Recombinant expression of FhProfilin resulted in a protein approximately 14 kDa in size which was determined to be dimeric like other profilins isolated from a range of eukaryotic organisms. FhProfilin was shown to bind poly-L-proline (pLp) and sequester actin monomers which is characteristic of the profilin family; however, there was no binding of FhProfilin to phosphatidylinositol lipids. Despite FhProfilin being a component of the tegument, it was shown not to generate an immune response in experimentally infected sheep or cattle.

scholarly journals NIRS Characterization of Paper Pulps to Predict Kappa Number

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Moral ◽  
Elena Cabeza ◽  
Roberto Aguado ◽  
Antonio Tijero
Keyword(s):  
Near Infrared ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Kappa Number ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The World ◽  
Pulp Properties ◽  
Special Relevance

Rice is one of the most abundant food crops in the world and its straw stands as an important source of fibres both from an economic and an environmental point of view. Pulp characterization is of special relevance in works involving alternative raw materials, since pulp properties are closely linked to the quality of the final product. One of the analytical techniques that can be used in pulp characterization is near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). The use of NIRS has economic and technical advantages over conventional techniques. This paper aims to discuss the convenience of using NIRS to predict Kappa number in rice straw pulps produced under different conditions. We found that the resulting Kappa number can be acceptably estimated by NIRS, as the errors obtained with that method are similar to those found for other techniques.

scholarly journals EXPRESSION ANALYSIS OF THE COFFE (Coffea arabica L.) FRIGIDA4-like GENE (CaFRL4)

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (Especial) ◽  
pp. 204-213
Author(s):  
Matheus Martins Daude ◽  
André Almeida Lima ◽  
Antonio Chalfun Junior ◽  
Horllys Gomes Barreto
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Functional Characterization ◽  
Foreign Market ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Coffea Arabica L ◽  
Production Losses ◽  
Flowering Process

ABSTRACT Coffee is one of the most economically important commodities. In Brazil, this crop is responsible for generating more than eight million jobs. In the foreign market, Brazil is the largest producer and exporter of coffee. Due to its economic importance, several studies aiming the improvement of coffee are conducted, but there are still problems related to its productivity and quality of the beverage, such as sequential flowering, which causes production losses and a low quality drink. Thus, understanding the molecular mechanisms involved in the flowering process is essential to elucidate how flowering occurs in the coffee crop. The FRI gene is one of the main genes involved in flowering, as it positively regulates the FLC gene at expression levels that inhibit flowering. Thus, the objective of this work was to identify and analyze the expression of the FRIGIDA4-like gene (FRL4) through Bioinformatics and real-time PCR (RT-qPCR). The CaFRL4 gene was identified and showed high expression levels in leaf during flowering, which corroborates with the literature. The results obtained provide the basis for future studies involving genetic transformation in model plants and coffee, permitting the functional characterization of this gene.

scholarly journals Electron and photon diagnostics for plasma acceleration-based FELs

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie Labat ◽  
Moussa El Ajjouri ◽  
Nicolas Hubert ◽  
Thomas Andre ◽  
Alexandre Loulergue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Free Electron ◽  
Critical Issue ◽  
Free Electron Lasers ◽  
Plasma Acceleration ◽  
Radiation Delivery ◽  
The World ◽  
Transport Line ◽  
Electron And Photon

It is now well established that laser plasma acceleration (LPA) is an innovative and good candidate in the beam acceleration field. Relativistic beams are indeed produced up to several GeV but their quality remains to be demonstrated in the highly demanding case of free-electron lasers (FELs). Several experiments have already shown the feasibility of synchrotron radiation delivery based on LPA but free-electron lasing has still to be achieved. Since the quality of the LPA beam inside the undulator is the critical issue, any LPA-based FEL experiment requires a refined characterization of the beam properties along the transport line and of the photon beam at the undulator exit. This characterization relies on diagnostics which must be adapted to the LPA specificities. Here, the electron and photon diagnostics already used on LPAs and required for LPA-based FELs are reviewed, and the critical points are illustrated using recent experiments performed around the world.

scholarly journals A Comparison of Performance for Different SARS-Cov-2 Sequencing Protocols

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juanjo Bermudez
Keyword(s):  
Genome Sequencing ◽  
Phylogenetic Trees ◽  
The World ◽  
Comprehensive Comparison ◽  
High Level

SARS-Cov-2 genome sequencing has been identified as a fundamental tool for fighting the COVID-19 pandemic. It is used, for example, for identifying new variants of the virus and for elaborating phylogenetic trees that help to trace the spread of the virus. In the present study we provide a comprehensive comparison between the quality of the assemblies obtained from different sequencing protocols. We demonstrate how some protocols actively promoted by different high-level administrations are inefficient and how less-used alternative protocols show a significant increased performance. This increase of performance could lead to cheaper sequencing protocols and therefore to a more convenient escalation of the sequencing efforts around the world.

scholarly journals Characterization of Discounting Words as Powerful Factors in Determining the Quality of Cooperation Within a Working Team

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (1-2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Beti Andonovic ◽  
Stanislav Petkovski
Keyword(s):  
Verbal Aggression ◽  
Team Communication ◽  
High Interest ◽  
The World ◽  
The One

Abstract: Optimal team communication and long-term cooperation depend on several various categories of factors. One of the factors that may point to efficiency decline within the cooperation is the presence of abusive words (labelling) which are named as discounting words by authors. They represent verbal aggression and are type of condensed metaphors that reflect people’s view of the world around them. Since any communication units that disrupt the good teamwork are of a high interest to any quality manager, there is characterization of the discounting words given. There is a certain correlation between the one who gives the discounting words and the one who receives them. There is also a chart of some of the discounting words given and conclusions included.

scholarly journals CHARACTERIZATION OF WASTEWATER OF CATTLE SLAUGHTERHOUSE FOR ITS REUSE

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (26) ◽  
pp. 59-68
Author(s):  
Isabel Cristina Lopes DIAS ◽  
Gilvanda NUNES ◽  
Antonio Carlos Leal de CASTRO
Keyword(s):  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
State Inspection ◽  
Effluent Treatment ◽  
Inspection System ◽  
State Laws ◽  
The World ◽  
State Capital ◽  
Final Effluent

Brazil has the largest commercial cattle herd in the world, consequently, the generation of wastewaters in this country has enormously grown, and the absence of treatment of these residues directly affects water bodies and soil near slaughterhouses. Given the possibility of reusing wastewaters, this study aimed to examine the quality of wastewaters generated during the slaughter of cattle, in São Luís, State Capital of Maranhão, Brazil, evaluating the compliance of the current legislation regarding the discharge of wastewater and the possibility of reusing it. Thus, we carried out four bimonthly sample collections from the final effluent, obtained at the outlet of the last pond of the effluent treatment station of one of the slaughterhouses of São Luís, to evaluate its physicochemical and microbiological quality. The effluent evaluation showed that it did not meet the standards required by the current federal legislation; therefore, it is not recommended to be reused. Some improvement alternatives were suggested, which may be adopted by other local abattoirs. This study represented a contribution to the slaughterhouse sectors, aiming the strengthening of the state inspection system and expansion of discussions related to the absence of public policies, especially regarding state laws relevant to this agribusiness sector

scholarly journals Exploratory study of limnological parameters during the cycle of tambaqui fingerlings

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Fabiano Moreira Figueiredo ◽  
Satia Costa Bomfim ◽  
Renato Abreu Lima ◽  
Wesley Paulo Pontes ◽  
Rute Bianchini Pontuschka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Fish Farming ◽  
Protein Food ◽  
The World ◽  
Del Rio ◽  
Limnological Parameters

As the world population's exponential growth in food security is put at risk, fish farming is one of the economic and effective alternatives in the production of noble and high protein food. For the success the monitoring of the quality of the water during the cycle is fundamental. The present study aimed at the characterization of the limnological parameters in tambaqui nursery (Colosoma macropomum). The study was carried out in the fish farm of Valle del Rio Machado in Presidente Médici - RO, from August/2015 through Junhe/2016, at 08 collection points: water supply and nurseries. The results showed that the parameters such as pH (6.1 to 8.8), ammonia (0.0 to 1.5 mg.L-1), nitrite (0.0 to 0.2 mg.L-1) , turbidity (4.1 to 62.0), were in accordance with what was established by Resolution CONAMA  357/2005; the temperature (28.2 to 38.2 °C), transparency (18 to 70 cm), and alkalinity (10 to 141 mg.L-1) were within the recommended range for fish farming in the specialized literature; dissolved oxygen ranged from 0.8 to 5.2 mg.L-1, but most of the sampled points were below 5 mg.L-1, the electrical conductivity ranging from 51.9 to 178.2 μS.cm-1 above that established by Resolution 357/2005/CONAMA. According to the results, the nurseries with cascade supply, receiving the same management are directly affected and there is thus the need for reformulation of the system in fish farming, so that it remains with individual supply and drainage.

scholarly journals First report of Rhizoctonia solani Kühn AG 2-2 LP in Zoyzia japonica Steud in Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 289-298
Author(s):  
Maria Aurea Saboya Chiaradia Picarelli ◽  
Flavia Rodrigues Alves Patricio ◽  
Ricardo Harakava ◽  
Eliana Borges Rivas ◽  
Addolorata Colariccio
Keyword(s):  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Its Region ◽  
Anastomosis Group ◽  
Large Patch ◽  
First Report ◽  
Rdna Its ◽  
Rdna Its Region ◽  
Important Disease

ABSTRACT The use of cultivated grasses in Brazil has grown by 40% between 2010 and 2015, and the species Zoysia japonica Steud, especially the cultivar ‘Esmeralda’, corresponds to 81% of the grass market in the country. The most important disease affecting zoysia grass, known as large patch, is caused by Rhizoctonia solani and occurs in the Brazilian lawns particularly during winter months. The aim of this study was to contribute to the identification and characterization of the anastomosis group of R. solani isolates from lesions typical of large patch collected from ‘Esmeralda’ grass at gardens and golf courses in the states of São Paulo and Bahia, Brazil. All 12 obtained isolates presented dark-brown colonies with aerial mycelial growth, multinucleated hyphae and absence of concentric zonation or sclerotia, and showed their greatest mycelial growth rate at 25°C. In pathogenicity experiments, except three out of R. solani isolates, reduced the growth of zoysia grass. Based on the analysis of sequences of the rDNA-ITS region, the isolates clustered with reference isolates of the anastomosis group AG 2-2 LP. Phylogenetic inference showed that the Brazilian isolates are grouped into two clades that shared the same common ancestral with 96% bootstrap. One of the clades includes only Brazilian isolates while the other one also includes American and Japanese R. solani isolates AG 2-2 LP. This is the first report and characterization of R. solani AG 2-2 LP in zoysiagrass in Brazil.

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