scholarly journals Characterization of a profilin-like protein from Fasciola hepatica

PeerJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. e10503
Author(s):  
Jessica Wilkie ◽  
Timothy C. Cameron ◽  
Travis Beddoe
Keyword(s):  
Fasciola Hepatica ◽  
Recombinant Expression ◽  
Tegument Proteins ◽  
Novel Treatments ◽  
The World ◽  
Eukaryotic Organisms ◽  
Novel Drug ◽  
First Time ◽  
Important Disease

Fasciola hepatica is the causative agent of fasciolosis, an important disease of humans and livestock around the world. There is an urgent requirement for novel treatments for F. hepatica due to increasing reports of drug resistance appearing around the world. The outer body covering of F. hepatica is referred to as the tegument membrane which is of crucial importance for the modulation of the host response and parasite survival; therefore, tegument proteins may represent novel drug or vaccine targets. Previous studies have identified a profilin-like protein in the tegument of F. hepatica. Profilin is a regulatory component of the actin cytoskeleton in all eukaryotic cells, and in some protozoan parasites, profilin has been shown to drive a potent IL-12 response. This study characterized the identified profilin form F. hepatica (termed FhProfilin) for the first time. Recombinant expression of FhProfilin resulted in a protein approximately 14 kDa in size which was determined to be dimeric like other profilins isolated from a range of eukaryotic organisms. FhProfilin was shown to bind poly-L-proline (pLp) and sequester actin monomers which is characteristic of the profilin family; however, there was no binding of FhProfilin to phosphatidylinositol lipids. Despite FhProfilin being a component of the tegument, it was shown not to generate an immune response in experimentally infected sheep or cattle.

scholarly journals The crisis of content verbality in Internet discourse

2021 ◽  
pp. 224-228
Author(s):  
Марина Михайловна Молчанова ◽  
Патимат Абдулаевна Лекова
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Computer Technology ◽  
Linguistic Competence ◽  
The Internet ◽  
The World ◽  
Younger Generation ◽  
Media Texts ◽  
Active Visualization ◽  
First Time

Исследуется кризис вербальности контента в интернет-дискурсе, его активная визуализация, связанная с новыми открытиями в области компьютерных технологий. Цель работы - дать полиаспектную характеристику этому явлению и обозначить перспективы его влияния на речемыслительную деятельность подрастающего поколения, составляющего большую часть пользователей социальных сетей. Актуальность данной проблематики обусловлена обеспокоенностью филологической общественностью тем, что мир становится все менее лингвистическим. Новизна заключается в том, что впервые интернет-дискурс рассматривается в контексте кризиса вербальности контента. При таких темпах визуализации медиатекстов вполне вероятно обострение кризиса вербальности, последствия которого могут негативно сказаться на мыслетворческой деятельности у подрастающего поколения, которая возможна только при высокой языковой компетенции. The paper examines the crisis of content verbality in the Internet discourse, its active visualization associated with new discoveries in the field of computer technology. The aim of the work is to give a multi-aspect characterization of this phenomenon and outline the prospects of its influence on the speech-thinking activity of the younger generation, which makes up the majority of users of social networks. The relevance of this issue is due to the concern of the philological community that the world is becoming less and less linguistic. The novelty lies in the fact that for the first time Internet discourse is considered in the context of the crisis of content verbality. At such a rate of visualization of media texts, it is likely that the crisis of verbality will aggravate, the consequences of which can negatively affect the thinking activity of the younger generation, which is possible only with high linguistic competence.

Eggshell MembraneBased Turmeric Extract Loaded Orally Disintegrating Films

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Merve Deniz Köse ◽  
Nazlı Ungun ◽  
Oguz Bayraktar
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Eggshell Membrane ◽  
Casting Method ◽  
Drug Candidates ◽  
Turmeric Extract ◽  
Novel Drug ◽  
First Time ◽  
Low Solubility

Background: The increasing interest in using natural bioactive compounds as new drug candidates and their low solubility led to designing and developing novel drug delivery systems. Out of those, orally disintegrating films (ODFs) are a very eminent drug delivery system among pediatrics and geriatrics. Objective: In our study, the solvent casting method was used to prepare eggshell membrane-based and turmeric extract loaded orally disintegrating films. Method: Characterization of the prepared films was done with FTIR, AFM, and SEM analysis. The release profile of the turmeric extract was determined and fitted to the mathematical models. Results: AFM results showed that the best interaction between components was achieved in Film-2. The highest cumulative release percentage was obtained for the film with 7.5 % (w/w) turmeric extract (Film-2) as 41.98% based on the HPLC measurements. The Higuchi model was the best-fitted model for Film-2. Conclusion: In this study, SEP and CMCH were used for the first time as biopolymers to prepare the orally disintegrating film. Turmeric extract was successfully integrated into films prepared from SEP and CMCH.

First molecular detection and characterization of Sarcocystis infection in naturally infected buffaloes, Brazil

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luiza Pires Portella ◽  
Fagner D'ambroso Fernandes ◽  
Camila Encarnação Minuzzi ◽  
Juliana Felipetto Cargnelutti ◽  
Luis Fernando Vilani de Pelegrini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microscopic Examination ◽  
Genomic Dna ◽  
Molecular Detection ◽  
Natural Infection ◽  
Sarcocystis Species ◽  
Sarcocystis Spp ◽  
The World ◽  
First Time ◽  
Pathogenic Effects

Sarcocystosis is a disease caused by varying Sarcocystis species infecting humans and animals. It is commonly found in ruminants causing pathogenic effects. Although the distribution of Sarcocystis can be found all over the world, the species infecting buffaloes in Brazil is still unknown. Through this study, we aim to estimate the molecular prevalence of natural infection with Sarcocystis spp. in buffaloes using molecular identification. In addition, phylogenetic analyzes were used for the first time to identify the different species of this protozoan infecting buffalo in the south of the country. Heart samples from 80 buffaloes were subjected to microscopic examination, followed by molecular analysis. Microcysts were present in 19/80 (23,75%) of the samples. Genomic DNA was extracted from the 19 isolates, all there were amplified DNA in the primer used in the study. Six readable sequences were obtained after sequencing of the samples in both the directions. In the present study all the sequenced samples indicated were of Sarcocystis levinei.

scholarly journals Molecular Characterization of Fasciola spp. from a Donkey (Equus asinus) Using Partial Sequencing of cox1 and nad1

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad ASADPOUR ◽  
Hassan SHARIFIYAZDI ◽  
Mohammad MOAZENI ◽  
Seyed Hossein MALEKPOUR
Keyword(s):  
Fasciola Hepatica ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Equus Asinus ◽  
The World ◽  
Mitochondrial Sequences ◽  
Southwestern Iran ◽  
Fasciola Spp ◽  
Important Parasite

Background: Fasciola hepatica as an important parasite affects health of humans and animals in some tropical and subtropical areas of the world, including Iran. Little is known about the molecular diversity of Fasciola in Equidae. Therefore, this study aimed to characterize the genetic polymorphisms among parasites. Methods: Eight adult Fasciola spp. isolates were collected from a working donkey after necropsy in Shiraz, southwestern Iran, in 2018. Primarily, various parameters were measured morphologically. Subsequently, DNA was extracted from each fluke and molecular markers of cytochrome C oxidase (cox1) and NADH dehydrogenase 1(nad1) from individual Fasciola isolates were amplified using PCR assay and sequence data were employed for molecular and phylogenetic analysis. Genetic diversity between isolates was evaluated by comparing the sequences of these two mitochondrial regions. Results: Based on the morphological and analyzed mitochondrial sequences, all of eight donkey isolates (100%) were identified as F. hepatica. Moreover, nine and five nucleotide polymorphisms were identified in the cox1and nad1 region sequences, respectively. Conclusion: Accordingly, phylogenetic data revealed five and four haplotypes among donkey isolates based on the cox1and nad1 markers. Similarly, some of these haplotypes have been previously reported from different host species in Iran as well as all around the world.

scholarly journals Preliminary evidence for the occurrence of β-tubulin isotype 3 polymorphisms in Fasciola hepatica isolates in cattle and sheep in Turkey

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-92
Author(s):  
S. Sadet Canakoglu ◽  
S. Simsek ◽  
I. Balkaya ◽  
S. Gunyakti Kilinc
Keyword(s):  
Gene Polymorphism ◽  
Fasciola Hepatica ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Parasitic Disease ◽  
Tubulin Isotype ◽  
Pcr Rflp ◽  
First Time ◽  
Β Tubulin ◽  
Cattle And Sheep

SummaryFasciolosis caused by Fasciola hepatica is a common parasitic disease of livestock especially sheep and cattle. In this study molecular characterization of β-tubulin isotype 3 gene in Fasciola hepatica isolates from cattle and sheep in Turkey was carried out. For this purpose a total of 80 adult Fasciola hepatica isolates were collected from 20 sheep and 20 cattle in Kayseri and Erzurum provinces. PCR-RFLP was performed on β-tubulin isotype 3 gene and MboII revealed two fragments of approximately 350 bp and 390 bp, whereas HphI enzyme yielded 210, 340 and 540 bp bands, HindII yielded 380 and 450 bp bands in all samples. A total of 80 isolates were tested by SSCP and all of them presented the same band profiles. Six samples (4 sheep and 2 cattle) were randomly selected and DNA sequence of a 935 bp coding fragment of β-tubulin isotype 3 was performed. Sheep samples were more polymorphic than the cattle. This β-tubulin isotype 3 gene polymorphism of F.hepatica isolates from sheep and cattle of two distinct geographical areas of Turkey have been investigated for the first time.

scholarly journals Primary, Secondary Metabolites and Molecular Characterization of Hawthorn (Crataegus spp.) Genotypes

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1731
Author(s):  
Aysen Gurlen ◽  
Muttalip Gundogdu ◽  
Goksel Ozer ◽  
Sezai Ercisli ◽  
Boris Duralija
Keyword(s):  
Citric Acid ◽  
Binding Sites ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Resolving Power ◽  
Crataegus Monogyna ◽  
The World ◽  
Citric Acid Content ◽  
Polymorphic Bands ◽  
First Time

In this study, the molecular, biochemical and agro-morphological characterization of genotypes belonging to hawthorn species collected from Bolu province of Turkey was performed. Inter-priming binding sites (iPBS) markers based on retrotransposons were used for the first time in the molecular properties of hawthorn genotypes in the world. The marker system provided very useful information for revealing the genetic variation of the genotypes. Six iPBS markers amplified 68 fragments, of which 65 were polymorphic (95.59%) with an average of 10.83 polymorphic bands per primer. The polymorphism and resolving power per primers ranged from 0.12 to 0.42 and from 0.78 to 8.11 with the average being 0.32 and 5.95, respectively. Pomological properties of Crataegus tanacetifolia, such as fruit pomology and core weight were determined to higher than those of Crataegus monogyna. Citric acid was determined as the most predominant organic acid, followed by malic and succinic acid in the genotypes of both species. The highest citric acid content (26.745 mg 100 g−1) was noted for 14BL09 genotype. The vit. C content was recorded ranging from 2.681 to 9.621 mg 100 g−1. Catechin, chlorogenic, caffeic and rutin contents were varied between 4.140–51.393 mg, 2.254–42.361 mg, 0.624–4.407 mg, and 1.241–10.029 mg per 100 g of fruits, respectively. As a result, it has been determined that twenty-five genotypes belonging to different hawthorn species are important genetic resources to be evaluated in horticultural breeding studies in terms of their physical and biochemical contents.

scholarly journals New Global Characterization of Landslide Exposure

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Emberson ◽  
Dalia Kirschbaum ◽  
Thomas Stanley
Keyword(s):  
Open Source ◽  
Satellite Data ◽  
Landslide Hazard ◽  
Human Settlement ◽  
Intense Rainfall ◽  
Exposure Models ◽  
Landslide Hazards ◽  
The World ◽  
First Time

Abstract. Landslides triggered by intense rainfall are hazards that impact people and infrastructure across the world, but comprehensively quantifying exposure to these hazards remains challenging. Unlike earthquakes or flooding which cover large areas, landslides primarily occur in highly susceptible parts of a landscape affected by intense rainfall or seismic shaking, which may not intersect human settlement or infrastructure. Existing global landslide inventories generally include only those reported to have caused impacts, leading to significant biases toward both locations where impacts are common and areas with higher reporting capacity. To address the limits of report-based inventories, we have combined a globally homogenous landslide hazard proxy derived from satellite data with open-source datasets on population, roads and infrastructure to consistently estimate global exposure to landslide hazards. These exposure models compare favourably with existing datasets of rainfall-triggered landslide fatalities, while filling in major gaps in inventory-based estimates in parts of the world with lower reporting capacity. Our findings also, for the first time, distinguish relative levels of landslide hazard mitigation between different countries.

Revision of world Ooderella Ashmead (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea: Eupelmidae), with description of the first males for the genus

Zootaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4289 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
GARY A. P. GIBSON
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
South America ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Neotropical Region ◽  
World Species ◽  
Afrotropical Region ◽  
The World ◽  
First Time ◽  
Nearctic Region

The world species of Ooderella Ashmead, 1896 are revised. Characterization of the genus is based primarily on females, but for the first time males are associated with females through collecting events and described for four species. Putative generic features of males as well as morphological limits of both sexes are discussed, as are possible infrageneric relationships. Previously consisting of a single species from South America, Ooderella smithii Ashmead (♀, ♂), 18 new species are described from the Neotropical, Nearctic and Afrotropical regions, including one from the Nearctic region [O. americana n. sp. (♀)], 5 from the Afrotropical region [O. botswanae n. sp. (♀), O. capensis n. sp. (♀), O. gymnosoma n. sp. (♀), O. kenyaensis n. sp. (♀), and O. platyscapus n. sp. (♀, ♂)], and 12 from the Neotropical region [(O. ambigua n. sp. (♀), O. flavida n. sp. (♀), O. hansoni n. sp. (♀), O. hyalipleura n. sp. (♀), O. melanosceles n. sp. (♀), O. microptera n. sp. (♀), O. reticulifrons n. sp. (♀), O. setosa n. sp. (♀, ♂), O. speculifrons n. sp. (♀), O. spinositegula n. sp. (♀, ♂), O. stenoptera n. sp. (♀), and O. thegalea n. sp. (♀)]. The species are keyed, described, illustrated through macrophotography, and their distributions mapped. 

scholarly journals Three species of Colletotrichum are associated with anthracnose of pomegranate in Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. e3126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janaíne Rossane Araújo Silva-Cabral ◽  
Lourdes Regina Lopes Batista ◽  
Jaqueline Figueredo de Oliveira Costa ◽  
Edna Peixoto da Rocha Amorim ◽  
Gaus Silvestre de Andrade Lima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Phylogenetic Trees ◽  
Anthracnose Disease ◽  
The World ◽  
Total Dna ◽  
Pomegranate Fruit ◽  
Important Disease ◽  
Production Losses

Pomegranate is a fruit rich in vitamins and secondary metabolites used in traditional medicine and industry. However, production losses have been associated the anthracnose, disease caused by Colletotrichum species. This is an important disease of the pomegranate, as it affects the yield and the quality of the fruits. The present study aimed to investigate which species of Colletotrichum are associated with anthracnose disease in pomegranate in the Northeast region of Brazil, using multi-locus phylogenetic analysis and morpho-cultural characteristics. The total DNA extracted was amplified with GAPDH, TUB2, CAL, ACT genes and the ITS-rDNA region. The sequences obtained were used for the construction of phylogenetic trees of Bayesian inference. The mycelial growth rate, size and shape of the conidia and appressories were evaluated for the morpho-cultural characterization of the species. Six isolates were analysis and three species belonging to the C. gloeosporioides complex were identified in this study. This is the first report of C. theobromicola (2) in pomegranate fruit in Brazil and C. siamense (2) and C. fructicola (2) in the world.

scholarly journals Genotyping of African Swine Fever Virus (ASFV) Isolates in Romania with the First Report of Genotype II in Symptomatic Pigs

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 290
Author(s):  
Andrei Ungur ◽  
Cristina Daniela Cazan ◽  
Luciana Cătălina Panait ◽  
Marian Taulescu ◽  
Oana Maria Balmoș ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
African Swine Fever Virus ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
African Swine Fever ◽  
Fever Virus ◽  
Swine Industry ◽  
First Report ◽  
The World ◽  
First Time ◽  
Genotype Ii

The World Organisation for Animal Health has listed African swine fever as the most important deadly disease in domestic swine around the world. The virus was recently brought from South-East Africa to Georgia in 2007, and it has since expanded to Russia, Eastern Europe, China, and Southeast Asia, having a devastating impact on the global swine industry and economy. In this study, we report for the first time the molecular characterization of nine African swine fever virus (ASFV) isolates obtained from domestic pigs in Mureş County, Romania. All nine Romanian samples clustered within p72 genotype II and showed 100% identity with all compared isolates from Georgia, Armenia, Russia, Azerbaijan, Ukraine, Belarus, Lithuania, and Poland. This is the first report of ASFV genotype II in the country.

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