scholarly journals Bruxismo Infantil: Uma Revisão de Literatura / Children's Bruxism: A Literature Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (58) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Adrielle Barbosa Neves ◽  
Carla De Oliveira Freire ◽  
Edite Novais Borges Pinchemel
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Pediatric Dentistry ◽  
Masticatory Muscles ◽  
Accurate Diagnosis ◽  
Posterior Teeth ◽  
Etiological Factors ◽  
Anterior Teeth ◽  
Common Sign

Resumo: O objetivo do presente estudo foi discutir aspectos do bruxismo infantil através de uma revisão de literatura, abordando os fatores etiológicos bem como sinais, sintomas e características clínicas desta condição. É de grande importância o domínio dos sinais e sintomas para um diagnóstico mais preciso pelos profissionais da odontopediatria.  O  tratamento é multidisciplinar para esta condição parafuncional. Os resultados demonstraram ser o bruxismo um hábito não funcional da função mastigatória, que se caracteriza , pelo  ato de apertar ou ranger os dentes, ocorrendo tanto durante o dia como no momento do sono. A etiologia é multifatorial e a literatura apresenta diversos, tais como fatores associados: dentário, fisiológico,  psicológico e neurológico. O sinal mais comum é um certo desgaste nas  faces incisais, principalmente dos dentes anteriores e, oclusais nos dentes posteriores. Também tende a ocasionar hipersensibilidade dentária, fratura  de cúspides e restaurações e hipertonicidade dos músculos  mastigatórios.  Concluiu-se que conhecer os fatores etiológicos e as  características clínicas do bruxismo na infância é importante para um diagnóstico o mais  rápido possível, permitindo um tratamento precoce que favoreça o bem-estar da criança. Palavras-chave: bruxismo; crianças; odontopediatria.  Abstract: The aim of this study was to discuss aspects of childhood bruxism through a literature review, addressing the etiological factors as well as signs, symptoms and clinical characteristics of this condition. It is very important to master the signs and symptoms for a more accurate diagnosis by pediatric dentistry professionals. Treatment is multidisciplinary for this parafunctional condition. The results showed that bruxism is a non-functional habit of the masticatory function, which is characterized by the act of squeezing or grinding the teeth, occurring both during the day and during sleep. The etiology is multifactorial and the literature presents several, such as associated factors: dental, physiological, psychological and neurological. The most common sign is some wear on the incisal surfaces, especially on the anterior teeth, and occlusal on the posterior teeth. It also tends to cause tooth hypersensitivity, fracture of the cusps and restorations, and hypertonicity of masticatory muscles. It was concluded that knowing the etiological factors and clinical characteristics of bruxism in childhood is important for a diagnosis as quickly as possible, allowing an early treatment that favors the child's well-being.Keywords: bruxism; kids; pediatric dentistry.

scholarly journals Most prevalent symptoms associated with headache in COVID-19 patients in the acute phase: a systematic review

2021 ◽  
pp. 105-109
Author(s):  
Vitória Rodrigues Salomão ◽  
Anna Júlia Romão Baccarin ◽  
Thaís Yayoi Okido
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Acute Phase ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
Neurological Symptom ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Neurological Symptoms ◽  
Associated Symptoms

IntroductionConsidering the frequency of headache among the neurological symptoms of COVID-19, there is a need to understand other manifestations associated with this complaint.ObjectiveTo review the literature regarding the most prevalent symptoms associated with headache in patients diagnosed with COVID-19.MethodA systematic literature review was carried out on studies that evaluated published articles about clinical characteristics and headache associated symptoms in patients diagnosed with COVID-19.ResultsAmong the 1,190 patients in the analyzed studies, the following signs and symptoms were associated with headache: fever, hyposmia, anosmia, ageusia, phonophobia, dehydration, prostration and symptoms of the gastrointestinal tract.ConclusionHeadache was the main neurological symptom of COVID-19, among the main associated symptoms are fever, hyposmia or anosmia, ageusia and phonophobia.

scholarly journals INTRUSION ARC IN ORTHODONTIC:

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (06) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirna Liz da Cruz ◽  
Glaucia Alves Paiva ◽  
Angelita S. Mendes de Castro
Keyword(s):  
Successful Treatment ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Mechanical Stability ◽  
Anterior Segment ◽  
Posterior Teeth ◽  
Deep Bite ◽  
Alloy Wire ◽  
Anterior Teeth ◽  
Constant Magnitude ◽  
Division 2

The intrusion arch is a device for orthodontic anterior teeth intrusion, having been introduced by Burstone in 1977 for the treatment of deep bite, especially in the case of Class II division 2. But they are based on the origin of malocclusion and the patient's clinical characteristics, such as smile line, vertical dimension, predicted growth, among others. Use of this arc is governed by the principles of mechanical intrusion, which include obtaining a pure no intrusion proclination movements, therefore, necessary for successful treatment. Among these we can highlight to get a constant magnitude of force and the choice of point of application of force in the anterior segment, which would determine whether the motion would be pure intrusion or intrusion inclined. The mechanical stability of this is making it more advantageous in the treatment of deep bite in relation to treatment with extrusion of posterior teeth, which is notoriously prone to relapse. Thus, based on the principles of mechanics and its stability, several authors have developed some type of intrusion arches, using the original biomechanics, but differing mainly in the type of alloy wire and the point of application of force to the center of resistance to achieve the goals of the treatment

scholarly journals Aesthetic-Functional Fixed Appliance as Treatment of Premature Loss of primary Anterior Teeth

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 454-458
Author(s):  
Priscila Vieira Da Silva ◽  
Juliana Severino Lupinetti Noberto ◽  
Ariane Barbosa Rodrigues Del Papa ◽  
Cíntia Aparecida Damo Simões ◽  
Sandrine Bittencourt Berger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Examination ◽  
Primary Teeth ◽  
Treatment Plan ◽  
Pediatric Dentistry ◽  
Posterior Teeth ◽  
Early Loss ◽  
Anterior Teeth ◽  
First Case ◽  
Space Maintainer ◽  
Fixed Space

Abstract The early loss of anterior primary teeth is frequent in the pediatric dentistry clinic and it is associated with extensive caries or dental trauma. The purpose of this study was to report two cases of aesthetic-functional rehabilitation due to early loss of anterior primary teeth, with the aid of fixed space maintainers of the tube-bar type. In the first case, a 4-year-old female child referred for dental treatment is reported. During clinical examination, several restorations in the posterior teeth and absent upper anterior teeth were observed. The treatment plan consisted of installing a tube-bar type upper fixed space maintainer, considering the ease of installation and adaptation for young children. The second case reports a 5-year-old male patient with the main complaint of dental caries. Clinical examination revealed extensive coronary destruction in the upper central incisors, as well as in the posterior teeth that presented carious lesions in several teeth. For the case planning, it was determined the need for  the posterior teeth restorations and the exodontia of the anterior dental remnants. After oral rehabilitation, an aesthetic-functional space maintainer of the tube-bar type was made and installed. In both cases, prosthetic rehabilitation was fundamental to maintain the space until the eruption of the permanent successors, avoiding future damages, as well as to restore the children's self-esteem and introversion  behavior. Keywords: Deciduous. Space maintenance. Mouth rehabilitation.  Resumo A perda precoce dos dentes decíduos anteriores é frequente na clínica odontopediátrica e está associada a processos de cáries extensas ou traumas dentários. O objetivo do presente estudo foi relatar dois casos clínicos de reabilitação estético-funcional após perda precoce de dentes decíduos anteriores, com auxílio de mantenedores de espaço fixo do tipo tubo-barra. O primeiro caso refere-se a uma criança do sexo feminino, quatro anos de idade, encaminhada para atendimento odontológico. Durante exame clínico, observou-se restaurações nos dentes posteriores e ausência dos dentes anteriores superiores. O plano de tratamento consistiu na instalação de um mantenedor de espaço fixo superior do tipo tubo-barra, levando em consideração a facilidade de instalação e adaptação para crianças com pouca idade. O segundo caso reporta um paciente de sexo masculino, cinco anos de idade, tendo como queixa principal a presença de cáries dentárias. Ao exame clínico, foi notado extensas destruições coronárias nos incisivos centrais superiores, assim como nos dentes posteriores. Para o planejamento do caso, determinou-se a necessidade de restaurações dos dentes posteriores e as exodontia dos remanescentes dentários anteriores. Após adequação do meio bucal foi confeccionado e instalado um mantenedor de espaço estético-funcional do tipo tubo-barra. Em ambos os casos, a reabilitação protética foi fundamental para a manutenção do espaço até a irrupção dos sucessores permanentes, evitando prejuízos futuros, devolvendo a autoestima e a mudança do comportamento de introversão das crianças.  Palavras-chave: Dente decíduo. Reabilitação bucal. Mantenedor de espaço em ortodontia.

scholarly journals Effect of Prolonged Endodontic Treatment on Temporomandibular Joint and Masticatory Muscles

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-42
Author(s):  
Aisha Wali ◽  
Talha M Siddiqui ◽  
Fatima Siddiqui ◽  
Damiya Naireen
Keyword(s):  
Temporomandibular Joint ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
Temporomandibular Disorder ◽  
Masticatory Muscles ◽  
Endodontic Treatment ◽  
Posterior Teeth ◽  
Anterior Teeth ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Status ◽  
Masticatory Apparatus

ABSTRACT Aims and objectives The objective of the study is to assess the outcome of lengthy root canal sessions (more than 2 hours) on temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and its associated structures. Materials and methods Totally, 250 patients who had undergone root canal treatment that lasted for more than 2 hours were examined for the status of TMJ and masticatory muscles. The second part of the examination was performed after 1 week to check for any pain and tenderness. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). Results Results showed that patients of older age suffered from more pain postoperatively. Similarly, women experienced more pain than males. Those patients who were treated for their posterior teeth complained of more pain than those treated for anterior teeth. Conclusion Prolonged root canal sessions result in longer and wider opening of mouth for longer period of time, thus causing harm to TMJ and associated masticatory structures and may give rise to sign and symptoms of temporomandibular disorder (TMD). Clinical significance It is prudent to break treatment sessions into shorter appointments and let patients relax during the treatment to prevent any extra stress on the TMJ and associated masticatory apparatus. How to cite this article Siddiqui TM, Wali A, Siddiqui F, Naireen D. Effect of Prolonged Endodontic Treatment on Temporomandibular Joint and Masticatory Muscles. World J Dent 2018;9(1):38-42.

scholarly journals Comparison of the accuracy of intraoral scans between complete-arch scan and quadrant scan

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Youn-Gyeong Moon ◽  
Kyung-Min Lee
Keyword(s):  
Third Molar ◽  
Careful Consideration ◽  
Missing Teeth ◽  
Posterior Teeth ◽  
Anterior Teeth ◽  
Posterior Quadrant ◽  
Left Posterior ◽  
The Right ◽  
Best Fit ◽  
Posterior Area

Abstract Objective To compare the accuracy of complete-arch scans and quadrant scans obtained using a direct chairside intraoral scanner. Material and methods Intraoral scans were obtained from 20 adults without missing teeth except for the third molar. Maxillary and mandibular complete-arch scans were carried out, and 4 quadrant scans for each arch were performed to obtain right posterior, right anterior, left anterior, and left posterior quadrant scans. Complete-arch scans and quadrant scans were compared with corresponding model scans using best-fit surface-based registration. Shell/shell deviations were computed for complete-arch scans and quadrant scans and compared between the complete-arch scans and each quadrant scans. In addition, shell/shell deviations were calculated also for each individual tooth in complete-arch scans to evaluate factors which influence the accuracy of intraoral scans. Results Complete-arch scans showed relatively greater errors (0.09 ~ 0.10 mm) when compared to quadrant scans (0.05 ~ 0.06 mm). The errors were greater in the maxillary scans than in the mandibular scans. The evaluation of errors for each tooth showed that the errors were greater in posterior teeth than in anterior teeth. Comparing the right and left errors, the right side posterior teeth showed a more substantial variance than the left side in the mandibular scans. Conclusion The scanning accuracy has a difference between complete-arch scanning and quadrant scanning, particularly in the posterior teeth. Careful consideration is needed to avoid scanning inaccuracy for maxillary or mandibular complete-arch, particularly in the posterior area because a complete-arch scan might have potential error than a quadrant scan.

scholarly journals Dual-section versus conventional archwire for en-masse retraction of anterior teeth with direct skeletal anchorage: a finite element analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryo Hamanaka ◽  
Daniele Cantarella ◽  
Luca Lombardo ◽  
Lorena Karanxha ◽  
Massimo Del Fabbro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Occlusal Plane ◽  
Skeletal Anchorage ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Posterior Teeth ◽  
Posterior Portion ◽  
Anterior Teeth ◽  
Retraction Force ◽  
En Masse Retraction

Abstract Background The aim of this study is to compare the biomechanical effects of the conventional 0.019 × 0.025-in stainless steel archwire with the dual-section archwire when en-masse retraction is performed with sliding mechanics and skeletal anchorage. Methods Models of maxillary dentition equipped with the 0.019 × 0.025-in archwire and the dual-section archwire, whose anterior portion is 0.021 × 0.025-in and posterior portion is 0.018 × 0.025-in were constructed. Then, long-term tooth movement during en-masse retraction was simulated using the finite element method. Power arms of 8, 10, 12 and 14 mm length were employed to control anterior torque, and retraction forces of 2 N were applied with a direct skeletal anchorage. Results For achieving bodily movement of the incisors, power arms longer than 14 mm were required for the 0.019 × 0.025-in archwire, while between 8 and 10 mm for the dual-section archwire. The longer the power arms, the greater the counter-clockwise rotation of the occlusal plane was produced. Frictional resistance generated between the archwire and brackets and tubes on the posterior teeth was smaller than 5% of the retraction force of 2 N. Conclusions The use of dual-section archwire might bring some biomechanical advantages as it allows to apply retraction force at a considerable lower height, and with a reduced occlusal plane rotation, compared to the conventional archwire. Clinical studies are needed to confirm the present results.

scholarly journals Clinical Features and Outcomes of a Racially Diverse Population with Fibrillary Glomerulonephritis

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 248-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernanda Payan Schober ◽  
Meghan A. Jobson ◽  
Caroline J. Poulton ◽  
Harsharan K. Singh ◽  
Volker Nickeleit ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Disease Process ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Patient Characteristics ◽  
Underlying Disease ◽  
Fibrillary Glomerulonephritis ◽  
Black Patients ◽  
End Stage ◽  
20 Nm ◽  
The University

Background: Fibrillary glomerulonephritis is characterized by randomly arranged fibrils, approximately 20 nm in diameter by electron microscopy. Patients present with proteinuria, hematuria and kidney insufficiency, and about half of the reported patients progress to end-stage kidney disease within 4 years. The dependence of patient characteristics and outcomes on race has not been explored. In this study, we describe a cohort of patients with fibrillary glomerulonephritis and compare their clinical characteristics and outcomes with those of patients previously described. Methods: The University of North Carolina (UNC) Nephropathology Database was used to retrospectively identify patients diagnosed with fibrillary glomerulonephritis between 1985 and 2015. Of these patients, those treated at UNC were selected. Their demographic and clinical characteristics - including signs and symptoms, comorbidities, laboratory values, treatments and outcomes - were compared with those of patients described earlier. Results: Among the 287 patients identified, 42 were treated at the UNC Kidney Center. When compared to earlier cohorts, a higher frequency of black race, hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and use of hemodialysis were noted in both black and HCV-positive patients. Autoimmune diseases, infections and malignancies were frequently observed, present in over half of all cases. Conclusion: According to this study, fibrillary glomerulonephritis represents a secondary glomerular disease process (associated with autoimmune disease, infection or malignancy) in many cases and hence screening is essential. As the screening for comorbidities increased over time, more underlying causes were identified. We noted a high frequency of HCV among black patients, suggesting a possible causative association. Treatment of underlying disease is essential for patients for the best outcome.

scholarly journals The costs of functional gastrointestinal disorders and related signs and symptoms in infants: a systematic literature review and cost calculation for England

BMJ Open ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. e015594 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Mahon ◽  
Carlos Lifschitz ◽  
Thomas Ludwig ◽  
Nikhil Thapar ◽  
Julie Glanville ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Gastrointestinal Disorders ◽  
Over The Counter ◽  
Party Payer ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Cost

ObjectivesTo estimate the cost of functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) and related signs and symptoms in infants to the third party payer and to parents.Study designTo estimate the cost of illness (COI) of infant FGIDs, a two-stage process was applied: a systematic literature review and a COI calculation. As no pertinent papers were found in the systematic literature review, a ‘de novo’ analysis was performed. For the latter, the potential costs for the third party payer (the National Health Service (NHS) in England) and for parents/carers for the treatment of FGIDs in infants were calculated, by using publicly available data. In constructing the calculation, estimates and assumptions (where necessary) were chosen to provide a lower bound (minimum) of the potential overall cost. In doing so, the interpretation of the calculation is that the true COI can be no lower than that estimated.ResultsOur calculation estimated that the total costs of treating FGIDs in infants in England were at least £72.3 million per year in 2014/2015 of which £49.1 million was NHS expenditure on prescriptions, community care and hospital treatment. Parents incurred £23.2 million in costs through purchase of over the counter remedies.ConclusionsThe total cost presented here is likely to be a significant underestimate as only lower bound estimates were used where applicable, and for example, costs of alternative therapies, inpatient treatments or diagnostic tests, and time off work by parents could not be adequately estimated and were omitted from the calculation. The number and kind of prescribed products and products sold over the counter to treat FGIDs suggest that there are gaps between treatment guidelines, which emphasise parental reassurance and nutritional advice, and their implementation.

TAMI-01. BRAIN METASTASES: CURRENT LITERATURE REVIEW

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (Supplement_6) ◽  
pp. vi198-vi198
Author(s):  
Ruchi Raval ◽  
Aadi Pandya ◽  
Jaspreet Behl ◽  
Sumul Raval
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Brain Metastases ◽  
Current Literature ◽  
Anticoagulation Therapy ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
The Body ◽  
Definitive Treatment ◽  
Cognitive Changes ◽  
Cancer Breast ◽  
The Brain

Abstract PURPOSE As more information is gathered about brain metastases, it still remains that the current prognosis of brain metastases is very poor. Due to this, it is imperative that physicians are aware of the most important components regarding brain metastases. This literature review will encompass the most current literature in order to highlight the most crucial information. METHODS All mentioned studies and literature reviews cited in the paper were obtained through various sites, and were published between 1996 and 2017. The main components that were required from the papers reviewed included where in the body the brain metastases originated from, where in the brain they tended to spread to, what the signs and symptoms typical of patients with brain metastases are, and what the options are in terms of treatment. RESULTS Using the results from a variety of studies performed within the past three decades, it is apparent that brain metastases most commonly originate from, in order of increasing frequency, lung cancer, breast cancer, melanoma, and colorectal cancer. In addition, it is reaffirmed that the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the best diagnostic tool to be used when dealing with brain metastases. The most frequent signs and symptoms of a brain metastases include cognitive changes, headaches, weakness, and seizures. Finally, supportive treatment includes use of corticosteroids, antiepileptic drugs (AEDs), and anticoagulation therapy. Definitive treatment for brain metastases varies based on size, location, and prevalence in the brain, but the most effective options include chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and surgery. CONCLUSIONS The study’s results confirm the need for more research to be done regarding brain metastases, and better options to increase the survival of patients.

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