scholarly journals Ordeals of Sexually Violated Women and Access to Comprehensive Healthcare: A Case Study of Victims of Sexual Violence in North Kivu, Eastern Congo

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-22
Author(s):  
Katshiete Mbuisi Eale Brigitte ◽  
Gunnel Andersson ◽  
Ntabe Namegabe Edmond ◽  
Berthollet BwiraKaboru ◽  
Annsofie Adolfsson
Keyword(s):  
Medical Care ◽  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
Female Victims ◽  
Rehabilitation Programs ◽  
Recovery Processes ◽  
Professional Assistance ◽  
North Kivu ◽  
The Impact

Background: The impact of sexual violence in any community is extremely devastating and women in the Eastern part of the Congo are no exception. Sexual violence not only affects the health of women, but it impacts their social life within the community too. Objective: The study aims to investigate the experiences of female victims of sexual violence in accessing medical care in North Kivu. Design: An interpretive, phenomenological approach was used for this inductive and qualitative study. In-depth informant interviews were the main data collection tool. Open-ended questions were used during the interviews in order to garner more information from the interviewees. Heidegger’s approach was utilized in analyzing the collected data. Results: The analyzed and interpreted results of the data indicated that survivors of sexual violence are engaged in an ongoing struggle. The victims demonstrated immense resilience despite the lack of comprehensive medical care and have continued to reassemble their broken lives. In order to present the outcomes of the research in a succinct and coherent manner, the outcomes are categorized into five sub-themes: managing worries and shame; regaining happiness; healing and restoration; the need for professional assistance and struggles in daily life. Conclusion: The study provides an understanding of the recovery processes of survivors of sexual violence in North Kivu, with important insights into dimensions that rehabilitation programs should take into consideration.

scholarly journals The dynamics of recovery processes of physical activity of people who recovered from COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3C) ◽  
pp. 607-612
Author(s):  
Sergey Kokhan ◽  
Elena Romanova ◽  
Vladislav Dychko ◽  
Elena Dychko ◽  
Danil Dychko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Life Assessment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Breathing Exercises ◽  
Rehabilitation Programs ◽  
Recovery Processes ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
The Impact

The article shows the results of physical therapy of those who have had coronavirus infection COVID-19 and who have completed a month's course of physical rehabilitation as a part of rehabilitation measures in the conditions of the innovative clinic "Academy of Health". The aim of the research is to study the impact of pulmonary rehabilitation programs for patients with moderate to severe COVID-19. The implementation of special breathing exercises made it possible to improve the oxygen saturation in the blood, to reduce shortness of breath and indicators of respiratory symptoms.  The tolerance to exercise has increased; physical activity and the quality of life of patients with pneumonia associated with COVID-19 have improved. The best results of the EQ-5D quality of life assessment were recorded in the experimental group compared to the control group.

scholarly journals DINAMIKA PSIKOLOGIS KEKERASAN SEKSUAL: SEBUAH STUDI FENOMENOLOGI

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muh Anwar Fu'ady
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Psychological Impact ◽  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Analysis Process ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Psychological Dynamics ◽  
Assault Victims ◽  
The Impact

<p>Purpose of this study was to find out how the sexual violence occurs, the psychological impact of sexual violence, and knowing how psychological dynamics of sexual assault victims. Subjects in this study were the two people taken purposively with the criteria had experienced sexual violence. Methodology in qualitative research is phenomenological. There are four processes in a phenomenological approach that is epoche, phenomenological reduction, imaginative variation and synthesis of meaning. Data analysis process involves bracketing, horizonalizing, and meaning units to get the textural description. The results of this study indicate that the psychological impact of the subjects who are victims of sexual violence is the presence of post-traumatic stress disorder. Besides having a psychological impact, psychological dynamics of the subjects in this study also have similarities, but there are some striking differences. The big difference in the impact and psychological dynamics is caused by several factors such as personality characteristics, how to solve problems, how to manipulate cognition, and social support.</p><p> </p>

Factor Structure and Reliability of the Posttraumatic Cognitions Inventory in Korean Female Victims of Sexual Violence

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 2254-2270
Author(s):  
Kyoung Min Shin ◽  
Young Ki Chung ◽  
Nam Hee Kim ◽  
Kyoung Ah Kim ◽  
Hyoung Yoon Chang
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Event Scale ◽  
Female Victims ◽  
Posttraumatic Cognitions ◽  
Korean Version ◽  
The Impact

Trauma-related cognitions play an important role in formation and persistence of posttraumatic stress symptoms. This study investigated the psychometric properties of the Korean version of the Posttraumatic Cognitions Inventory (PTCI) in a sample of 227 females who had experienced sexual violence. Data were collected from victims who sought victim support services following sexual violence between 2011 and 2015. The Impact of Event Scale–Revised, Beck Depression Inventory, and Beck Anxiety Inventory were used to measure posttraumatic stress disorder severity, depression, and anxiety, respectively. The three-factor solution of the PTCI (SELF, WORLD, BLAME) was supported; however, it was necessary to remove five items from the original 33-item scale. The 28-item PTCI displays good internal consistency, concurrent validity, and discriminant validity. SELF and WORLD subscales correlated with trauma symptom severity, controlling depression and anxiety. This is the first study to investigate factor structure and psychometric properties of the Korean version of the PTCI with female victims of sexual violence, which demonstrated that 28-item version of PTCI is an acceptable assessment measure of examining trauma-related cognitions.

“I’m Already Seen as a Sexual Predator From Saying Hello”: Black Men’s Perception of Sexual Violence

2019 ◽  
pp. 088626051987794
Author(s):  
Nelson O. O. Zounlome ◽  
Y. Joel Wong ◽  
Elyssa M. Klann ◽  
Jessica L. David
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Sexual Violence ◽  
African American Men ◽  
Underrepresented Students ◽  
Clinical Work ◽  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
University Education ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Male Survivors ◽  
The Impact

Sexual violence is a severe and rampant issue plaguing college campuses. However, the lack of research pertaining to underrepresented students calls into question the generalizability of university education and prevention efforts. Consequently, there is a gap in the literature regarding African American men’s understanding of sexual violence. This study seeks to address this gap by examining African American university men’s conceptualization of sexual violence from their own racial and cultural perspectives. Ninety-minute semi-structured interviews were conducted with eight male African American students attending predominantly White institutions. Data were analyzed by three coders using an interpretative phenomenological approach and intersectional framework. Data were then presented to an auditor and the coders revised the themes based on the auditor’s feedback. Four themes emerged from this analysis: aggressive and violent stereotypes of Black men, othering of male survivors, racial considerations when responding to survivors, and awareness of racial injustices. These results provide evidence supporting the need for culturally grounded sexual violence education and prevention efforts to effectively reach African American men on university campuses. For example, universities may consider having African American confidential advocates and a committee of racially diverse members to run reported instances of sexual violence to reduce bias. In addition, universities may benefit from partnering with Black fraternities to empower men to be allies for social change against rape culture within their communities. For clinical work, such efforts could include incorporating explicit discussions of the impact of gendered racism on Black male survivors into session. Also, clinicians could aim to combat the internalization of the gender racist stereotypes with clients.

scholarly journals Empowering Teachers in the Socialization of the Anti-Sexual Violence Behavior in Primary Schools

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 20
Author(s):  
Eko Sediyono ◽  
Wahyuni Kristinawati ◽  
Mila Chrismawati Paseleng
Keyword(s):  
Elementary School ◽  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Discussion Forums ◽  
School Students ◽  
Parent Communication ◽  
Teacher Student ◽  
Central Java ◽  
The Impact

Facts showed that many cases of sexual harassment and violence occurred to elementary school students, yet they did not have the knowledge, courage, and skills to withstand against the people who harmed them. Teachers should become a good mediator for the students in understanding the basic sexual values, as well as skills against sexual abuses. This study developed a multimedia-based teaching media, animation, and user-friendly digital books to empower these teachers. The other aim to be achieved was the formation of communication and parent-student-teacher partnership. Hence, they were integrated into attaining one purpose which was protecting children from sexual violence. The method used was discussion forums, in where the teachers were divided into small groups, to achieve the goal which was the empowerment action among elementary school teachers in socialising of anti-sexual violence behaviour. All teachers involved were the principals and teachers of two elementary schools in Salatiga, Central Java, Indonesia. The impact of this action program was the establishment of tranquillity and comfort in the community's social life. The teachers were increasingly skilled and encouraged to have courage in socialising anti-sexual violence to the students. The teacher-student-parent communication was able to assist them in making an early identification, and appropriate responses to sexual violence occurred to the elementary students.

scholarly journals Resilience in Adolescent Chronic Pain: An Exploration of Coping Mechanisms and Protective Psychological Factors

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 55
Author(s):  
Manuella Widjaja ◽  
Rachel Szwimer ◽  
Richard Hovey
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
Coping Mechanisms ◽  
Healing Time ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Career Trajectories ◽  
Interpretative Phenomenological Approach ◽  
The Impact

Introduction: Adolescents living with Chronic Pain (CP) are vulnerable to negative outcomes such as disability and impaired quality of life; they often miss schools, are unable to maintain social contacts, have sleep disturbances, and suffer from anxiety and depression. The continuation of avoidance coping behaviour beyond normal healing time had also been shown to result in negative consequences such as Disuse Syndrome—a state associated with physical deconditioning, sick role behaviour, psychosocial withdrawal, as well as negative and catastrophic beliefs.Objective: This study uses an interpretative phenomenological approach to explore individual positive thought processes, adaptation efforts, coping mechanisms, as well as resilience resources (beneficial social situations and solid family ties) that adolescents adopt to minimize the impact of pain and its consequences. The ultimate goal is to liaise with fellow physicians, allied researchers, and policy makers to modify, adapt, and improve current adolescent CP services. This way, we can help patients foster skills that will allow them to adapt positively, regain a balanced social life, and live successfully despite their pain.Results / Findings: Central to all accounts is a sense of interrupted life—phrases with negative connotations such as “couldn’t do” and “had to stop” are repeatedly used to express feelings of loss of control.To regain control over their situation, participants create within themselves a positive internal dialogue: they reconstruct the meaning of normalcy, practice acceptance, make downward social comparisons, and engage in daily positive affirmations. While chronic pain disrupts their career trajectories, the experience of living with pain has instilled in them the pursuit of significance. This pursuit is propelled by the imagery of a full life and seems to be particular to this age group. Ironically, some participants are seen to be grateful for their pain. Living with pain has gifted them with intuitive empathy for the suffering of others, as well as the emotional credibility to help.

Violence and sexual violence between partners: A qualitative analysis of female victims’ experiences

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-142
Author(s):  
Amandine Dziewa ◽  
Fabienne Glowacz
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Political Agenda ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Unwanted Sex ◽  
Female Victims ◽  
Abusive Relationship ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Subject: In the 1970s, domestic violence was put on the political agenda as a societal problem. Since then, research exploring the dynamics of Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) has multiplied, but the study of sexual violence between partners is still topical. This article examines female victims’ experiences of intimate partner sexual violence (IPSV). Method: This qualitative study uses a thematic approach to explore how IPV victims perceive sexual violence within their couple. Semi-structured interviews, which include the use of qualitative life calendars, were conducted with 20 women. Results: The thematic analysis of the 20 interviews highlighted several themes and sub-themes that address (1) sexual violence experienced by victims within the couple, (2) their perception of sexual violence, and (3) the reasons why they submitted to unwanted sex in an abusive relationship. Conclusion: Experiences of sexual violence are the result of different dynamics; however, IPSV is a form of violence that is still difficult to identify and is more often defined by victims as an impulse or aggression than a rape. Within the couple, the impact of violence, but also the influence of gender stereotypes, affect the perception of violence, assertiveness capacities, and, therefore, the ability to express free consent. Victims submitt to their partner because they are afraid of him; they want to protect themselves or their children; or they do not have the capacity to express their non-consent.

Understanding Case Outcomes for Male Victims of Forcible Sexual Assaults

2020 ◽  
pp. 088626052096715
Author(s):  
Scott M. Walfield ◽  
Philip D. McCormack ◽  
Kaitlyn Clarke
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
The United States ◽  
Sexual Assaults ◽  
Male Victims ◽  
Female Victims ◽  
Sex Offense ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Significant Attention

While rape and sexual violence have long been a widespread social problem, and one that has garnered significant attention, research that specifically examines the phenomenon of male victimization of sexual violence remains lacking. Addressing the gaps in the research, the current study uses 10 years of law enforcement data from the United States’ National Incident-based Reporting System (2007–2016) on sexual victimization of males 14 years of age or older. The study sought to assess the impact of victim, offender, and incident characteristics associated with the outcome of the case (i.e., open, arrest, and exceptional clearance due to the victim declining or the prosecution refusing to pursue the case) for 20,701 male victims who reported a forcible sex offense to law enforcement as well as agency variation for cleared crimes. Using multilevel multinomial logistic regression, exceptionally cleared cases are more likely to resemble open cases than those resulting in arrest with incident characteristics having a larger influence than victim and offender characteristics. Cases involving concomitant offenses, committed by a stranger, resulting in injury, increase the likelihood of arrest—all of which support the “real rape” hypothesis. Exceptionally cleared cases represent more than one-third of cleared cases and there is significant department variation in the usage of exceptional clearance, as a number of agencies are exceptionally clearing more than half of their cleared cases, artificially increasing their clearance rate. These results, in conjunction with research on female victims, suggests that the handling of sexual assault cases reported to law enforcement remains problematic.

scholarly journals Applying Salutogenesis in Vocational Rehabilitation Settings

2022 ◽  
pp. 441-446
Author(s):  
Monica Lillefjell ◽  
Ruca Maass ◽  
Camilla Ihlebæk
Keyword(s):  
Added Value ◽  
Positive Health ◽  
Design And Implementation ◽  
Rehabilitation Programs ◽  
Recovery Processes ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Occupational Activities ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Rehabilitative Services ◽  
The Impact

AbstractRehabilitation services are more closely and directly linked to maintaining and regaining positive health lost by illness and by pathogenic side effects of health care than the provision of cure or care. There even exists some professional understanding that rehabilitation should start with the beginning of treatment and be integrated into treatment processes and not just follow after discharge of patients. But even the WHO definition of rehabilitation has a pathogenic bias by focusing on disabilities of people or on disabled people and not addressing their abilities explicitly. Therefore, salutogenesis still has to offer something and has an added value to rehabilitation as a supportive intervention for recovery processes.Within the wider field of rehabilitation, this chapter has a specific focus on vocational work-oriented rehabilitation, which is a combination of medical, psychological, social, and occupational activities with the goal of enabling a timely return to work after sickness absence. For that the chapter highlights how salutogenesis can be related to the design and implementation of vocational rehabilitative services. A summary of descriptive and intervention research is given on the impact of the sense of coherence (SOC) as a moderator on processes and outcomes of rehabilitation programs and on the influence of these programs on the development of the SOC. Recommendations for further research with more complex longitudinal designs are given.

Computers in Medical Care: A Review

1984 ◽  
Vol 23 (02) ◽  
pp. 63-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans W. Gottinger
Keyword(s):  
Resource Allocation ◽  
Medical Care ◽  
Hospital Care ◽  
The Impact

SummaryThis survey provides an overview of major developments on the impact of computers in medical and hospital care over the last 25 years. Though the review emphasizes developments in the U. S. and their multi-faceted impacts upon resource allocation and regulation, a serious attempt is made to track those impacts being universally true in multinational environments.

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