scholarly journals Using Human Development Indices to Identify Indicators to Monitor the Corona Virus Pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abul-Fadl Azza ◽  
Ayah Sarhan
Keyword(s):  
Human Development ◽  
Human Development Index ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Online Data ◽  
Development Indicators ◽  
Corona Virus ◽  
The World ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Nations Development ◽  
Very High

Introduction The Corona virus (CoVID-19) pandemic has hit the most developed countries and has thence spread to inflict other countries around the world. It is the first pandemic that appears in countries not linked to poverty and poor hygiene. Aim To study the relationship between human development and the pattern of the pandemic caused by the CoVID-19 and to identify development indicators that can be useful in monitoring the pandemic. Methods Data collected included confirmed cases of CoVID-19 by country, number of cases that recovered and cases that died and population density per million in this particular country. The data for this information was obtained from the online data on the daily reports on CoVID-19 from the different countries. Data for the Human Development index (HDI) and the ranking for each country were obtained from the most recent United Nations Development of Populations (UNDP) report for 2019. We analyzed data for 166 countries for which the HDI was available for the date of cases reported online on 27th March, 2020 at midnight. Findings There were significant differences by ANOVA for the confirmed cases of CoVID19 cases and total cases per one million population between the countries in the 4 tier group of Human Development. HDI was significantly correlated with confirmed cases, case density and cases that died from CoVID-19 (P<0.01) for all countries but the significance decreased by tier group. Country ranking was inversely correlated with confirmed cases of CoVID-19 (r-0.25 at P=0.001), CoVID-19 cases per million (r-0.4 at P=0.000) and cases that died from CoVID-19 (r-0.2 at P=0.03). Recovery was not inked to HDI or country ranking. The upper HDI tier groups (very high, high and medium) showed significant correlations with total cases per one million population P<0.05, but no correlation was found with confirmed cases or cases that died or recovered from CoVID-19 P>0.05. Conclusions Total cases of CoVID-19 per one million population seems to be a better indicator of the pandemic. The pattern of spread is closely linked to industry.

scholarly journals A comparison of rural crimes in Australia (NSW) and South Africa

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Willie Johannes Clack
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Human Development Index ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World ◽  
Different Levels

Rural criminology as a topic of scholarly study, neglected over the past two to three decades, has bounced into the spotlight, with claims now being made that rural criminology is receiving justified attention among the academic fraternity. This paper presents a comparative analysis of the major challenge facing two countries with different levels of development as identified by the United Nations Human Development Index. A predicament for rural criminology is that the world is not equal: rural crimes is researched in developed countries but not in developing countries. This paper compares the types and prevalence of agricultural crimes in Australia (NSW) and South Africa to determine whether significant differences or similarities exist.

The global cancer burden and human development: A review

2017 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miranda M. Fidler ◽  
Freddie Bray ◽  
Isabelle Soerjomataram
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Human Development Index ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Global Perspective ◽  
Cancer Burden ◽  
Development Index ◽  
Very High

Aims: This review examines the links between human development and cancer overall and for specific types of cancer, as well as cancer-related risk-factors and outcomes, such as disability and life expectancy. Methods: To assess human development, the Human Development Index was utilized continuously and according to four levels (low, medium, high, very high), where the low and very high categories include the least and most developed countries, respectively. All studies that assessed aspects of the global cancer burden using this measure were reviewed. Results: Although the present cancer incidence burden is greater in higher Human Development Index countries, a greater proportion of the global mortality burden is observed in less developed countries, with a higher mean fatality rate in the latter countries. Further, the future cancer burden is expected to disproportionally affect less developed regions; in particular, it has been estimated that low and medium Human Development Index countries will experience a 100% and 81% increase in cancer incidence from 2008 to 2030, respectively. Disparities were also observed in risk factors and average health outcomes, such as a greater number of years of life lost prematurely and fewer cancer-related gains in life expectancy observed in lower versus higher Human Development Index settings. Conclusions: From a global perspective, there remain clear disparities in the cancer burden according to national Human Development Index scores. International efforts are needed to aid countries in social and economic transition in order to efficiently plan, implement and evaluate cancer control initiatives as a means to reduce the widening gap in cancer occurrence and survival worldwide.

scholarly journals Incidence and mortality of kidney cancer and its relationship with HDI (Human Development Index) in the world in 2012

2017 ◽  
Vol 90 (3) ◽  
pp. 286-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Mohammadian ◽  
Reza Pakzad ◽  
Farhad Towhidi ◽  
Behnam Reza Makhsosi ◽  
Abbas Ahmadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Kidney Cancer ◽  
Human Development Index ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
World Health ◽  
Development Index ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
The World

Background and aims. Kidney cancer is among the cancers that have the highest growth rate in all age and racial groups in the world and is as the most deadly type of urinary tract cancer. Since awareness about this cancer incidence status and mortality is essential for better planning, this study aimed to investigate the incidence and mortality rate of kidney cancer and its relationship with the development index in the world in 2012.Method. This study was an ecological study conducted based on GLOBOCAN project of the World Health Organization (WHO) for the countries in the world. The correlation between Standardized Incidence Rates (SIRs) and Standardized Mortality Rates (SMRs) of kidney cancer with HDI and its components was assessed using SPSS18.Results. In total, 337,860 incidence cases (213,924 were men and 123,936 women) and 143,406 deaths (90,802 cases in men and 52,604 in women) of kidney cancer were recorded in 2012. A positive correlation of 0.731 was seen between SIR of kidney cancer and HDI (p≤0.001). Also, a negative correlation of 0.627was seen between SMR of kidney cancer and HDI (p≤0.001). Conclusion. The incidence and mortality rate of kidney cancer is higher in developed countries. A significant positive correlation has been seen between the standardized incidence and mortality rate of kidney cancer with the Human Development Index and its components. We need more studies to examine variation in incidence and mortality of kidney cancer and its related factors in the world.

scholarly journals Assessing the Relationship between Chronic Lymphoid Leukemia Mortality Rates and Human Development Index: A 26-Year Trend Analysis Using Location-Scale Mixed Effects Model

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Parisa REZANEJAD ASL ◽  
Farid ZAYERI ◽  
Alireza MOGHISI
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Human Development Index ◽  
Mixed Effects ◽  
Lymphoid Leukemia ◽  
Development Index ◽  
Chronic Lymphoid Leukemia ◽  
The World ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Standardized Mortality Rate

Background: Chronic lymphoid leukemia (CLL) is one of the most prevalent types of leukemia, which is responsible for a remarkable mortality rate in the world. This study aimed to investigate the global trend of this cancer from 1990 to 2015 and to determine the relationship between trend of CLL mortality rate and Human Development Index (HDI) throughout the world. Methods: The age-standardized mortality rate data of all countries of the world (per 100,000) were extracted from the GBD database. In addition, the HDI values for the studied countries in different years were obtained from the UNDP database. The statistical analysis was performed using the mixed-effects location-scale model in the SAS software, version 9.4. Results: The findings of the statistical modeling showed a downward slope for CLL Age Standardized Mortality Rate (ASMR) for total world countries ( ˆ   0.002 ). We also find a significant association between CLL ASMR and HDI. Countries with higher HDI had higher level of CLL ASMR in years 1990 to 2015 with a negative slope. Furthermore, countries with lower HDI had Lower level of CLL ASMR with rather fixed rates in this period. Conclusion: These findings showed a decreasing trend of global CLL ASMR in the previous decades, although, the fixed trend of CLL ASMR in countries with low HDI is worrisome. The health policymakers should make more efforts to decrease the mortality due to this cancer in these countries.

scholarly journals Status of Human Development in Maharashtra: A District Level Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 88-96
Author(s):  
Nitin Mundhe ◽  
Dhondiram Pawar ◽  
Priyanka Rokade
Keyword(s):  
Human Development ◽  
Human Development Index ◽  
Literacy Education ◽  
Index Method ◽  
Development Index ◽  
Development Indicators ◽  
Choropleth Maps ◽  
Development Group ◽  
Very High ◽  
Level Analysis

The Human Development Index (HDI) is a relative measure of the country’s life expectancy, literacy, education, and living standards. It is a standard measure of wellbeing, especially of child welfare. The present study is an attempt to bring out the inter-district disparities in terms of human development in Maharashtra, applying the human development index method based on the optimal combination of selected human development indicators. Furthermore, to compare the levels of human development between the different districts through choropleth maps. The result shows that two districts are in the less developed category, i.e., Nandurbar and Gadchiroli, and rests of the 33 districts are included in the moderately high and very high human development group.

scholarly journals The Incidence of Stroke in Indigenous Populations of Countries With a Very High Human Development Index: A Systematic Review Protocol

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna H. Balabanski ◽  
Angela Dos Santos ◽  
John A. Woods ◽  
Amanda G. Thrift ◽  
Timothy J. Kleinig ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Human Development Index ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Indigenous Populations ◽  
Stroke Incidence ◽  
Development Index ◽  
Incidence Studies ◽  
Very High

Background and Aims: Despite known Indigenous health and socioeconomic disadvantage in countries with a Very High Human Development Index, data on the incidence of stroke in these populations are sparse. With oversight from an Indigenous Advisory Board, we will undertake a systematic review of the incidence of stroke in Indigenous populations of developed countries or regions, with comparisons between Indigenous and non-Indigenous populations of the same region, though not between different Indigenous populations.Methods: Using PubMed, OVID-EMBASE, and Global Health databases, we will examine population-based incidence studies of stroke in Indigenous adult populations of developed countries published 1990-current, without language restriction. Non-peer-reviewed sources, studies including &lt;10 Indigenous People, or with insufficient data to determine incidence, will be excluded. Two reviewers will independently validate the search strategies, screen titles and abstracts, and record reasons for rejection. Relevant articles will undergo full-text screening, with standard data extracted for all studies included. Quality assessment will include Sudlow and Warlow's criteria for population-based stroke incidence studies, the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale for risk of bias, and the CONSIDER checklist for Indigenous research.Results: Primary outcomes include crude, age-specific and/or age-standardized incidence of stroke. Secondary outcomes include overall stroke rates, incidence rate ratio and case-fatality. Results will be synthesized in figures and tables, describing data sources, populations, methodology, and findings. Within-population meta-analysis will be performed if, and where, methodologically sound and comparable studies allow this.Conclusion: We will undertake the first systematic review assessing disparities in stroke incidence in Indigenous populations of developed countries. Data outputs will be disseminated to relevant Indigenous stakeholders to inform public health and policy research.

scholarly journals An Investigation of Country Efficiencies as to Human Development Index Variables

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Selim Başar ◽  
Murat Eren ◽  
Miraç Eren
Keyword(s):  
Human Development ◽  
Human Development Index ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
Important Research ◽  
Effective Utilization ◽  
Development Index ◽  
Dea Models ◽  
The Developed Countries ◽  
The Relationship

Inability to resolve a number of social problems in the developed countries has brought forward the relationship between economic growth and human development in the research agenda. One of the important research carried out in this context has been the calculation of the Human Development Index (HDI). The aim of this study is to measure the relative efficiencies of each country in each group of countries ranked as to their HDI Index values by evaluating each group in itself and to recommend policies for effective utilization of their resources. Non-input radial-based Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) models, in which the efficiency measured only by utilizing output variables, was employed for this aim. Life expectancy, education and GDP indices used in calculation of HDI were used as output variables for the estimations.

What Does Human Development Index Rating Mean in Terms of Individualism/Collectivism?

2003 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria José Sotelo ◽  
Luis Gimeno
Keyword(s):  
Human Development ◽  
Human Development Index ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
General Idea ◽  
Development Index ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
The Relationship

The authors explore an alternative way of analyzing the relationship between human development and individualism. The method is based on the first principal component of Hofstede's individualism index in the Human Development Index rating domain. Results suggest that the general idea that greater wealth brings more individualism is only true for countries with high levels of development, while for middle or low levels of development the inverse is true.

IMPACT OF NATIONAL DISASTER COVID-19, INDONESIA TOWARDS ECONOMIC RECESSION

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
endang naryono
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Economic Recession ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
Poor Countries ◽  
Corona Virus ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
National Disaster

Covid-19 or the corona virus is a virus that has become a disaster and a global humanitarian disaster began in December 2019 in Wuhan province in China, April 2020 the spread of the corona virus has spread throughout the world making the greatest humanitarian disaster in the history of human civilization after the war world II, Already tens of thousands of people have died, millions of people have been infected with the conona virus from poor countries, developing countries to developed countries overwhelmed by this virus outbreak. Increasingly, the spread follows a series of measurements while patients who recover recover from a series of counts so that this epidemic becomes a very frightening disaster plus there is no drug or vaccine for this corona virus yet found, so that all countries implement strategies to reduce this spread from social distancing, phycal distancing to with a city or country lockdown.

The Relationship between Human Development and Economic Growth

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frances Stewart ◽  
Gustav Ranis ◽  
Emma Samman
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Human Development Index ◽  
Econometric Analysis ◽  
Complementary Relationship ◽  
Development Index ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Intervening Variables

This chapter explores the interactions between economic growth and human development, as measured by the Human Development Index, theoretically and empirically. Drawing on many studies it explores the links in two chains, from economic growth to human development, and from human development to growth. Econometric analysis establishes strong links between economic growth and human development, and intervening variables influencing the strength of the chains. Because of the complementary relationship, putting emphasis on economic growth alone is not a long-term viable strategy, as growth is likely to be impeded by failure on human development. The chapter classifies country performance in four ways: virtuous cycles where both growth and human development are successful; vicious cycles where both are weak; and lopsided ones where the economy is strong but human development is weak, or conversely ones where human development is strong but the economy is weak.

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