Die literarische Imagologie dunkelhäutiger Frauen in Strickers Königin von Mohrenland (zw. 1210-1230)

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-30
Author(s):  
Dina Aboul Fotouh Hussein Salama
Keyword(s):  
Gender Identity ◽  
Historical Background ◽  
Medieval History ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Alter Ego ◽  
Religious Differences

Abstract The aim of this study is to analyze the image of dark women in the bîspel Die Königin von Mohrenland written by Der Stricker, one of the most popular medieval poets. The paper explores and detects the means by which the Moorish queen and her folk are represented and instrumentalized in the short epic entitled bîspel. The depiction of the Moor as the ›dark other‹, ›dark evil‹ etc. or an ›alter ego‹ illustrates premodern approaches to the construction of a stereotype of dark people based on racist, ethnic and religious differences. Such stereotypical depiction contributes to the establishment of the dark other as an enemy. The research questions are discussed from an intercultural perspective which encompasses a discussion of gender, identity and colour (white / dark) and at the same time taking into consideration the historical background of confrontations between the orient and the occident in medieval history.

First Insights on Peruvian Luxury Consumers

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 699-712
Author(s):  
Anne-Flore Maman Larraufie ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Markets ◽  
Cultural Dimensions ◽  
Historical Background ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Strong Potential ◽  
Analytic Process ◽  
Emerging Country ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Practical Recommendations

Peru is an emerging country showing strong potential for future luxury developments. It already holds luxury regular consumers, mainly in the Lima capital. However, it is currently approached in a standardized process by luxury firms, following what is done in other emerging markets for luxury. To be efficient, it is necessary to get more knowledge about Peruvian consumers. This is what this article aims at. After reviewing the historical background of the country along with its cultural dimensions, we present results from a two-stage analytic process based on data collected from secondary sources and interviews with consumers. We derive from that practical recommendations for luxury managers and propose some research questions and hypotheses to be further explored and tested.

Saami component in medieval history and toponymy of the Volga-Oka interfluve

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (11-2) ◽  
pp. 82-98
Author(s):  
Vyacheslav Rozhkov
Keyword(s):  
Historical Background ◽  
Medieval History ◽  
Moskva River

The article considers the reasons for the difficulties of etymologization ancient ethnic and geographical names of the Volga-Oka interfluve. Shows the historical background and general foundations of a number of ethnonyms, ethnotonyms and toponyms (Saami, Merya, Murom, Chud, Lob river, Ruza river, Moskva River, Moscow, Mozhaisk, Kolomna, etc.). The author presents a set of identical names of the Volga-Oka interfluve and places of established settlement of the Saami. The facts and substantiations presented in the article lead to the conclusion about the existence on the territory of the Volga-Oka interfluve before the appearance of the Slavs of regional toponymy based on the Sami and, possibly, the near Finno-Ugric languages.

scholarly journals The use of ceramics as an aesthetic element in Durban architecture (1914-2012)

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Raksha Padaruth
Keyword(s):  
Historical Background ◽  
Art Practice ◽  
Local Identity ◽  
Architectural Elements ◽  
Architectural Element ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Contemporary Practice ◽  
Insight Into

This paper documents and evaluates the use of ceramics as an aesthetic architectural element in Durban from 1914-2012 with special reference to James Hall (1916-2006), Andrew Walford (b.1942) and Jane du Rand (b.1969). These artists were selected because their work demonstrates a wide range of the use of decorative tiles and mosaics as aesthetic elements in Durban architecture over a period of more than fifty years. Reference is made to the historical use of tiles and mosaics as aesthetic architectural elements in Durban from 1914-1955 in order to provide a context to an investigation and evaluation of the contribution of Hall, Walford and du Rand to the use of tiles and mosaics as an aesthetic architectural element in Durban. The paper begins by highlighting the importance of this study, discusses the role of ceramic architectural adornment and defines terminology for the purpose of this research. In addition an explanation of the research methodology used, research questions and literature review is provided. The study is contextualised through an overview of the historical background of the use of ceramics (tiles and mosaics) as an aesthetic element in architecture. The importance of the use of ceramic elements in relation to architecture, as well as the different techniques and methods of production, are highlighted and related to contemporary practice. The overview provides insight into how the use of ceramic elements in the past has influenced the approach of contemporary practice. My contribution to the use of mosaics as an aesthetic architectural element in Durban and my art practice, in the form of an installation titled passage is discussed and evaluated. The paper concludes by noting that the historical use of tiles and mosaics as aesthetic elements in architecture persists in contemporary art practice. However, the methods of tiled mosaic production and tiled mosaic techniques have been revolutionised extensively. It is evident that, the use of ceramics as an aesthetic element in Durban architecture reflects, both a strong European design influence and a distinctive local identity.

scholarly journals Early Traces of Materiality and Relevance Principles in Luca Pacioli’s Tractatus XI

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (9) ◽  
pp. 153
Author(s):  
Christian Rainero ◽  
Giuseppe Modarelli ◽  
Alessandro Migliavacca ◽  
Riccardo Coda
Keyword(s):  
Historical Perspective ◽  
Standard Setting ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Historical Background ◽  
Academic World ◽  
Historical Approach ◽  
Luca Pacioli ◽  
Setting Process ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Information Acceptance

This paper aims to investigate the materiality and relevance principles, as observed from a historical perspective, specifically as shown in the Tractatus XI of Summa de Arithmetica, Geometria, Proportioni et Proportionalità, printed in Venezia in AD 1494 by Franciscan friar Luca Pacioli, a real cornerstone for bookkeeping literature. Materiality and relevance principles are today fundamental to manage information and are discriminating for information acceptance. This research questions about how these principles are present in the Pacioli’ treatise. Seven fragments from the Tractatus, within which traces of relevance and materiality can be found, are extracted and analyzed under the IASB theoretical framework and their historical background. This paper contributes to the literature by investigating the principles through a historical approach, that is selected to explore the topic and to argue about the possible causes for which it is possible to find early traces of relevance and materiality in Pacioli's work. Moreover, this research is a contribution to keep the debate open on the need for the participation of the academic world and practitioner, in the standard-setting process, that is currently lacking.

scholarly journals Spory o służebności przechodu, przejazdu i przegonu bydła w relacjach miast i wsi ze zwierzchnością dworską na terenie Galicji w XIX wieku

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 430-449
Author(s):  
Joachim Popek ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Historical Background ◽  
Main Body ◽  
Central State ◽  
Main Hypothesis ◽  
Historical Archive ◽  
The Common ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
First Time ◽  
Present Text

The article deals with the question of mobility in the context of the common rights of passage, carriage and cattle drive through properties belonging to estates. Till 1848 Galician peasants and townsmen enjoyed them on the basis of charters or custom law. In the second half of the 19th century rights were abolished or regulated. Archival research proved that in the whole century there were many conflicts regarding common rights, which is the main hypothesis put forward in the present article. The arrangement of the present text is conventionally structured, i.e. historical background, hypothesis and research questions; discussion of the source base, methodology and research tools; the main body, summary and general conclusions. The article originated on the basis of archival sources, mainly from the Central State Historical Archive of Ukraine in Lviv, which were utilised for the very first time. The sources were supplemented by cartographic materials prepared by means of QGIS software.

scholarly journals Human Rotavirus Reverse Genetics Systems to Study Viral Replication and Pathogenesis

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 1791
Author(s):  
Satoshi Komoto ◽  
Saori Fukuda ◽  
Takayuki Murata ◽  
Koki Taniguchi
Keyword(s):  
Viral Replication ◽  
Rational Design ◽  
Reverse Genetics ◽  
Helper Virus ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Historical Background ◽  
Proper Understanding ◽  
Human Rotavirus ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Infants And Young Children

Human rotaviruses (HuRVAs) are highly important causes of acute gastroenteritis in infants and young children worldwide. A lack of reliable and reproducible reverse genetics systems for HuRVAs has limited a proper understanding of HuRVA biology and also the rational design of live-attenuated vaccines. Since the development of the first reverse genetics system for RVAs (partially plasmid-based reverse genetics system) in 2006, there have been many efforts with the goal of generating infectious recombinant HuRVAs entirely from cloned cDNAs. However, the establishment of a HuRVA reverse genetics system was very challenging until 2019. This review article provides an overview of the historical background of the recent development of long-awaited HuRVA reverse genetics systems, beginning with the generation of recombinant human-simian reassortant RVAs with the aid of a helper virus in 2006 and the generation of recombinant animal (simian) RVAs in a helper virus-free manner in 2017, and culminating in the generation of recombinant HuRVAs entirely from plasmid cDNAs in 2019. Notably, the original HuRVA reverse genetics system has already been optimized to increase the efficiency of virus generation. Although the application of HuRVA reverse genetics systems has only just been initiated, these technologies will help to answer HuRVA research questions regarding viral replication and pathogenicity that could not be addressed before, and to develop next-generation vaccines and intestine-specific rotaviral vectors.

scholarly journals Formal Education for Personal and Professional Development: A Case of B.Ed. Female Graduates in Pokhara

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-82
Author(s):  
Roshani Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Professional Development ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Personality Development ◽  
Interdisciplinary Studies ◽  
Historical Background ◽  
Data Collection And Analysis ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Professional Teaching ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Core Part

The paper aims to prove that formal education acquired at university level has its direct relation with the personal and professional development of an individual. For instance, the female graduates of the study area have shown that they are benefitted in their professional teaching and personal life from the knowledge and skill they had acquired during their formal learning. In order to present it lucidly, the paper has been structured in six parts. The introductory part builds the context and states the research questions. It is followed by historical background, which deals with the development of formal education in Nepal; it also includes discrimination against women in education sector. The third part is theoretical discussion that deals with the impact of formal education in enhancing students’ skills and knowledge, problem solving and personality development. The fourth part is about methodology that briefly discusses the methods of data collection and analysis applied for conducting this research and drafting this article. The core part of this article is data analysis in which the collected data have been analyzed and the sixth is the conclusion followed by a list of references.Crossing the Border: International Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies Vol.5(1) 2017: 61-82

scholarly journals La relevancia encubierta del género: las percepciones de los futuros maestros sobre la igualdad y las desigualdades contextuales

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 93
Author(s):  
Gladys Merma Molina ◽  
María Alejandra Ávalos Ramos ◽  
María Ángeles Martínez Ruiz
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Gender Identity ◽  
Future Teachers ◽  
Gender Differentials ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
The University ◽  
Culture Of Gender ◽  
Futuros Maestros

Resumen: Este artículo indaga sobre las percepcionesy las actitudes de los estudiantes, futuros maestros deEducación Infantil, sobre la igualdad de oportunidadesde género. Para ello se han planteado las siguientescuestiones de investigación: ¿Cuál es la visión de losalumnos sobre la igualdad de oportunidades de género?y ¿Qué vivencias relacionadas con la discriminaciónde género dentro y fuera del ámbito universitariomanifiestan haber experimentado los estudiantes? Lametodología cualitativa, utilizada en la investigación,nos ha permitido analizar el pensamiento del alumnadoa través de sus propias voces. Los resultados del estudiomuestran que los estudiantes son conscientes de laimportancia de la igualdad; no obstante, denuncian lapersistencia de creencias estereotipadas y disparidadesespecialmente fuera de la universidad. Aun así, susexpectativas son positivas y apuestan por avanzar enla igualdad de oportunidades fundamentalmente en laformación académica y en el desempeño profesional.Aunque en ocasiones existen ciertas incongruencias entrecómo piensan y actúan, muestran una postura favorablehacia la equidad. Este estudio pone en evidencia que esimportante desarrollar acciones concretas y formalesen la docencia universitaria, ya que una legislaciónfavorable no es suficiente para construir una auténticacultura de género.Palabras clave: igualdad de oportunidades degénero, educación universitaria, identidad de género,diferenciales de géneroCovert Gender Relevance: Perceptions of FutureTeachers on Equality and Contextual InequalitiesAbstract: This article explores the perceptions andattitudes of students, future teachers of elementaryeducation, about equal gender opportunities, on thebasis of the following research questions: What is thevision of the students on equal gender opportunities?And, what experiences related to gender discriminationinside and outside the university have students lived? Thequalitative methodology used in the research has allowedus to analyze the students’ thinking through their ownvoices. The study results show that students are awareof the importance of equality; however, they denouncethe persistence of stereotypical beliefs and disparitiesespecially outside the university. Even so, expectationsare positive and they are committed to advancing equalopportunities mainly in academic and professionalperformance. Although there are some inconsistenciesbetween how they think and act, they show a favorablestance towards equity. This study highlights theimportance of developing concrete and formal action inuniversity teaching because favorable legislation is notenough to build a true culture of gender equity.Keywords: equal gender opportunities, higher education,gender identity, gender differentials

scholarly journals Construction of Gender Identity in Political Discourse

2015 ◽  
pp. 167-172
Author(s):  
E. D. Butsyk
Keyword(s):  
Gender Identity ◽  
Political Communication ◽  
Political Discourse ◽  
Cognitive Linguistics ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Historical Background ◽  
Communicative Interaction ◽  
Masculinity And Femininity ◽  
Object Of Study ◽  
Gender Factor

The article regards the phenomenon of political communication from the perspective of the particularities of constructing gender identity by politicians. As far as the influence of the gender factor on politicians' speech is concerned, the most relevant approach among many others is the discourse approach formed within the paradigm of cognitive linguistics, which considers political discourse as the object of study. The paper deals with the notion of political discourse and examines a hypothesis that gender factor might have a number of manifestations in political communication. It is noted that studying the specificity of constructing gender identity by politicians in discursive practices is becoming a highly topical issue as the importance of female participation in public and political life is growing. Political decision-making has long been considered the prerogativeofmen, but now the necessity of studying the female factor in this sphere is obvious. The author dwells upon the historical background of linguistic gender studies and summarizes the main stages of their development focusing mainly on the theory of the social construction of gender. The founders of this theory advance the thesis that an individual's gender identity is shaped in the process of constructing gender relations in communicative interaction. Further in the article we analyse a few devices of creating the images of masculinity and femininity by famous English and American politicians. As structural components of gender identity, masculinity and femininity turn out to be modifiable parameters depending on the pragmatic attitudes of communicators. Traditional androcentrism of political discourse may account for modifying the female speech style towards masculinity to achieve certain communicative aims.

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