scholarly journals The relationship between sleep disturbance in late pregnancy and labor outcomes

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
Aida Aalrazek ◽  
Gamila Ayoub ◽  
Abdul-Monim Batiha ◽  
Ibtisam Al-Zaru ◽  
Fadwa Alhalaiqa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Disturbance ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Late Pregnancy ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Sleep Quantity ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Sample Technique ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Labor Outcomes

<p><strong>Background</strong>: Inadequate sleep is a common problem among women, in part as a result of a deficiency of information about its influence on health; particularly, the effect of sleep deprivation during pregnancy on labor outcomes (maternal and fetal).</p><p><strong>Objective</strong>: To study the correlations between sleep duration and labor outcomes among women in late pregnancy.</p><p><strong>Method/ Material</strong>: A prospective descriptive study was conducted at four settings in the Menoufiya Governorate of Egypt. A convenience sample technique was used. The study sample involves 200 pregnant women. Data collection extended from April 2013 to January 2014.</p><p><strong>Result:</strong> The results revealed that: a) most of the women in the studied sample (50%) suffered from sleep disturbance in late pregnancy at gestational age above 37 weeks and b) that only 24% suffered sleep disturbance between 28-32 weeks. It takes 30-60 min for majority of the women in the research sample (42.5%) to fall asleep at night; only (10%) take &lt;5 min to fall asleep at night. No significant difference between the total hours of sleep and birth duration was found in this study.</p><p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> The study concluded that healthcare providers should advise women during pregnancy to get adequate sleep duration of at least eight hours and provide prenatal assessments include the sleep quantity and quality because they both affect the duration of labor and type of delivery. </p>

scholarly journals The Relationship Between Alternative Fieldwork Approaches and Student Competence and Confidence for Occupational Therapy in Behavioral Health

2021 ◽  
pp. 21-51
Author(s):  
Kathryn Beckstein ◽  
Elizabeth Britton ◽  
Codee Colby ◽  
Emily Rehmel ◽  
Sara Best
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Occupational Therapy ◽  
Lived Experience ◽  
Behavioral Health ◽  
Instructional Methods ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Therapy Program ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose: The purpose of this case-series study was to assess the relationship between three instructional methods that fall within the parameters of the revised Accreditation Council for Occupational Therapy Education fieldwork objective C.1.9 and perceived student competence and confidence in providing therapy services in a behavioral health setting. Methods: The study included a convenience sample of (n=49) graduate students enrolled in an entry-level Doctor of Occupational Therapy program and a Doctor of Physical Therapy program in the Midwest. The participants attended a presentation on bipolar disorder and were randomly assigned to engage in one of three instructional methods: (a) lived experience academics, (b) problem-based learning, and (c) standardized patients to further learn about bipolar disorder. Results: Analyses revealed no significant interaction effects on competence across instructional methods but did reveal significant main effects of group and time on confidence. Confidence increased across all instructional methods and exhibited a significant difference between the lived experience academics and standardized patient. Significance: The study results demonstrate a need for further research on how to best prepare occupational therapy students for behavioral health settings

scholarly journals The Impact of COVID-19 on Sleep Quality in People Living With Disabilities

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikki Heinze ◽  
Syeda F. Hussain ◽  
Claire L. Castle ◽  
Lauren R. Godier-McBard ◽  
Theofilos Kempapidis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Sleep Disturbance ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
State Anxiety ◽  
People With Disabilities ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Sleep Medication ◽  
Quality Sleep ◽  
The Impact

Background: Research exploring the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on sleep in people with disabilities has been scarce. This study provides a preliminary assessment of sleep in people with disabilities, across two timepoints during the pandemic, with a focus on those with visual impairment (VI).Methods: Two online surveys were conducted between April 2020 and March 2021 to explore sleep quality using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). A convenience sample of 602 participants completed the first survey and 160 completed the follow-up survey.Results: Across both timepoints, participants with disabilities reported significantly poorer global sleep quality and higher levels of sleep disturbance, use of sleep medication and daytime dysfunction than those with no disabilities. Participants with VI reported significantly higher levels of sleep disturbance and use of sleep medication at both timepoints, poorer global sleep quality, sleep duration and latency at time 1, and daytime dysfunction at time 2, than those with no disabilities. Global sleep quality, sleep duration, sleep efficiency, and self-rated sleep quality deteriorated significantly in participants with no disabilities, but daytime dysfunction increased in all three groups. Disability and state anxiety were significant predictors of sleep quality across both surveys.Conclusion: While sleep was consistently poorer in people with disabilities such as VI, it appears that the COVID-19 pandemic has had a greater impact on sleep in people with no disabilities. State anxiety and, to a lesser extent, disability, were significant predictors of sleep across both surveys, suggesting the need to address anxiety in interventions targeted toward improving sleep.

scholarly journals 1093 Population-level Suicide Ideation: Impact Of Combined Roles Of Sleep Duration, Sleep Disturbance, And Daytime Sleepiness

SLEEP ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A416-A416
Author(s):  
A Jajoo ◽  
A Tubbs ◽  
M L Perlis ◽  
S Chakravorty ◽  
A Seixas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Disturbance ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Depressed Mood ◽  
Suicide Ideation ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
The Past ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Falling Asleep ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Introduction Poor sleep has been shown to be related to suicide ideation and depressed mood, but population-level studies have not been done to explore the specific issues within sleep that effect mood, specifically leading to suicide ideation. Methods Data from adults 18 and older in the 2015-2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) who provided complete data were used (N=5,123). Suicide ideation was recorded as the presence of thinking that “you would be better off dead” in the past 2 weeks. Sleep duration was recorded in half-hour increments and transformed to represent absolute distance from 7 hours (to model u-shaped association). Sleep disturbance was recorded as presence of “difficulty falling asleep, staying asleep, or sleeping too much” non, several days, or more than half the days of the past 2 weeks. Sleepiness was frequency feeling “overly sleepy during the day” in the past 12 months. Covariates included age, sex, race/ethnicity, and presence of depressed mood in the past 2 weeks. Additional impact of difficulty thinking/concentrating in the past 2 weeks was explored. NHANES sample weights were used in analyses. Results In adjusted analyses, increase likelihood of suicide ideation was associated with distance from 7hrs (OR=1.24/hr, p=0.008), sleep difficulties most of the time (OR=2.46, p=0.001), but not sleepiness. When both sleep variables were adjusted for each other, results remained significant for U-shaped sleep duration (OR=1.21/hr, p=0.02) and sleep disturbance (OR=2.31, p=0.003). These were attenuated but remained significant when difficulty thinking/concentrating was introduced; a significant sobel test (p&lt;0.0001) suggested partial mediation, with this variable accounting for approximately 13% of the variance of the relationship to sleep. Conclusion In the population, improper and poor sleep was associated with a greater risk of suicide ideation. Support Dr. Grandner is supported by R01MD011600

Self-Control and Credit-Card Use among College Students

2003 ◽  
Vol 92 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1067-1078 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phylis M. Mansfield ◽  
Mary Beth Pinto ◽  
Diane H. Parente
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Credit Card ◽  
Credit Cards ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Control Scale ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Traditional Age ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Credit Card Use

This study assessed the relationship between sell-control and credit-card use with a convenience sample of 165 traditional-age college students of whom 69 (42%) were women. Students' self-control was measured on Grasmick, et al.'s Self-control Scale, which has six subscales, one of which is Impulsivity. Comparisons were made between those students who paid their cards off each month, called convenience users, and those who carried a monthly balance forward on scores on total self-control and impulsivity, and number of credit cards possessed. A significant difference in self-control scores was found between these two groups and also for mean impulsivity scores. Significantly fewer credit cards were possessed by students who paid their cards off each month than by those who carried a monthly balance.

scholarly journals Assessment of obesity and central obesity among patients with knee osteoarthritis in Al-Sadder Hospital, Baghdad, Iraq

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-117
Author(s):  
Berq J. Hadi Al-Yasseri ◽  
Ayad Ali Radi ◽  
Mohammed Abdul Ridha Abbas
Keyword(s):  
Knee Osteoarthritis ◽  
Risk Ratio ◽  
Central Obesity ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Relationship

Background: Obese individuals are at increased risk for many chronic and life-threating conditions. The most significant burden on the musculoskeletal system resulted from osteoarthritis, mainly knee osteoarthritis. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of obesity and central obesity among a group of patients with knee osteoarthritis, analyze the effect of demographic variables, and examine the relationship between these two types of obesity. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Al-Sadder hospital in Baghdad from June through September 2017. A convenience sample of 200 patients with knee osteoarthritis was collected. Those with body mass index (BMI) equal to or more than (30 kg/m2) considered obese. The cutoff point for central obesity was the waist-hip ratio (WHR) above (0.9) for men and above (0.85) for women. The risk ratio and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) calculated to determine the strength of the relationship. P-value ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant.  Results: The number of obese patients, according to BMI, was 163 (81.5%). For central obesity, the men and women with unhealthy WHR were 53 (96.4%) and 131 (10.3%), respectively. No significant difference in the rate of obesity among age groups (p= 0.986). Central obesity is significantly lower in those less than 45 years (p=0.023). In men, the risk of obese to have central obesity is (1.06) with no significant association (95% CI = 0.89 - 1.27, P = 0.481). In women, risk ratio = 1.56 and association is significant (95% CI = 1.03 - 1.36, P = 0.037). Conclusion: The increasing age was associated with a rise in the rate of central obesity, but not with obesity. The overlap between the two types of obesity was evident and significant only in women.

scholarly journals Association between Sleep duration and Incidence of type 2 Diabetes in China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongzhou Liu ◽  
Anping Wang ◽  
Junping Wen ◽  
Yimin Mu ◽  
Jingtao Dou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Male Body ◽  
Night Sleep ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Long Sleep ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Objective: We assess the relationship between night sleep duration and the incidence of type 2 diabetes in China.Methods: We used logistic regression models to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the incidence of type 2 diabetes among 11,539 participants at baseline from the REACTION cohort.Results: Compared to people who sleep for 7-8 h/night, people with a longer sleep duration (≥9 hours/night) had a greater risk of type 2 diabetes (hazard ratio [OR] 1.27; 95% confidence interval [CI]1.01–1.61), while shorter sleep (<6 h/night) had no significant difference. When the dataset was stratified based on selected covariates, the association between type 2 diabetes and long sleep duration became more evident among individuals < 65 years of age, male, body mass index<24 or with hypertension or hyperlipidemia, no interaction effects were observed. Furthermore, compared to people persistently sleeping 7–9 h/night, those who persistently slept ≥9 h/night had a higher risk of type 2 diabetes. The optimal sleep duration was 6.3-7.5 h/night.Conclusion: Short or Long sleep duration were associated with a high risk of type 2 diabetes. Persistently long sleep duration increased the risk. The optimal sleep duration was 6.3-7.5 hours/night.

Personality Traits and Sleep Patterns/problems in Medical Students

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
B.R. Maia ◽  
M.J. Soares ◽  
A. Gomes ◽  
M. Marques ◽  
A.T. Pereira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Sleep Disturbance ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Sleep Patterns ◽  
Sleep Timing ◽  
Sleep Medication ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Inadequate Sleep

Aim:This study examines the relationship between the personality traits of Neuroticism and Extroversion and sleep patterns and others sleep behaviours in medical students.Method:Neuroticism and Extroversion were assessed using the Portuguese version of the Eysenck Personality Inventory. Sleep was assessed with a self-response questionnaire covering a wide range of sleep-wake habits and difficulties. A factor analysis with varimax rotation was performed with seventeen items of the questionnaire and four factors were extracted: Sleep Disturbance, Sleep Timing, Insufficient Sleep and Dreams/Nightmares. A total of 203 third year medical students (127 females, 62.6%) mean age 20.01 (SD=1.09; Range=18-24) participated in the study.Results:There were no significant gender differences in Neuroticism and Extroversion mean scores (Neuroticism: p=.454; Extroversion: p=.891). Extroversion was significantly correlated with Sleep Timing (p=.000), whereasthere was a trend for Neuroticism to be associated with Sleep Disturbance (p=.095). Concerning the relationship of Neuroticism and Extroversion mean scores with other Sleep problems, Neuroticism was found associated with concentration difficulties in the morning (p=.006), inadequate sleep duration (p=.001), sleep problems (p=.012), and use of sleep medication (p=.052). No significant associations were found with Extroversion.Conclusion:Neuroticism was significantly associated with sleep problems, use of sleep medication, inadequate sleep duration, and concentration difficulties in the morning. Extroversion was correlated only with later Sleep Timing.

scholarly journals AWARENESS AND ATTITUDE TOWARDS STROKE AND ITS PREVENTION AMONG HYPERTENSIVE AND NON-HYPERTENSIVE PEOPLE

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
Sreejesh Kp ◽  
Athira Ks ◽  
Athira Ks ◽  
Heydey Green M J ◽  
Heydey Green M J
Keyword(s):  
Educational Level ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
High Risk Group ◽  
Attitude Score ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Sample Technique ◽  
Educational Need ◽  
Descriptive Survey

 Objectives: objectives of the study are to compare the awareness and and attitude towards stroke and its prevention among hypertensives and non-hypertensives and compare the awareness and attitude towards stroke and its prevention among hypertensives and Non-hypertensives (2) to find out the association between the awareness and attitude toward stroke and its prevention with selected demographic variables among hypertensives and non -hypertensives.Methods: Descriptive survey design was adopted for the study. Convenience sample technique was used to select 70 hypertensive and 70 non-hypertensive people at 1st and 2nd ward of Nayarambalam Panchayat, Ernakulam, Kerala. The data collection tool consists of a structured questionnaire to identify demographic data and awareness about stroke and prevention and five-point Likert scale to assess attitude toward stroke and its prevention. The datum was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics.Results: Even though the mean awareness score of non hypertensives (11.9714) was relatively higher than the hypertensives (11.6286) there was no significant difference between them. Similarly, mean attitude score of hypertensive people (32.0286) was relatively higher than the non-hypertensive people (30.929) there was no significant difference between. There was significant association found between educational level of non-hypertensive people and awareness regarding stroke and its prevention and educational level of hypertensive people and attitude toward stroke and its prevention.Conclusion: In conclusion of this study result shows that awareness regarding stroke and its prevention was average even among hypertensives so intense educational need for high-risk group.

scholarly journals Scoring clinical competencies of learners: A quantitative descriptive study

2011 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nomasonto B.D. Magobe ◽  
Sonya Beukes ◽  
Ann Müller
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Teaching ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Ordinal Scale ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Clinical Competencies ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Quantitative Descriptive ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire

This article reports the correlation between different clinical assessors’ scoring of learners’ clinical competencies in order to exclude any possible extraneous variables with regard to reasons for poor clinical competencies of learners. A university in Gauteng, South Africa provides a learning programme that equips learners with clinical knowledge, skills and values in the assessment, diagnosis, treatment and care of patients presenting at primary health care (PHC) facilities. The researcher observed that, despite additional clinical teaching and guidance, learners still obtained low scores in clinical assessments at completion of the programme. This study sought to determine possible reason(s) for this observation. The objectives were to explore and describe the demographic profile of learners and the correlation between different clinical assessors’ scoring of learners. A purposive convenience sample consisted of learners (n = 34) and clinical assessors (n = 6). Data were collected from learners using a self-administered questionnaire and analysed using a nominal and ordinal scale measurement. Data from clinical assessors were collected using a checklist, which was statistically analysed using a software package. The variables were correlated to determine the nature of the relationship between the different clinical assessors’ scores on the checklist to ensure inter-rater reliability. Findings showed that there was no significant difference in the mean of the scoring of marks between clinical assessors after correlation (p < 0.05). Thus, scoring of marks did not contribute to poor clinical competencies exhibited by learners.OpsommingHierdie artikel beskryf die ondersoek na die korrelasie tussen verskillende kliniese assesseerders se puntetoekenning tydens assessering van leerders se kliniese vaardighede ten einde enige moontlike vreemde veranderlikes met betrekking tot redes vir swak prestasie uit te skakel. ʼn Universiteit in Gauteng, Suid-Afrika bied ʼn leerprogram aan wat leerders toerus met kliniese kennis, vaardighede en waardes in die beraming, diagnose, behandeling en sorg van pasiënte in primêre gesondheidsorgfasiliteite (PGS). Die navorser het waargeneem dat, ten spyte van addisionele kliniese onderrig en begeleiding, leerders steeds teen die einde van die program lae punte in kliniese evaluasies behaal het. Die studie het die moontlik rede(s) vir hierdie waarneming ondersoek. Die doel van die studie was om die demografiese profiel van leerders, sowel as die korrelasie van die puntetoekenning deur verskillende kliniese assesseerders, te verken en te beskryf. ʼn Doelbewuste gerieflikheidsteekproef het uit leerders (n = 34) en kliniese beoordelaars (n = 6) bestaan. Data is versamel deur leerders individueel ʼn vraelys te laat voltooi. Hierdie data is met behulp van ʼn nominale en rangorde-skaal geanaliseer. Kliniese assesseerders het ʼn kontrolelys voltooi en data is met behulp van ʼn statistiese sagtewarepakket geanaliseer. Die veranderlikes is vergelyk om die aard van die verhouding tussen die verskillende kliniese assesseerders se tellings op die kontrolelys te bepaal. Dit is gedoen om interbeoordeelaarbetroubaarheid te verseker. Resultate het getoon dat daar geen statisties beduidende verskille tussen die gemiddelde puntetoekenning van verskillende kliniese assesseerders bestaan het na korrelasie nie (p < 0.05). Die puntetoekenning het dus nie tot die swak kliniese vaardighede van die leerders bygedra nie.

Relationship between Thyroglobulin and Tumor Detectabilily with Thallium-201 in Differentiated Thyroid Cancer

2000 ◽  
Vol 39 (01) ◽  
pp. 10-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. P. Müller ◽  
Ch. Reiners ◽  
A. Bockisch ◽  
Katja Brandt-Mainz
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Differentiated Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Roc Analysis ◽  
Tsh Suppression ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Test Specificity ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Tumor Scintigraphy ◽  
Tsh Stimulation

Summary Aim: Tumor scintigraphy with 201-TICI is an established diagnostic method in the follow-up of differentiated thyroid cancer. We investigated the relationship between thyroglobulin (Tg) level and tumor detectability. Subject and methods: We analyzed the scans of 122 patients (66 patients with proven tumor). The patient population was divided into groups with Tg above (N = 33) and below (N = 33) 5 ng/ml under TSH suppression or above (N = 33) and below (N = 33) 50 ng/ml under TSH stimulation. Tumor detectability was compared by ROC-analysis (True-Positive-Fraction test, specificity 90%). Results: There was no significant difference (sensitivity 75% versus 64%; p = 0.55) for patients above and below 5 ng/ml under TSH suppression and a just significant difference (sensitivity 80% versus 58%; p = 0.04) for patients above and below 50 ng/ml under TSH stimulation. In 18 patients from our sample with tumor, Tg under TSH suppression was negative, but 201-TICI-scan was able to detect tumor in 12 patients. Conclusion: Our results demonstrate only a moderate dependence of tumor detectability on Tg level, probably without significant clinical relevance. Even in patients with slight Tg elevation 201-TICI scintigraphy is justified.

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