scholarly journals Between the Influence of Customary, Dutch, and Islamic Law: Jaksa Pepitu and Their Place in Cirebon Sultanate History

2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-142
Author(s):  
Tendi Tendi ◽  
Djoko Marihandono ◽  
Abdurakhman Abdurakhman
Keyword(s):  
Research Methodology ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Historical Research ◽  
Narrative Approach ◽  
Legal Institution ◽  
Political Dynamics ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Law

The field of law is an interesting matter in the study of Indonesian history. The meddling of the various elements of culture and tradition due to political dynamics and power in the nation’s history, making law in Indonesia one type of hybrid entity. The interference of the law was not only seen from its legal products, but also from the bodies given the responsibility to enforce the law at that time. One of the prosecutors’ agency that had existed in the past was Jaksa Pepitu. This study aims to reveal the origins of the Jaksa Pepitu, elaborate on their works in the field of law in Cirebon environment, and describe the legal influences that contributed to the color of this collegial council. By way of historical research methodology and narrative approach, it can be seen that the prosecutor’s council is the agency essential in the practice of law. They were linked to Cirebon princes and  can be appointed through VOC approval. In addition, the actions of the prosecutors can be seen from the position, independence, and authority they have. The various things surrounding the Jaksa Pepitu indicate that it is legal institution influenced by customary, Western and Islamic laws. [Bidang hukum menjadi hal yang menarik dalam kajian sejarah Indonesia. Percampuran pelbagai unsur budaya dan tradisi akibat adanya dinamika politik dan kekuasaan dalam perjalanan bangsa, membuat hukum di Indonesia menjadi salah satu jenis hukum yang bersifat hybrid. Percampuran hukum itu tidak hanya dilihat dari produk hukum yang dihasilkan, namun juga dapat ditelisik dari badan yang diberi tanggung jawab untuk menegakkan hukum pada masa itu. Salah satu badan jaksa yang pernah eksis di masa lalu adalah Jaksa Pepitu. Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengungkapkan asal muasal Jaksa Pepitu, menguraikan kiprahnya dalam bidang hukum di lingkungan Cirebon, dan mendeskripsikan pengaruh-pengaruh hukum yang turut memberi warna dewan kolegial ini. Dengan metodologi penelitian sejarah dan pendekatan naratif yang dilakukan, dapat diketahui bahwa dewan jaksa itu merupakan badan penanggung jawab bidang hukum. Mereka memiliki keterkaitan dengan para pangeran Cirebon dan dapat diangkat dengan persetujuan VOC. Selain itu, kiprah para jaksa ini dapat dilihat dari posisi, independensi, dan wewenang yang mereka miliki. Adapun pelbagai hal yang mengitari Jaksa Pepitu menunjukkan bahwa mereka ini adalah badan yang dipengaruhi oleh hukum adat, Barat, dan Islam.]

scholarly journals TINJAUAN ‘URF TERHADAP BUDAYA EKONOMI DALAM USAHA FOTOKOPI PERANTAU MINANGKABAU DI YOGYAKARTA

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
Mahlil Bunaiya ◽  
Delvy Hamzah ◽  
Mawaddatul Ulfa
Keyword(s):  
Research Methodology ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Descriptive Research ◽  
The Past ◽  
Economic Support ◽  
Economic Culture ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
The Law ◽  
The City

One of the efforts to meet the needs of the Minangkabau people that they achieve is through migration, as in the economic culture of Minangkabau immigrants from Nagari Atar Batusangkar, Padang Gantiang District, Tanah Datar Regency. About 99% of the imigrants were found in the field involved in Photo Copying businesses scattered in the city of Yogyakarta. The hope is that people's behavior in fulfilling the economy can continue to run well and in accordance with Islamic law. This study aims to explain how Urf's review of the economic culture of Minangkabau migrants in Yogyakarta using a qualitative descriptive research methodology. The results of the study conclude several things, among others: First, according to records in 2015 the number of Minangkabau residents in Yogyakarta reached 10,000 people or around 350 families, and those who run photocopy businesses are 80 families or 155 tablets. Second, the Economic Culture in the photocopy of the Minangkabu Community in Yogyakarta is referred to as 'Urf in Islamic law, because it fulfills several conditions' Urf and the law is mubah. Third, related to economic culture can furthermore be one of the studies that offers siding to the local community's economy which has basically been an economic support since the past in an effort to promote life, as well as' Urf which can then be used as a method and source of Islamic law in its development. economy because it conforms to Islamic principles.

scholarly journals اسلامی تصورِ احتساب اور عدلیہ پر اس کا اطلاق

Al-Duhaa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (02) ◽  
pp. 67-80
Author(s):  
Kh. Awais Ahmed Khawaja ◽  
Muhammad Arif Khan ◽  
Dr.Uzma Begum
Keyword(s):  
Significant Role ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
The State ◽  
Islamic History ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Right

Accountability has a very significant role in Islamic law. The process of accountability is very important for the amelioration of the state, society, family, and individual in the world. Some orders are issued for rectification and some matters are ordered to be avoided. The execution of these prohibited acts leads to accountability in society. Furthermore, many people are given powers to carry out the affairs of the state, the misuse of which can lead to great catastrophe. Hence, it is very critical to hold accountable those who hold these positions from time to time. One of these influential positions is that of the judiciary to which the Islamic concept of accountability is very substantial. Now the question is, what is the concept of accountability in Islam? And what was the exercise of accountability of the judiciary in the Qur'an and Hadith and Islamic history? This matter will be discussed in this manuscript. This research will refer to the introduction of accountability using authoritative citations to illustrate the Islamic concept of accountability, its sources, and strategies. How did accountability apply to the judiciary in Islamic history? Specimens are also included in this study and will be discussed. The importance of this research and its results will be disclosed in the conclusion. We will know that Islamic law has comprehensive laws of accountability, and how this sector has been kept on the right track by applying the law of accountability to the judiciary in the past.

scholarly journals The Influence of Classical Interpretation on the Law of Guarantees in the United Arab Emirates

2008 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 335-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suhaimi Ab Rahman
Keyword(s):  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Muslim World ◽  
Legal Principles ◽  
The Past ◽  
Profound Influence ◽  
The World ◽  
The Law

During the past four decades, the world has awakened with the reassertion of Islamic law in the Muslim world. At this point, the reassertion also means the embedment of classical interpretations in modern law as they are regarded as part of Islamic law. The question that arises is how far these classical interpretations bind modern legislators and to what extent, if any, classical interpretations influence the development of modern legal principles. This article seeks to clarify these issues through the examination of the law of guarantees in the United Arab Emirates. Both classical and modern legal sources of the United Arab Emirates have been examined for the above purpose. The study demonstrates that classical interpretation has a profound influence in the development of the law of guarantees in the United Arab Emirates.

scholarly journals The Rights and Obligations of Spouses in Islamic Classic Law

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 183
Author(s):  
Dr.Sc. Juelda Lamçe
Keyword(s):  
Legal System ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Common Law ◽  
Civil Law ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Past ◽  
Parent Relationship ◽  
The Law

Islamic Law, the third largest global legal system, next to Civil Law and Common Law, has been far -back subject of an increased interest to the academics.  Its main peculiarity is the absorption of theology in the law. There is no clear borderline between juridical and religious regulation. For this reason it is important to understand how certain legal institutes where regulated in the past. In fact, Islamic classic law despite its later evolution is considered the most authoritative legal source, because closest to the Divine Revelation.With regard to the rights and obligations of spouses, they’re conceived in terms of complementary, while their equality is interpreted in terms of moral and spiritual rights and obligations. In order to better comprehend their rights and obligations, it is necessary to analyze the different roles of gender inside the Islamic family.Given the premises, this paper will focus on specific rights and obligations between spouses and with regard to the child-parent relationship. In particular, it will treat the meaning of the supremacy or authority of the man to the woman; the rights and obligations that they have towards the children born in and out of wedlock; the questions on the practice of the polygyny.

scholarly journals [Influence Of Women In Th Establishment] Pengaruh Wanita Dalam Penentuan Hukum Syarak

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 21-32
Author(s):  
Siti Fatimah Binti Salleh
Keyword(s):  
Islamic Law ◽  
Islamic Studies ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Law

The influence of women in the establishment of Shariah law covering aspects of ability, qualifications, ability, determination,contribution and others which represent that women also played a role in the implementation of Islamic law. Shariah in its universal and flexible nature does not marginalize women in making or evaluating of the law. The objective of this paper is to discuss the influence of women in the establishment of Islamic law. The methodology used is based on the classical book of turath and contemporary Islamic studies covering fiqh, hadith and tafsir. The findings of the study show that women do have a role in the determination of Islamic law since in the past until the modern days.   Keywords: women, the influence of women, women and law, the determination of legislation.

scholarly journals Hukum waris dalam kompilasi hukum Islam perspektif filsafat hukum

TERAJU ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (01) ◽  
pp. 9-20
Author(s):  
Maylissabet Maylissabet
Keyword(s):  
Islamic Law ◽  
Adoptive Parents ◽  
Philosophy Of Law ◽  
Adopted Child ◽  
Inheritance Law ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Law

Abstrak Hukum Waris Islam adalah hukum yang mengatur peninggalan harta seseorang yang telah meninggal dunia dan diberikan kepada yang berhak. Indonesia mempunyai Kompilasi Hukum Islam yang mengatur hukum waris Islam, yang berisi pembahasan tentang ahli waris dan bagian warisan. Di dalam Kompilasi Hukum Islam terdapat beberapa pembaharuan hukum waris yang belum ada pada masa sebelumnya, seperti pembagian harta waris untuk anak angkat, orang tua angkat, dan ahli waris non-muslim. Hal ini menjadikan penulis merasa tertarik untuk mengkaji lebih dalam hukum waris Islam dalam Kompilasi Hukum Islam dengan menggunakan kacamata filsafat hukum. Hukum Kewarisan Indonesia menggunakan mazhab hukum sosiologi. Mazhab hukum sosiologi sesuai dengan keadaan masyarakat karena sangat mempertimbangkan adat yang ada di masyarakat.   Kata kunci: Hukum Waris, Kompilasi Hukum Islam, Filsafat Hukum.   Abstrac Islamic Inheritance Law is a law that regulates heritage treasure someone who has passed away and given to the beneficiary. Indonesia has set the Compilation of Islamic Law Islamic law of inheritance, such as heirs and inheritance. In the Compilation of Islamic Law, there are several updates to the law of inheritance that do not have in the past, such as the division of the estate for the adopted child, the adoptive parents, and non-Muslim heirs. It makes the writer feel compelled to study deeper the Islamic law of inheritance in Islamic Law Compilation by using glasses philosophy of law. Indonesian Inheritance Law uses a school of sociology law. The school of sociology law is in accordance with the conditions of the community because it takes into account the existing customs in the community.   Keywords: Law of Inheritance, Islamic Law Compilation, Philosophy of Law.

scholarly journals Legitimasi Hukum Pemberlakuan Syari’at Islam di Aceh: Tinjauan Yuridis, Sosiologis dan Filosofis

ULUMUNA ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-78
Author(s):  
M Jafar
Keyword(s):  
Islamic Law ◽  
Philosophical Foundation ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
The Past ◽  
Sharia Law ◽  
Aceh Province ◽  
Present Context ◽  
The Law ◽  
Historical Past ◽  
The Way

The glory of Aceh Darussalam Kingdom in the past cannot be separated from the complete application of Islamic Sharia (kāffah) as the way of life in Aceh. Reflecting the historical past, the implementation of Sharia in Aceh in the present context is absolutely necessary. However, today's enforcement must refer to the three foundations, namely judicial, sociological, and philosophical. The most fundamental of juridical basis is the Constitution of 1945 (UUD 1945) Chapter XI on Religion and paragraph 2 of Article 29, new amendment of Article 18A paragraph 1 and Article 18B paragraph 1. The implementing of Sharia law in Aceh began with the birth law No. 44/1999 regarding the Implementation Features Special of Aceh Province, then refined by law No. 18/2001 on Special Autonomy for Aceh Province as Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam province. Then it is continued by the Law Number 11/2006 on the Governing of Aceh (UUPA). The sociological ground is majority Muslim of Acehnese can receive all the products based on Islamic Sharia law. The philosophical foundation, Islamic law, should be enforced based on the Qur'an and Hadith recommended preserving religion, life, property, lineage, and resourceful. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.20414/ujis.v19i1.1250

scholarly journals The Role of Wasi in the Administration of Minor’s Property under Provisions of Islamic law in Malaysia (Peranan Wasi Dalam Pentadbiran Harta Kanak-Kanak di bawah Peruntukan Undang-Undang Islam di Malaysia)

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 170-183
Author(s):  
Badruddin Hj Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Research Methodology ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Legal Authority ◽  
Legal Provisions ◽  
Qualitative Research Methodology ◽  
The Law ◽  
And Control

This paper deals with the role of wasi in the administration of minor’s property under the provision of codified Islamic law in Malaysia. The focus of the discussion is on the power of wasi in managing minor’s property under his legal authority. The question is: To what extent the provision of the Islamic law that is codified in Malaysia prescribes the duties and powers of wasi in relation to the management of minor’s property? Further, what is the safeguard that has been taken by the legal provisions in order to ensure that the minor’s property is well managed and is not infringed and embezzled by the wasi? The research adopts qualitative research methodology which focuses on an examination of the statutory provisions on the role of wasi, including his duties and powers and control in the administration of minor’s property. The paper also discusses the appointment of wasi, his position and his condition in administering minor’s property and the situation where the wasi is removed from his office. It is found that there is the inadequacy of the law in relation to the role of wasi in the administration of minor’s property. In addition to that, some provisions require further clarification and elaboration. Finally, the research found that there are still rooms for improvement with regards to codified Islamic law relating to the role of wasi in the administration of minor’s property.  Keywords: Wasi, Administration, Minor’s property, Islamic law, Malaysia.    Abstrak Kertas kerja ini adalah berkaitan dengan peranan wasi dalam pentadbiran harta kanak-kanak di bawah peruntukan undang-undang Islam yang dibukukan di Malaysia. Fokus perbincangan adalah tentang kuasa wasi dalam menguruskan harta kanak-kanak di bawah pengawasan undang-undang seorang wasi. Persoalannya, sejauh manakah peruntukan Undang-undang Islam yang telah dibukukan di Malaysia menggariskan tugas-tugas dan kuasa wasi berkaitan dengan pengurusan harta kanak-kanak. Seterusnya, apakah perlindungan yang diambil oleh peruntukan undang-undang untuk memastikan harta kanak-kanak diuruskan dengan baik dan tidak dilanggar dan diselewengkan oleh wasi. Penyelidikan ini menggunakan kaedah penyelidikan kualitatif yang memfokuskan kepada kajian peruntukan undang-undang tentang peranan wasi termasuklah tugas-tugas dan kuasa wasiserta pengawalannya di dalam pentadbiran harta kanak-kanak. Kertas kerja ini juga membincangkan tentang perlantikan wasi, kedudukan serta syarat-syarat dalam mentadbir harta kanak-kanak serta keadaan bilamana wasi dilucutkan dari jawatannya. Hasil penyelidikan mendapati bahawa peruntukan undang-undang yang ada adalah tidak mencukupi dalam mentadbir harta kanak-kanak. Sebagai tambahan, terdapat juga peruntukan undang-undang yang memerlukan penjelasan dan penerangan. Akhirnya, penyelidikan ini mendapati masih ada ruang untuk penambahbaikan bagi peruntukan undang-undang Islam yang telah dibukukan berkaitan dengan pentadbiran harta kanak-kanak. Kata Kunci: Wasi, Pentadbiran, Harta kanak-kanak, Undang-undang Islam, Malaysia.

scholarly journals Mudharabah Hasil Pertanian Di Tinjau Dari Undang Undang Dan Hukum Islam

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
Jannahar Saddam Ash Shidiqie
Keyword(s):  
Islamic Law ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Profit Sharing ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Crop Failure ◽  
Common System ◽  
The Past ◽  
Bargaining Position ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Law

<p>This research aims to analyze the implementation of profit sharing agreement for paddy field in Gamping Sub-district using Law No. 2 of 1960 and Islamic Law. The conclusion of this study are: The implementation of profit sharing agreement for paddy fields in Gamping Sub-district is not fully in accordance with the Law No. 2 of 1960 and the Islamic law. The agreement of profit sharing in Gamping Sub-district in general is conducted orally, based on trust, and without any witnesses. The balance of profit sharing used in general is "maro" (½ part for sharecroppers and ½ part for owner) with all the production costs borne by the sharecroppers. In the event of crop failure, it becomes the risk borne by the sharecroppers. The crop yields reaching specific nisab or limit in general are not directly paid for the zakat. The obstacles to implement the Law No. 2 of 1960 and the Islamic Law in Gamping Sub-district are because there is no socialization from any parties related to Law No. 2 of 1960 and the Islamic Law in agricultural cooperation, here is hereditary habit, the owners and sharecroppers do not want to use complicated procedure, the owners have been good enough and fair with the common system used, and the sharecroppers accept the habit in force although they feel that it is hard and unfair. The bargaining position between the owner and sharecroppers at Gamping Sub-district is devided into three phases: in the past, the number of sharecroppers was more than the number of owner; currently, the number of sharecroppers is declining; and in the future, the sharecroppers  will be lesser than the number of owner so these will increase  the bargaining position of the sharecroppers (it is the answer to implement Law No.2 of 1960 and Islamic Law<strong>.</strong></p>

TINJAUAN HUKUM FIKIH TERHADAP HADIAH TABUNGAN DAN GIRO DARI BANK SYARI'AH

ALQALAM ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Muhammad Nadratuzzaman Hosen ◽  
Deden Misbahudin Muayyad
Keyword(s):  
Islamic Law ◽  
Islamic Banks ◽  
Islamic Bank ◽  
Literature Reviews ◽  
The Gift ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Law

This article explains about the Islamic law of gift from Bank to customers related to saving and gyro accounts of Islamic Bank. The Islamic Banks give gift directly  and  indirectly  to  new  ettstomers  and  old  customers  through drawing  (qur'ah) or lottery and non-drawing. There are disputes (ikhtilaf) among Islamic Law  Experts (Fuqaha’) about the status of law when Islamic Banks give the gift. Hanafi and  Syafi'i  Schools  of thought  opined  that  the gift  can  be given  to  the customers as long as there is no agreement between bank and costomers meanwhile the banks still have a debt to consumers, this is permissible. Maliki and Hanbali schools opined that the gift is not permissible during the time of borrowing and lending. Majority Islamic Exsperts allow to give gift after banks have already paid­ back the debt to consumers as long as there is no agreement between bank and cusiomers, but Maliki School do not allow lo give gift at that condition. Also, for giving gift should free from gambling or elements of gambling (muqamarah).  The method of this article is using literature reviews from classical Islamic Law's books and contemporary Islamic law's books related to drawing or lottery and gambling, meanwhile the aims if this mticle are to investigate the law status if gift from bank to new customers and old customers with direct and indirect ways.   Keywords : gift, saving and gyro accounts, disputes, drawing and elements of gambling

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