scholarly journals LABORATORY DIAGNOSTICS OF MALE INFERTILITY. BIOMARKERS AND METHODS. Part II

2021 ◽  
pp. 65-79
Author(s):  
Zh. Yu. Sapozhkova ◽  
G. A. Milovanova ◽  
O. I. Patsap
Keyword(s):  
Male Infertility ◽  
Current Situation ◽  
Laboratory Diagnostics ◽  
Invasive Procedures ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Male Accessory Glands ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Accessory Glands ◽  
Mucus Membrane ◽  
Work List

The new paradigm have been arise concerning to samples, markers and methods for assessment of male infertility. Nowadays, a sample “semen” and “sperm sediment” take a key role in examination and management of the subfertile couple. The advantages of sample “semen” such as non-invasive painless procedure as well as the wider range of diagnostic findings by number of methods (cytology, molecular and cultural) highlight the increasly importance of this diagnostic approach in comparison with conventional ones – prostate secretion and urethral scraping which obtained by invasive procedures – by massage and damaging a mucus membrane, respectively. According to the Russian register this review also presents the current situation with the work list of kits and devices for assessment of male infertility and inflammatory of male accessory glands.

scholarly journals Docosahexaenoic acid in the treatment of male infertility caused by high sperm DNA fragmentation

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 89-97
Author(s):  
I. V. Vinogradov ◽  
A. R. Zhivulko
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Docosahexaenoic Acid ◽  
Male Infertility ◽  
Dna Fragmentation ◽  
Sperm Dna Fragmentation ◽  
Sperm Dna Damage ◽  
Male Accessory Glands ◽  
Accessory Glands ◽  
Sperm Dna ◽  
High Level

Introduction. Antioxidant supplementation therapy continues to be the main treatment for male infertility associated with high level of sperm DNA damage. Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is one of the most promising components of antioxidant supplementation therapy. It also has anti-inflammatory properties that makes it interesting for treatment of patients with high level of sperm DNA damage and inflammation in male accessory glands.Materials and methods.One hundred and seventeen (117) infertile patients with high level of sperm DNA damage were recruited for this randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled study. Semen analysis, MAR-test, SCD test and sperm cryotolerance test were performed to all patients. Subjects were divided into 2 groups with high (>1 mln / ml) and low (<1 mln / ml) semen leucocyte concertation and then randomized into 2 subgroups of active treatment and 2 placebo subgroups. The active treatment subgroups received 1470 mg / day of DHA for 3 months. The placebo group received placebo for the same period. Laboratory tests were repeated after the treatment course had been finished.Results. Statistically significant increase in motility (42 % (25–61 %) vs 25 % (15–47 %), p <0.05), vitality (73 % (63–81 %) vs 41 % (35–64 %), p <0.05), decrease in sperm DNA fragmentation level (21 % (12–28 %) vs 33 % (25–39 %), p <0.05) and leucocyte concentration (1 million / ml (0.7–1.7 million / ml) vs 1,5 million / ml (1.1–2.1 million / ml), p <0.05) were observed in the subgroup with male accessory glands inflammation after treatment. Motility (15 % (8–19 %) vs 8 % (5–11 %), p <0.05) and vitality (37 % (25–46 %) vs 24 % (17–40 %), p <0.05) in this subgroup after a sperm cryotolerance test increased as well. In the subgroup with low semen leucocyte concertation statistically significant increase in motility (43 % (27–63 %) vs 34 % (21–54 %), p <0.05), vitality (77 % (66–85 %) vs 65 % (54.5–76.0 %), p <0.05) and decrease of sperm DNA fragmentation level (9 % (5.5–20.0 %) vs 25 % (18–33 %), p <0.05) were observed. DHA supplementation also resulted in statistically significant increase in motility (17 % (10–23 %) vs 6 % (5.0–10.5 %), p <0.05) and vitality (41 % (32.5–53.0 %) vs 37 % (30–49 %), p <0.05) after a sperm cryotolerance test in that subgroup.Conclusion. DHA supplementation therapy increases motility, vitality, sperm cryotolerance and decreases sperm DNA fragmentation regardless of the presence of an inflammatory process in male accessory glands.

scholarly journals Male Accessory Glands Infections: Mechanisms of Influence on Male Fertility

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 43-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. V. Vinogradov ◽  
A. R. Zhivulko ◽  
S. V. Korolev
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Male Infertility ◽  
Male Fertility ◽  
Chronic Prostatitis ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
Semen Parameters ◽  
Free Radical Damage ◽  
Male Accessory Glands ◽  
Accessory Glands

Male accessory glands infections (MAGI) are considered one of the causes of male infertility. Chronic prostatitis is the most prevalent form of MAGI. Researches that assessed the influence of chronic prostatitis on conventional semen parameters have shown contradictory results, so the debate regarding this issue continues. Conventional semen parameters are imperfect markers of male fertility, as many men remain infertile despite being normozoospermic. The search for reliable predictors of male fertility continues to this day. Oxidative stress is considered one of the main pathogenetic mechanisms of male infertility. Free radical oxidation is the leading cause of spermatozoa DNA damage. Spermatozoa DNA fragmentation caused by oxidative stress was associated with a number of unsuccessful reproductive outcomes. There are several factors that are responsible for making spermatozoa vulnerable to free radical damage including abnormal maturation characterized by insufficient chromatin protamination. Acrosin activity defines the ability of spermatozoa to penetrate the ovum membrane and is therefore an independent marker of spermatozoa fertilizing capacity. Possible mechanisms of chronic prostatitis influence on male fertility and current scientific data regarding its association with novel predictors of male infertility are discussed in this article.The study did not have sponsorship. The authors have declared no conflicts of interest.

Ability of Some Progestational Steroids to Stimulate Male Accessory Glands of Reproduction in the Rat

1959 ◽  
Vol 100 (3) ◽  
pp. 540-543 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. C. Lyster ◽  
G. H. Lund ◽  
W. E. Dulin ◽  
R. O. Stafford
Keyword(s):  
Male Accessory Glands ◽  
Accessory Glands

“ADMINISTRATION OF PLATELET RICH PLASMA- A SHIFT IN ACCELERATED ORTHODONTICS– A REVIEW “

2021 ◽  
pp. 44-45
Author(s):  
Saraa Angel .L ◽  
Abhijeet Jaiswal
Keyword(s):  
Human Population ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Invasive Procedures ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Surgical Methods ◽  
Accelerated Orthodontics ◽  
Economical Alternative

Increasing awareness towards self-appearance and aesthetics has led to increase in overall patients willing to undergo orthodontic treatment. Various surgical and non surgical methods have been tried to reduce the overall orthodontic treatment time. Painless, non invasive procedures are preferred over the traumatic methods. Platelet Rich Plasma (PRP) injection has recently gained popularity due to its safe , relatively painless and economical alternative in accelerating the tooth movement. This article briefs on the researches done in animal and human population so far using PRPand their cumulative effects on tooth movement.

Indirect Lymphoscintigraphy in Patients with Limb Oedema

1986 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 211-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Pecking ◽  
R. Cluzan ◽  
J.P. Desprez-Curely ◽  
P. Guerin
Keyword(s):  
Lower Limb ◽  
Lymphatic System ◽  
Invasive Procedures ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Morphological Findings ◽  
Invasive Method ◽  
Varicose Disease ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Web Space ◽  
Clinical Problems

One thousand four hundred and fifty-five lymphoscintigraphies using a radio-labelled colloid were performed as an objective test for the diagnosis and the survey of lower limb oedemas. It is a non-invasive method involving only a subdermic bipedal injection into the first web space of each foot. Our results demonstrate that in chronic swollen legs due to venous causes occuring from post-thrombotic syndrome or varicose disease the lymphatic system can be insufficient (14.9% and 19.8% of these cases). Abnormal results are found in 91.3% of clinically primary lymphoedemas. In unilateral primary lymphoedemas the clinically healthy controlateral limb can be insufficient (25%). In post-traumatic lower limb oedemas the lymphatic flow remains normal while perilymphatic extravasation and dermal filling are always to be found at the trauma site. The lymphoscintigraphy is a simple, physiological and reliable test. The morphological findings based upon 1455 examinations allow us to think that this method may resolve the clinical problems without recourse to more invasive procedures. We can expect that in a few years this morphological study will be completed with a functional lymphatic test.

The Drosophila melanogaster X-Linked mfs(1)6E Locus Is Required for Production of Normal Seminal Fluid by the Male Accessory Glands

2001 ◽  
Vol 267 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro P. López ◽  
Juán F. Santarén ◽  
M.Fernanda Ruiz ◽  
Pedro Esponda ◽  
Lucas Sánchez
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Seminal Fluid ◽  
Male Accessory Glands ◽  
Accessory Glands

The effect of under-feeding on the genital functions of a bull

1953 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 343-347 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Mann ◽  
A. Walton
Keyword(s):  
Citric Acid ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Secretory Function ◽  
Male Accessory Glands ◽  
Accessory Glands ◽  
Normal Feeding

1. A study was made of the effect of underfeeding on the genital functions in the bull. Regular weekly collections of semen were made during (1) a 5-week pre-experimental period of normal feeding, (2) a 23-week experimental period of under-feeding, and (3) a 25-week post-experimental period of recovery.2. Although the food intake was reduced to such an extent that the bull began to lose weight at a rate of 6·5 kg. (1 stone) per week, the volume and density of semen and the motility and morphology of the spermatozoa were not significantly changed.3. In contrast to the testes, the secretory function of the male accessory glands was markedly affected by under-feeding. The concentration of fructose and citric acid in semen decreased to about 30 and 60% respectively of the original levels. During the recovery period the values for fructose and citric acid gradually returned to normal.

MicroRNA expression in infertile men: its alterations and effects

Zygote ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (05) ◽  
pp. 263-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Kiani ◽  
Mohammad Salehi ◽  
Asghar Mogheiseh
Keyword(s):  
Male Infertility ◽  
Testicular Biopsy ◽  
Transcriptional Gene Silencing ◽  
Mirna Regulation ◽  
Altered Expression ◽  
Diagnostic Biomarkers ◽  
Rna Molecules ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Post Transcriptional Gene Silencing ◽  
Different Types

SummaryInfertility is an important reproductive health problem, and male infertility is especially important in more than half of infertility cases. Due to the importance of genetic factors in this condition, analysis of semen alone is not enough to recognize men with idiopathic infertility. A molecular non-invasive investigation is necessary to gain valuable information. Currently, microRNAs (miRNAs) are being used as non-invasive diagnostic biomarkers. miRNAs, single-stranded non-coding RNA molecules, act as post-transcriptional gene silencing regulators either by inhibition or repression of translation. Changes in the regulation of miRNAs have been investigated in several different types of male infertility, therefore the biological role of miRNA and gene targets has been defined. The purpose of this study was to review recent research on the altered expression of miRNA in semen, sperm, and testicular biopsy samples in infertile males with different types of unexplained infertility. Changes in miRNA regulation were investigated using microarray and the miRNA levels were confirmed by real-time qRT-PCR. This review explains why creating a non-invasive diagnostic method for male infertility is necessary and how changes in miRNA expression can be used as new diagnostic biomarkers in patients with differing spermatogenic and histopathologic injury.

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