scholarly journals A subjetivação capitalista enquanto mecanismo de precarização do trabalho docente na educação superior

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Altair Alberto Fávero ◽  
Diego Bechi
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Market Model ◽  
Expansion Process ◽  
Life Project ◽  
Education Professionals ◽  
The Face ◽  
Bibliographical Information ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
A Company

The model of capitalist subjectivation determines the generalization of competition as a norm of conduct, intimate individuals to conceive of themselves and behave like a company, order social relations according to the market model and change the logic of public policies. The present essay aims to understand, from the theoretical reference of P. Dardot C. Laval (2016a, 2016b, 2010), F. Guattari (1985, 1996), G. Alves (2008, 2011), D. Mancebo (2007, 2003), among others, how the subjectivity of the teaching worker of higher education is constituted, in the face of the current hegemonic expansion process of toyotista / neoliberal rationality, and how this process of capitalist subjectivation has interfered with working conditions and the mode / life project of education professionals. It is an exploratory study regarding the objectives and bibliographical information about the procedures of hermeneutic-analytical character. Initially, the essay deals with the transformations in the political-economic, cultural and productive structure inherent to the expansion of flexible capitalism, which underpinned the construction of a new model of "governance" and the formation of a new (self-governing) productive subject. Then, it presents the mechanisms and movements used by the toyotista / neoliberal rationality in the formation of a productivist and competitive subjectivity and its implications on the rhythms and working conditions. Finally, it intents to understand the metamorphoses of the teaching work, including the phenomenon related to the intensification and precarization of its working conditions, due to the process of capitalist subjectivation.

scholarly journals THE VIABILITY OF AN INTEGRATIVE FRAMEWORK FOR URBAN DESIGN AND REGIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL JUSTICE

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen T.F. Poon
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Justice ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Behavioural Change ◽  
Cultural Development ◽  
Urban Transformation ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Life Project ◽  
Integrative Framework ◽  
The Face ◽  
Political Economic

Environmental justice is an increasingly problematic proposition, as the clash of political, economic, social and community interests invariably occur. The purpose of this research is to examine the viability of an integrated framework that establishes environmental justice from economic, social and cultural development perspectives in Malaysia. Case studies analysing Iskandar Low Carbon Blueprint (LCB) 2025 and the River of Life Project (ROL) are presented. Findings suggest that clear national policies on urban transformation is an increasingly important environmental justice issue in Malaysia, but sustaining liveability is a challenge in the face of more critical decisions on infrastructural and resource management and energy use, resulting in a lack of attitudinal and behavioural change in urban planning programmes. This suggests that meaningful stakeholder engagements and collaborations contribute in planning economically and ecologically viable solutions and initiatives for liveable and resilient cities.

scholarly journals THE VIABILITY OF AN INTEGRATIVE FRAMEWORK FOR URBAN DESIGN AND REGIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL JUSTICE

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen T.F. Poon
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Justice ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Behavioural Change ◽  
Cultural Development ◽  
Urban Transformation ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Life Project ◽  
Integrative Framework ◽  
The Face ◽  
Political Economic

Environmental justice is an increasingly problematic proposition, as the clash of political, economic, social and community interests invariably occur. The purpose of this research is to examine the viability of an integrated framework that establishes environmental justice from economic, social and cultural development perspectives in Malaysia. Case studies analysing Iskandar Low Carbon Blueprint (LCB) 2025 and the River of Life Project (ROL) are presented. Findings suggest that clear national policies on urban transformation is an increasingly important environmental justice issue in Malaysia, but sustaining liveability is a challenge in the face of more critical decisions on infrastructural and resource management and energy use, resulting in a lack of attitudinal and behavioural change in urban planning programmes. This suggests that meaningful stakeholder engagements and collaborations contribute in planning economically and ecologically viable solutions and initiatives for liveable and resilient cities.

STAGES IN SOCIAL POLICY DEVELOPMENT

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 265-272
Author(s):  
Venelin Terziev ◽  
Preslava Dimitrova
Keyword(s):  
Social Policy ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Policy Development ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
National Society ◽  
Complex Approach ◽  
The Social ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The social policy of a country is a set of specific activities aimed at regulating the social relations between different in their social status subjects. This approach to clarifying social policy is also called functional and essentially addresses social policy as an activity to regulate the relationship of equality or inequality in society. It provides an opportunity to look for inequalities in the economic positions of individuals in relation to ownership, labor and working conditions, distribution of income and consumption, social security and health, to look for the sources of these inequalities and their social justification or undue application.The modern state takes on social functions that seek to regulate imbalances, to protect weak social positions and prevent the disintegration of the social system. It regulates the processes in society by harmonizing interests and opposing marginalization. Every modern country develops social activities that reflect the specifics of a particular society, correspond to its economic, political and cultural status. They are the result of political decisions aimed at directing and regulating the process of adaptation of the national society to the transformations of the market environment. Social policy is at the heart of the development and governance of each country. Despite the fact that too many factors and problems affect it, it largely determines the physical and mental state of the population as well as the relationships and interrelationships between people. On the other hand, social policy allows for a more global study and solving of vital social problems of civil society. On the basis of the programs and actions of political parties and state bodies, the guidelines for the development of society are outlined. Social policy should be seen as an activity to regulate the relationship of equality or inequality between different individuals and social groups in society. Its importance is determined by the possibility of establishing on the basis of the complex approach: the economic positions of the different social groups and individuals, by determining the differences between them in terms of income, consumption, working conditions, health, etc .; to explain the causes of inequality; to look for concrete and specific measures to overcome the emerging social disparities.

National Liberalisms in Historical Perspective

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark I. Vail
Keyword(s):  
Economic Model ◽  
Historical Perspective ◽  
Source Material ◽  
Historical Source ◽  
Market Making ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
The Face ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
Analytical Frameworks

This chapter analyzes the development of French, German, and Italian liberalism from the nineteenth century to the 1980s, giving particular attention to each tradition’s conceptions of the role of the state and its relationship to groups and individual citizens. Using a broad range of historical source material and the works of influential political philosophers, it outlines the analytical frameworks central to French “statist liberalism,” German “corporate liberalism,” and Italian “clientelist liberalism.” It shows how these evolving traditions shaped the structure of each country’s postwar political-economic model and the policy priorities developed during the postwar boom through the early 1970s and provides conceptual touchstones for the direction and character of these traditions’ evolution in the face of the neoliberal challenge since the 1990s. The chapter demonstrates that each tradition accepted elements of a more liberal economic order while rejecting neoliberalism’s messianic market-making agenda and its abstract and disembedded political-economic vision.

An Intersectional Approach to the “Mobility Trap” That Ensnares Migrant Youth in China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaorong Gu
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Social Institutions ◽  
Urban China ◽  
The Political ◽  
Economic Systems ◽  
Life Chances ◽  
Migrant Youth ◽  
Political Economic

This essay explores the theory of intersectionality in the study of youths’ lives and social inequality in the Global South. It begins with an overview of the concept of intersectionality and its wide applications in social sciences, followed by a proposal for regrounding the concept in the political economic systems in particular contexts (without assuming the universality of capitalist social relations in Northern societies), rather than positional identities. These systems lay material foundations, shaping the multiple forms of deprivation and precarity in which Southern youth are embedded. A case study of rural migrant youths’ ‘mobility trap’ in urban China is used to illustrate how layers of social institutions and structures in the country’s transition to a mixed economy intersect to influence migrant youths’ aspirations and life chances. The essay concludes with ruminations on the theoretical and social implications of the political-economy-grounded intersectionality approach for youth studies.

scholarly journals Black entrepreneurship and ethnic beauty salons: possibilities forresistance in the social (re)construction of black identity

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (87) ◽  
pp. 589-609
Author(s):  
Ana Flávia Rezende ◽  
Flávia Luciana Naves Mafra ◽  
Jussara Jéssica Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Racial Identity ◽  
Black Men ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Phenotypic Traits ◽  
Black Racial Identity ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Face ◽  
Black Entrepreneurship ◽  
Racial Ethnic

ABSTRACT This paper addresses the case of five lack entrepreneurs who own businesses a public that for years has denied a esthetic and phenotypic traits. These spaces, branded as ‘ethnic salons’, aim to take care of the curly and / or Afrohair of Black men and women.In the face of this context, we ask: how canBlack entrepreneurs and enterprisesconfront colonialmentality in social relations, by creating businesses aimed at giving value to, and appreciatingthe identity of Black men and women? The field research was conducted via observations and interviews,collecting narratives from both. The narratives went through a process of synthesis and analysisprocesses that allowed us to flag the motivesbehind these enterprises, as well as the racial/ethnic acceptance present in these spaces. Thus, the main contribution of this paper is to discuss ‘hairtype’ as a constitutive element of Black racial identity, and the opportunity for more autonomywhen entering the labor market.

The depoliticization of health and safety committees and representation: The Ontario case

2021 ◽  
pp. 030981682110615
Author(s):  
Alan Hall
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Historical Development ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Theory Analysis ◽  
Economic Framework ◽  
Canadian Data ◽  
Joint Health ◽  
Safety Committees ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
Responsibility System

Studies in several national jurisdictions have highlighted the limitations of joint health and safety committees and worker representatives in affecting change in working conditions. Using Canadian data, this article focuses on the argument that many health and safety committees and worker representatives have been captured or substantially controlled through the State’s promotion of an internal responsibility system framed around a technocratic partnership. The historical development of this framing is first understood within a political economic framework which highlights several major influences, followed by a field theory analysis which explains how these control relations are established by management within workplace settings.

scholarly journals Narrating technonatures: discourses of biotechnology in a neoliberal era

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 186
Author(s):  
Myles Carroll
Keyword(s):  
Social Justice ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Power Relations ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
The Political ◽  
Effective Strategy ◽  
Economic Implications ◽  
Political Implications ◽  
The Status ◽  
Political Economic

This article considers the role played by discourses of nature in structuring the cultural politics of anti-GMO activism. It argues that such discourses have been successful rhetorical tools for activists because they mobilize widely resonant nature-culture dualisms that separate the natural and human worlds. However, these discourses hold dubious political implications. In valorizing the natural as a source of essential truth, natural purity discourses fail to challenge how naturalizations have been used to legitimize sexist, racist and colonial systems of injustice and oppression. Rather, they revitalize the discursive purchase of appeals to nature as a justification for the status quo, indirectly reinforcing existing power relations. Moreover, these discourses fail to challenge the critical though contingent reality of GMOs' location within the wider framework of neoliberal social relations. Fortunately, appeals to natural purity have not been the only effective strategy for opposing GMOs. Activist campaigns that directly target the political economic implications of GMOs within the context of neoliberalism have also had successes without resorting to appeals to the purity of nature. The successes of these campaigns suggest that while nature-culture dualisms remain politically effective normative groundings, concerns over equity, farmers' rights, and democracy retain potential as ideological terrains in the struggle for social justice.

scholarly journals Politics and Audit in Malaysia

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Azham Md. Ali
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Secondary Source ◽  
The Social ◽  
Economic Forces ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
Source Materials ◽  
Study Format

This work investigates the role and contribution of external auditing as practised in Malaysian society during the forty year period from independence in 1957 to just before the onset of Asian Financial Crisis in 1997.  It applies the political economic theory introduced by Tinker (1980) and refined by Cooper & Sherer (1984), which emphasises the social relations aspects of professional activity rather than economic forces alone. In a case study format where qualitative data were gathered mainly from primary and secondary source materials, the study has found that the function of auditing in Malaysian society in most cases is devoid of any essence of mission; instead it is created, shaped and changed by the pressures which give rise to its development over time. The largely insignificant role that it serves is intertwined with the contexts in which it operates. 

Critical Lines of Action for Vulnerability and Resilience Research and Practice: Lessons from the 2017 Hurricane Season

2018 ◽  
Vol 05 (02n03) ◽  
pp. 1850015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hallie Eakin ◽  
Tischa A. Muñoz-Erickson ◽  
Maria Carmen Lemos
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Information Access ◽  
The United States ◽  
Transformative Change ◽  
Economic Disparities ◽  
Research And Practice ◽  
Hurricane Season ◽  
The Face ◽  
Critical Lines

The unprecedented number of devastating disasters recently experienced in the United States is a clarion call to revisit how we understand our vulnerability in the face of global change, and what we are prepared to do about it. We focus on the case of Hurricane María’s impact in Puerto Rico to underscore five critical concerns in addressing vulnerability and adaptation planning: (i) vulnerability as a product of flows; (ii) how our beliefs about the capacities of ourselves and others affect local vulnerability; (iii) the role uncertainty, politics, and information access play in amplifying vulnerability and complicating adaptation; (iv) the need for a better distribution of risk and responsibility in adaptation; (v) and the challenge of seizing the opportunity of disasters for transformative change. These five issues of concern were particularly evident in the case of Puerto Rico where Hurricane María’s 155 mph winds exposed existing infrastructural vulnerabilities, institutional incapacities, and socio-economic disparities. We argue that addressing these issues requires fundamental shifts in how we prepare for environmental change and disasters in the 21st century. We discuss promising approaches that may assist researchers and practitioners in addressing some of the underlying drivers of vulnerability, stemming from cross-scalar dynamics, systemic interdependencies, and the politics and social relations associated with knowledge, decision-making and action. We argue that society needs to broach the difficult topic of the equity in the distribution of risk in society and the burden of adaptation. Addressing these challenges and response imperatives is a central task of this century; the time to act is now.

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