scholarly journals Calculation of the Cost of an Adequate Education in Kentucky: A Professional Judgment Approach

2004 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah A. Verstegen
Keyword(s):  
Supreme Court ◽  
Professional Judgment ◽  
School Students ◽  
Teacher Salaries ◽  
Public School Students ◽  
School Year ◽  
State Supreme Court ◽  
Adequate Education ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Funding Gap

What is an adequate education and how much does it cost? In 1989, Kentucky’s State Supreme Court found the entire system of education unconstitutional-“all of its parts and parcels”. The Court called for all children to have access to an adequate education, one that is uniform and has as its goal the development of seven capacities, including: (i) “sufficient oral and written communication skills to enable students to function in a complex and rapidly changing civilization . . . .and (vii) sufficient levels of academic or vocational skills to enable public school students to compete favorably with their counterparts in surrounding states, in academics or in the job market”. Now, over a decade later, key questions remain regarding whether these objectives have been fulfilled. This research is designed to calculate the cost of an adequate education by aligning resources to State standards, laws and objectives, using a professional judgment approach. Seven focus groups were convened for this purpose and the scholarly literature was reviewed to provide multiple inputs into study findings. The study produced a per pupil base cost for each of three prototype school districts and an total statewide cost, with the funding gap between existing revenue and the revenue needed for current operations of $1.097 billion per year (2001-02). Additional key resource requirements needed to achieve an adequate education, identified by professional judgment panels, include: (1) extending the school year for students and teachers, (2) adding voluntary half-day preschool for three and four year olds, and (3) raising teacher salaries. This increases the funding gap to $1.23 billion and suggests that significant new funding is required over time if the Commonwealth of Kentucky is to provide an adequate and equitable education of high quality for all children and youth as directed by the State Supreme Court.

Participation in School Food and Nutrition Activities among Grade 6–8 Students in Vancouver

2016 ◽  
Vol 77 (3) ◽  
pp. 148-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teya A. Stephens ◽  
Jennifer L. Black ◽  
Gwen E. Chapman ◽  
Cayley E. Velazquez ◽  
Alejandro Rojas
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Students ◽  
School Type ◽  
Healthy Foods ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
School Students ◽  
School Food ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Public School Students ◽  
School Year ◽  
Food And Nutrition

This study examined student-reported participation in school food and nutrition activities in Vancouver, British Columbia (BC), and whether engagement differed by gender and between elementary and secondary school students. A cross-sectional survey of grade 6–8 public school students (n = 937) from 20 elementary and 6 secondary schools assessed student-reported participation in a range of food and nutrition activities. Statistical analyses included descriptive statistics and multilevel logistic regression to examine associations between participation with gender and school type. Overall, <50% of students reported engaging in most of the food and nutrition activities examined in the 2011–2012 school year, including: food preparation (36%), choosing/tasting healthy foods (27%), learning about Canada’s Food Guide (CFG) (45%), learning about foods grown in BC (35%), gardening (21%), composting (32%), and recycling (51%). Females were more likely to report recycling and learning about CFG and BC-grown foods (P < 0.05). Secondary students were more likely to report activities focused on working with or learning about food/nutrition (P < 0.05). Despite local and provincial efforts to engage students in food and nutrition experiences, participation in most activities remains relatively low, with few students exposed to multiple activities. Continued advocacy is needed from the dietetics community to improve student engagement in food and nutrition activities.

Are Charter School Students Harder to Educate? Evidence From Washington, D.C.

2005 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 365-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jack Buckley ◽  
Mark Schneider
Keyword(s):  
Public Schools ◽  
Charter School ◽  
School Students ◽  
Public School Students ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
School Year ◽  
Traditional Public Schools ◽  
Policy Analysts ◽  
The Media ◽  
Using Data

One point of debate in the recent controversy in the media and among policy analysts over the academic achievement of charter school students is whether the charter students are in some way harder to educate than their counterparts enrolled in traditional public schools. This article examines this question using data from the 2002–2003 school year in Washington, D.C. It begins by examining a simple binomial model of the proportion of students in key demographic and programmatic categories linked to educability. It then turns to the estimation of a more theoretically appropriate mixture model that assumes two latent categories of charter schools. It concludes with an analysis that moves beyond simple demographic/programmatic factors to consider measures of educability using individual-level survey data from charter and traditional public school students. Overall, there is mixed evidence of differences in the educability of students in the two sectors.

scholarly journals Achievement Growth in K-8 Catholic Schools Using NWEA Data

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Julie Dallavis ◽  
◽  
Stephen Ponisciak ◽  
Megan Kuhfeld ◽  
Beth Tarasawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Schools ◽  
Public School ◽  
Catholic School ◽  
National Sample ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
School Students ◽  
Public School Students ◽  
School Year ◽  
Achievement Growth ◽  
Eighth Grade Students

Using a national sample of kindergarten to eighth grade students from Catholic and public schools who took MAP Growth assessments, we examine achievement growth over time between sectors. Our findings suggest that while Catholic school students score higher in math and reading than public school students on average, they also enter each school year at a higher level. Public school students close this gap to some degree during the school year. Additionally, these patterns varied by age and subject. Catholic school students in the earlier grades show less growth in both reading and math during the academic year compared to their public school peers, but in middle school growth patterns in math were comparable across sectors.

scholarly journals EFFECTS OF AN ELECTRONIC GAME ON EARLY LITERACY SKILLS

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura V. Sánchez-Vincitore ◽  
Analía Henríquez Cross
Keyword(s):  
Early Literacy ◽  
Literacy Acquisition ◽  
Literacy Skills ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Alphabetic Principle ◽  
Low Literacy ◽  
School Students ◽  
Public School Students ◽  
School Year ◽  
Experimental Group

ABSTRACT The attainment of the alphabetic principle is one of the earliest signs of successful literacy acquisition. Public school students from the Dominican Republic have low literacy skills, partly because of not being systematically exposed to the alphabetic principle while learning to read. This paper presents the results of an intervention to teach the alphabetic principle using a tablet-based game. Nineteen kindergarten students were randomly assigned to a control and an experimental group during the last month of the 2017 school year. Students from the experimental group played with the game for ten sessions of 20 minutes each. Students from the experimental group outperformed the control group in syllable recognition after the intervention. The intervention did not influence other reading skills. Automatic syllable identification has been shown to boost early literacy acquisition, although it is not sufficient for students to become fluent readers.

Schools as Refractors: Comparing Summertime and School-Year Skill Inequality Trajectories

2021 ◽  
Vol 94 (4) ◽  
pp. 316-340
Author(s):  
Dennis J. Condron ◽  
Douglas B. Downey ◽  
Megan Kuhfeld
Keyword(s):  
Data Sets ◽  
National Data ◽  
Social Categories ◽  
Math Skills ◽  
School Students ◽  
Northwest Evaluation Association ◽  
Public School Students ◽  
School Year ◽  
Grade Levels ◽  
Skill Gaps

How does schooling affect inequality in students’ academic skills? Studies comparing children’s trajectories during summers and school years provide a provocative way of addressing this question, but the most persuasive seasonal studies (1) focus primarily on skill gaps between social categories (e.g., social class, race/ethnicity), which constitute only a small fraction of overall skill inequality, and (2) are restricted to early grades, making it difficult to know whether the patterns extend into later grades. In this study, we use seasonal comparisons to examine the possibilities that schooling exacerbates, reduces, or reproduces overall skill inequality in math, reading, language use, and science with recent national data on U.S. public school students spanning numerous grade levels from the Northwest Evaluation Association. Our results suggest that schooling has a compensatory effect on inequality in reading, language, and science skills but not math skills. We conclude by discussing the theoretical implications of our findings, possible reasons why the math findings differ from those of other subjects, and discrepant seasonal patterns across national data sets.

Arkansas School Nurses’ Role in Statewide Assessment of Body Mass Index to Screen for Overweight Children and Adolescents

2005 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 64-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bonnie Gance-Cleveland ◽  
Margo Bushmiaer
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
The United States ◽  
School Nurses ◽  
Overweight Children ◽  
School Students ◽  
Obese Adults ◽  
Public School Students ◽  
School Year ◽  
Nurses Role ◽  
Respiratory Conditions

National surveys that have tracked weight and physical activity in the United States for more than 40 years have shown a continuing increase in the number of overweight children and adolescents. Overweight children and adolescents are showing an increase in diseases related to overweight: Type II diabetes, cardiovascular disease, hypertension, and orthopedic and respiratory conditions. Overweight children are also likely to become obese adults. This article describes Arkansas’s efforts to connect with families through schools to prevent or reduce overweight in children. Arkansas school nurses measured the heights and weights of more than 400,000 public school students during the 2003–2004 school year. A detailed protocol for accurate measurement of students is provided.

scholarly journals The Pennsylvania 2015 State Supreme Court Election in Comparative Perspective

Commonwealth ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenna Becker Kane
Keyword(s):  
Supreme Court ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Campaign Spending ◽  
Comparative Perspective ◽  
Judicial Selection ◽  
High Court ◽  
Judicial Elections ◽  
State Supreme Court ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Campaign Advertising

Judicial candidates and outside groups spent a record $15.8 million in a 2015 election that decided the partisan balance of the Pennsylvania Supreme Court. Adding to the record-­setting election was a barrage of televised attack advertising in which outside interests spent over $4 million to influence the outcome of the high court race. This article places the 2015 Pennsylvania Supreme Court election in comparative perspective to assess whether or not the campaign fundraising, campaign spending, and campaign advertising in this race was as “historic” as commonly claimed. Interestingly, when compared with other Pennsylvania high court races, the 2015 race was not a watershed election for candidate fundraising, especially when fundraising totals are averaged per candidate. Neither was the tone and tenor of campaign advertising in the 2015 Pennsylvania race outside the trend of contemporary judicial campaigns in other states, which have seen a marked increase in televised attack advertising by outside groups that often target candidates as soft on crime. Overall, the cost and tone of the 2015 Pennsylvania Supreme Court race appears to be a part of wider trends in contemporary judicial elections and very much in line with the cost of high court races in Pennsylvania over the last decade. The article concludes by surveying empirical evidence on the efficacy of judicial elections and assesses Pennsylvania’s prospects for reforming its method of judicial selection.

The New York Adequacy Study: "Determining the Cost of Providing All Children in New York an Adequate Education": Volume 1: Final Report

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jay G. Chambers ◽  
Thomas B. Parrish ◽  
Jesse D. Levin ◽  
James R. Smith ◽  
James W. Guthrie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Final Report ◽  
Adequate Education ◽  
The Cost

ANALISIS BIAYA KUALITAS DAN PRODUKTIVITAS PADA MAHASISIWA UNIVERSITAS ISLAM 45

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 234-257
Author(s):  
Anisa Putri
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Data ◽  
Total Quality ◽  
Quality Cost ◽  
Productivity Costs ◽  
School Year ◽  
Quality Costs ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
The Cost ◽  
New Student ◽  
Academic Year

The aim to be achieved in this study is to analyze the quality and productivity costs of case studies at the Islamic University of 45 Bekasi. The research method used in this study is a qualitative descriptive method. The location of the study was conducted at the Islamic University of 45 Bekasi. The data used is secondary data from the financial statements of Islamic University of 45 Bekasi in the academic year 2013/2014. Methods of data collection using interviews and observation. The highest quality cost discussion results are prevention costs at the cost of seminars and training for lecturers as much as Rp. 450,561,400, -. The lowest quality cost is the assessment fee at the cost of lecturer accreditation of Rp. 1,925,000, -. The percentage of quality costs is 2.1% smaller than the fairness of the total quality costs of 2.5%. The realization of the output of new student admissions was obtained in the 2013/2014 school year as many as 1,339 people. Total students 6,364 people. The study period is more than 4 years and has not graduated as many as 992 people. Failure costs as much as 16% of total students. Realization of financial output was achieved in the amount of Rp. 39,384,232,556, - ​​Input Rp. 35,606,307,800, - used to obtain output. Company productivity is efficient because output is greater than input. Company productivity is effective because the company achieves financial goals by obtaining a surplus of Rp. 3,777,924,756, - The conclusion that can be drawn is that quality costs are able to obtain output in the form of income exceeding its input value so that productivity is efficient and effective and surplus.

Binge Drinking and Educational Participation among Youth in the COMPASS Host Study (Year 5: 2016/2017): School Connectedness and Flourishing as Compensatory Factors

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 55-77
Author(s):  
Simone D. Holligan ◽  
Wei Qian ◽  
Margaret De Groh ◽  
Ying Jiang ◽  
Karen A. Patte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Binge Drinking ◽  
School Connectedness ◽  
Educational Goals ◽  
School Students ◽  
Educational Participation ◽  
School Year ◽  
Canadian Youth ◽  
Reported Data

The current study investigated resilience factors influencing the associations between binge drinking and measures of educational participation among Canadian youth. Self-reported data were collected during the 2016/2017 school year from 5238 students in Grades 9 through 12 (2744 females, 2494 males) attending 14 secondary schools in Ontario and British Columbia as part of the COMPASS study. Logistic regression analyses were conducted to determine relationships between binge drinking, school connectedness and flourishing on measures of educational participation. Binge drinking was associated with increased likelihood of skipping classes, going to class without completing homework, lower Math and English scores, and having educational and/or training expectations and aspirations beyond high school only. Decreased flourishing was linked to increased likelihood of going to class with incomplete homework, lower Math and English scores, and decreased likelihood of aspiring and expecting to achieve education and/or training beyond high school only. Increased school connectedness was associated with decreased likelihood of skipping classes and going to class with incomplete homework, higher Math and English scores, and increased the likelihood of aspiring to and expecting to achieve education and/or training beyond high school only. Lower flourishing was additive in its effect on current binge drinking in negatively impacting class attendance and homework completion and academic performance, while higher school connectedness was compensatory in its effect on these outcomes. This study suggests that, for high school students who are susceptible to binge drinking, those who are more connected to school and have a higher sense of wellbeing can maintain active participation in school and achieve their educational goals.

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