scholarly journals The School and Cultural Diversity: Notes on Multicultural Education in Portugal

2006 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
José Carlos Pina Almeida
Keyword(s):  
Multicultural Education ◽  
Cultural Diversity ◽  
Education System ◽  
Equality Of Opportunities ◽  
Portuguese Society ◽  
Political Project ◽  
The Ideal ◽  
The Way

Multiculturalism, as a political project, has captured much attention in recent decades. Multicultural education, in particular, has been often viewed as the ideal way to facilitate interaction between cultures and to achieve more effective equality of opportunities and, therefore, a fairer society. But it has also been involved in much controversy. We start this article by reviewing some of the debates around the multicultural paradigm. We will then turn our attention to the Portuguese case. In particular we will explore the way the view of the Portuguese history and culture as a humanist, universalist and non-racist one, has influenced the way the education system deals with the growing cultural diversity in the Portuguese society.

श्रीमद्भगवद्गीता में निहित शांति शिक्षा

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 29-35
Author(s):  
BADRI NARAYAN
Keyword(s):  
Education System ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
Public Welfare ◽  
Modern Education ◽  
Personal Qualities ◽  
Global Peace ◽  
Value Crisis ◽  
The Ideal ◽  
The Way

श्रीमद्भगवद्गीता औपनिष्दिक दर्शन का विश्वसमाघृत प्रतिनिधि ग्रन्थ है, जिसके उपदेश प्राणिमात्र के कल्याण के लिये हैं । इन उपनिषदों का अनुगमन करके हम समसामयिक शैक्षिक समस्याओं का समाधान प्राप्त कर सकते हैं । गीता के अनुसार आंतरिक शांति, प्रेम व अपनत्व जैसे पवित्र भाव वास्तविक ज्ञान की कसौटी हैं । इसमें अशांति व दुःख के कारण एवं अन्तःकरण की प्रसन्नता व शांति के उपाय का पूर्णतः व्यावहारिक विवेचन किया गया है । कामना एवं स्वार्थसिद्धि के लिये किये गये कर्म सभी प्रकार की अशांति एवं संघर्ष के कारण हैं । गीता कामनाओं एवं कर्मों के नियमन का मार्ग बताती है, जिससे वैयक्तिक एवं वैश्विकशांति व सौहार्द का विकास  होगा । वैयक्तिक शांति हेतु गीता ने ‘निष्कामकर्म’ एवं ‘स्थितप्रज्ञ ’ अवस्था का आदर्श प्रस्तुत किया है । निष्काम कर्म का अर्थ लोककल्याण की भावना से निःस्वार्थ कर्म करना है । इस प्रकार का कुशल कर्म पूर्ण समायोजित, स्थिर व शांत चित्त वाला ‘स्थितप्रज्ञ’ व्यक्ति ही कर सकता है । इन आदर्शों से ही वैश्विकशांति व सौहार्द का मार्ग प्रशस्त होता है । गीता में वैश्विक शांति हेतु वाँछित वैयक्तिक गुणों को दैवीय संपदा तथा अशांति जनक अवगुणों को आसुरी संपदा कहा गया है । शिक्षा का उद्देश्य ‘दैवीय संपदा’ का विकास तथा ‘आसुरी सम्पदा’ का विनाश है । आधुनिक शिक्षा में शांति व मूल्य संकट निवारण हेतु हमें भगवद्गीता के आलोक में अपनी शिक्षा व्यवस्था का परिमार्जन एवं उन्नयन करना होगा । The Shrimad Bhagavad Geeta is a cosmopolitan representative of the ceremonial philosophy, whose teachings are for the welfare of all beings. By following these teachings, we can find solutions to contemporary educational problems. According to the Geeta, pious feelings like inner peace, love and affinity are real indicator of wisdom. Geeta describes causes of unrest and sorrow along with ways to obtain happiness of conscience and peace. The deeds done for the desire and self-determination are cause of all kinds of unrest and conflict. The Geeta describes ways of regulating desires and deeds, which can lead to the development of personal and global peace and harmony. For personal peace, the Gita has presented the ideal of 'Nishkam karma' and 'Sthitpragya'. Nishkam karma means selfless actions in the spirit of public welfare. This type of skilled work can only be done by a 'Sthitpragya', a person with a perfectly adjusted, steady and calm mind. These ideals pave the way for global peace and harmony. In the Geeta, the personal qualities desired for global peace have been called Divine wealth and unrestrained qualities are Devilish Wealth. The aim of education is the development of 'divine wealth' and removal of 'demonic wealth'. For having peace and solving value crisis, modern education system needs to be restructured in the in the light of the teachings of Bhagavad Geeta.

Urgensi Implementasi Pendidikan Multikultural di Sekolah

1970 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 220-233
Author(s):  
Iis Arifudin
Keyword(s):  
Multicultural Education ◽  
Cultural Diversity ◽  
Learning Process ◽  
Social Conflict ◽  
New Order ◽  
Plural Society

Indonesian nation consist of many kind of culture, ethnic, race, religion, etc. At one side that diversity is a treasure of Indonesian, but at other side it triggers social conflict. Conflict that happens about three decade of New Order power is because our education always teaching similarity (uniformity) and averse plurality. Therefore, this paper suggested multicultural education as solution to this problem. Multicultural education has to be implemented on learning process at school. It not necessarily became separated lesson, but can integrated to every lesson . Multicultural education is a process to cultivating attitude to respect each other, honest, and tolerant to cultural diversity that exit on the plural society. With multicultural education we hope there’s toughness and flexibility of this nation to face the clash of social conflict.

The Role of Music and Allied Arts in Public Writings on Cultural Diversity: “People of Sri Lanka”

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 93-100
Author(s):  
Gisa Jähnichen
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Cultural Diversity ◽  
South Asia ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Sri Lankan ◽  
Culturally Different ◽  
The World ◽  
Official Languages ◽  
The Way

The Sri Lankan Ministry of National Coexistence, Dialogue, and Official Languages published the work “People of Sri Lanka” in 2017. In this comprehensive publication, 21 invited Sri Lankan scholars introduced 19 different people’s groups to public readers in English, mainly targeted at a growing number of foreign visitors in need of understanding the cultural diversity Sri Lanka has to offer. This paper will observe the presentation of these different groups of people, the role music and allied arts play in this context. Considering the non-scholarly design of the publication, a discussion of the role of music and allied arts has to be supplemented through additional analyses based on sources mentioned by the 21 participating scholars and their fragmented application of available knowledge. In result, this paper might help improve the way facts about groups of people, the way of grouping people, and the way of presenting these groupings are displayed to the world beyond South Asia. This fieldwork and literature guided investigation should also lead to suggestions for ethical principles in teaching and presenting of culturally different music practices within Sri Lanka, thus adding an example for other case studies.

Epilogue

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.G.L. Mills ◽  
M.E.J. Mills
Keyword(s):  
The Ideal ◽  
The Way

The main findings from the study, some of which have led to altering perceptions of cheetah biology, are summarized. It is hoped that this will highlight topics for future cheetah research in order to expand knowledge of the species and its role in biodiversity. Comparisons of cheetah ecology and behaviour have been made between the southern Kalahari and other landscapes, especially the Serengeti Plains. These areas are at extremes of the cheetah’s habitat range and therefore differences in the way it has adapted to the southern Kalahari compared with the Serengeti would be expected. The Serengeti Plains, with their vast herds of gazelle and extremely open landscape, might appear to be the ideal habitat for the cheetah. However, it is not that simple and, in some respects cheetahs perform better in the southern Kalahari than they do on the Serengeti Plains. Arid systems are clearly important cheetah habitat.

scholarly journals One World, One Sky: Outreach in a Multicultural, Multilingual Metropolis

2012 ◽  
Vol 10 (H16) ◽  
pp. 656-656
Author(s):  
M. Reid
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Cultural Diversity ◽  
Underserved Communities ◽  
The World ◽  
Widespread Access ◽  
The Ideal

As cities around the world grow more and more diverse, we must take this diversity into account in developing outreach activities and materials. The International Year of Astronomy in 2009 brought a lot of attention to the needs of underserved communities and developing countries, emphasizing the ideal of widespread access to astronomy outreach. Increasingly, however, we find that some of the same challenges facing underserved communities and developing countries are also present in modern metropolises. Conveniently, the linguistic and cultural diversity of our cities is more and more accurately reflected among the astronomy community. The diversity of the astronomical community itself creates opportunities for effective multicultural, multilingual outreach.

Multilingualism and the Ideal of Unity in Diversity in the European Union. Key Concepts and Context

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 265-282
Author(s):  
Roxana-Maria Nistor-Gâz ◽  
Delia Pop-Flanja
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Cultural Diversity ◽  
Linguistic Diversity ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Cultural And Linguistic Diversity ◽  
Tower Of Babel ◽  
Key Concepts ◽  
Unity In Diversity ◽  
The Ideal

"In a world challenged by cultural diversity, this article aims to look at the great diversity of languages and cultures that coexist within the European Union. Building on the story of the Tower of Babel that explains, from a religious point of view, the cultural and linguistic diversity existing in the European Union, the authors tried to contextualize EU’s motto of “unity in diversity”, interpreted as an ideal involving a lot of effort and sometimes even many conflicts, but one that we should all fight for and strive to maintain. Keywords: linguistic diversity, ethnicity, nation, minority, majority, communication, unity in diversity"

scholarly journals Interfering Busybody or Public-Minded Citizen? The Actio Popularis as a Model for Reform of the Rules of Standing in Constitutional Cases in Australia

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 62
Author(s):  
Bede Xavier Harris ◽  
Elizabeth Pearl Harris
Keyword(s):  
John Rawls ◽  
Current Approach ◽  
Roman Law ◽  
Legal Action ◽  
Personal Interest ◽  
Theory Of Justice ◽  
Political Interests ◽  
Taking Action ◽  
The Ideal ◽  
The Way

The interpretation given by the courts to the word ‘matter’ in sections 75 and 76 of the Commonwealth of Australia Constitution, and the restrictive approach taken by the courts to what amounts to a sufficient interest in a matter, have led to the consequence that only litigants who can demonstrate a personal interest can bring an action to challenge a breach of the Constitution. This provides insufficient protection for constitutionalism because it means that the enforcement of the Constitution is contingent on there being a self-interested applicant who will bring an action – and, conversely, creates the risk that breaches of the Constitution will be allowed to stand in cases where those who do have standing find it in their political interests to refrain from taking action. With its focus on personal interest, the current approach excludes the altruistic applicant and runs counter to the theory that all citizens have a right to ensure that the Constitution is complied with. This paper examines the way in which the actio popularis of Roman law served the ideal of the engaged citizen by enabling citizens to initiate legal action to enforce public duties, and how modern equivalents of the actio in a number of jurisdictions achieve the same purpose. The paper draws on John Rawls’ theory of justice in arguing for reform of the law on standing in Australia so as to confer open standing in constitutional cases.

Bad Testimony: Making and Breaking the Rules of Witnessing

2018 ◽  
pp. 14-64
Author(s):  
Hannah Pollin-Galay
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
National Institutions ◽  
The Ideal ◽  
The Way

What is testimony? While most theorists have defined testimony based on deep truth structures, here the question is approached inductively, asking what kinds of speech the participants in each setting consider testimonial, and thus worth recording, and which they do not. In each ecology, participants rely on a different testimonial genre, a cluster of qualities and imaginative ideals, which helps them produce a recording together: 1) testimony in the English-language American context should be personal, in the way that the witness’s voice sounds and allegorical in its possible rhetorical outcome, 2) a communal witness voice, an “I” that incorporates political and national institutions, is more prominent among Hebrew-Israeli witnesses, and monumentality, the greatness or dignity of the narrator, is the ideal outcome of the process, 3) witnesses in the Yiddish-Lithuanian ecology tend to speak from an informal collective perspective, and point toward forensic accusation as the most ethical outcome of testifying. Since the power of these frameworks remains invisible when they are consensually applied, their presence becomes clearest, in fact, when participants run into conflict—in what we might call moments of “bad testimony.” The chapter also offers a brief genealogy of testimony taking in each of the three settings.

scholarly journals Exploration of the Way out for Education Reform Based on the Status Quo of Chinese and Foreign Education Systems

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Yifan Wang
Keyword(s):  
Education Reform ◽  
Education System ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
New Era ◽  
The Status ◽  
Practical Reality ◽  
The Government ◽  
Foreign Education ◽  
Education In China ◽  
The Way

 Against the backdrop of growing national strength and rapid economic development, the government has placed more emphasis on education. In recent years, remarkable achievements have been registered in terms of education in China, which lays a solid foundation for cultivating comprehensive professionally-trained personnel in the new era. However, the current education system is ridden with many setbacks and problems. This paper conducts an analysis of the specific conditions of education both at home and abroad, status quo of education in China, makes some reflections on the direction and measures of China's education reform based on the practical reality of education in China. Measures should be taken to inject personalities into the traditional, exam-oriented education system, which keeps pace with the new era. As is known to all, it's important to strike a balance between public education and non-government funded education in a scientific and reasonable manner. The overhauling of traditional education policies will pave the way for China's educational renaissance and realize the great blueprint of the Chinese dream. 

scholarly journals From 'Politics in Command' to 'Economics in Command': A Discourse Analysis of China's Transformation

2005 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 65-87
Author(s):  
Li Xing
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Communist Party ◽  
Driving Force ◽  
Chinese Communist Party ◽  
Discourse Theory ◽  
Political Arena ◽  
Chinese Revolution ◽  
Political Project ◽  
The Way

This article proposes a framework for understanding the way the Chinese Revolution emerged, developed and achieved power (1921-49), then further consolidated in the period of socialist 'uninterrupted revolution' (1949-77) and was finally abandoned by the post-Mao regime (1977 to the present). This analysis is based on a perspective of discourse theories framed in historically new forms of political, social and ideological relations. In other words, it attempts to conceptualize the transformation of China and the Chinese Communist Party by analysing the role of ideological discourses (arguments and interpretations) and the cognitive elements (beliefs, goals, desires, expertise, knowledge) as the driving-force behind societal transformations. The discourse theory applied here – logocentrism and econocentrism – also serves both as a political arena of struggle to confer legitimacy on a specific socio-political project and as a distinctive cog ni tive and evaluative framework for understanding societal transformations. The conceptualization of the paper is informed by the work of David Apter and Tony Saich on discourse theory.

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