scholarly journals Educational Transfer, Modernization and Development: The Transnational Approach in History of Education Studies

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Manuel Ferraz Lorenzo ◽  
Cristian Machado-Trujillo

Research focused on the concept of the international or, rather, of international influences and interdependencies, has become a highly recurrent line of work that has been acquiring a notable presence in the field of the History of Education. The objective of this approach to historiographical work is justified as it attempts to explain with a better precision and accuracy what has happened within national borders, or even within more defined perimeters such as regional and local ones. The transfer of ideas and projects, the importation or imitation of pedagogical models, the transfer and influence of educational and school practices, the links and connections between different cultural scenarios and knowledge, the dependencies and interdependencies of international organizations, among other aspects, have led to new and more plausible analyses of educational processes and the political and social will that fostered them. The present work focuses on researching how these practices have evolved, and their networks of connection and exchange, in order to better understand educational and curricular policies in their historical development.

Author(s):  
R.V. Vaidyanatha Ayyar

This book chronicles the history of education policymaking in India. The focus of the book is on the period from 1964 when the landmark Kothari Commission was constituted; however, to put the policy developments in this period into perspective major developments since the Indian Education Commission (1882) have been touched upon. The distinctiveness of the book lies in the rare insights which come from the author’s experience of making policy at the state, national and international levels; it is also the first book on the making of Indian education policy which brings to bear on the narrative comparative and historical perspectives it, which pays attention to the process and politics of policymaking and the larger setting –the political and policy environment- in which policies were made at different points of time, which attempts to subject regulation of education to a systematic analyses the way regulation of utilities or business or environment had been, and integrates judicial policymaking with the making and implementation of education policies. In fact for the period subsequent to 1979, there have been articles- may be a book or two- on some aspects of these developments individually; however, there is no comprehensive narrative that covers developments as a whole and places them against the backdrop of national and global political, economic, and educational developments.


2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-24
Author(s):  
Leonardo Capezzone

Abstract The history of Khaldunian readings in the twentieth century reveals an analytical capacity of non-Orientalists definitely greater than that demonstrated by the Orientalists. The latter, at least until the 1950s, prove to be prisoners of that syndrome denounced by Edward Said’s Orientalism (1978), which projected on Islamic historical development a specificity and an alterity, which make it an exception in world history. Orientalist scholarship has often wanted to see in Ibn Khaldūn’s critical attitude to the philosophy of al-Fārābī and Averroes only the confirmation of the primacy of the sharīʿa over Platonic nomos. This article seeks to highlight some aspects of Ibn Khaldūn’s critique of classical political thought of Islamic philosophy. His critique focuses on the importance given to the juridical dimension of social becoming, and to the role of the political body of the jurists in the making of the City. Those aspects witness Ibn Khaldūn’s effort to interpret change and fractures as factors which make sense of history and decadence.


2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 237
Author(s):  
MSc. Dorina Xheraj-Subashi

The history of the property as general heritage and access to the entire society is a phenomenon which took matter during the French Revolution, where the entire heritage, especially of museums, should be considered as a public possession of all, in order to disseminate knowledge to all. In the Albanian context, the history to this heritage and the awareness took place in other circumstances, given the history and various developments in Albania. Given such circumstances, our analysis will be focused on the historical development and attention to national heritage, which was propagated at the same time as raising and awareness of missing values. These values have been attempt in different ways and related and have also changed during years of totalitarian period and then with the change of the political system.The paper tries to bring an overview of holistic term of culture heritage including museum law interpretation as part of cultural heritage legislation.


Author(s):  
Annalise Oatman ◽  
Kate Majewski

This chapter examines the conflict in Myanmar and its historical development as an example of the way that rape is wielded as a weapon of war. It also provides a discussion of advocacy for the ethnic minority women of Myanmar at the grassroots, national, and international levels. It reviews statistics on conflict-related rape and theories regarding the social and political forces driving it. It examines the political history of Myanmar and the status of Myanmarese women. It also discusses the way that current conditions have set the stage for conflict-related rape in Myanmar and data on its prevalence. It discusses the extradition of the rapist of a 7-year-old girl, Myanmarese grassroots efforts to address this issue, and international proposals for reform. In addition, it discusses the way that the “legal culture” of a nation can get in the way of the enactment of international legislation.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hilbeen Mohammed Ahmed

الملخصيعد محمد طاهر الدباغ احد الرموز التربوية وابرز مفكرين المملكة العربية السعودية، حيث وضع اللبنات الاساسية لتاريخ التعليم في المملكة,حيث يعد من ابرز رجال العهد الهاشمي وبسبب اخلاصه وامانته اسند اليه الشريف الحسين مالية جدة وبعد تولى الملك عبد العزيز بن سعود مقاليد الامور في المملكة عين مديراً للمعارف وقدم خدمات في مجال التعليم. لم يقتصر دوره في مجال التعليم حيث كانت له اهتمامات في الجانب السياسي ايضا وبسبب سمعته الطيبة اسند الية مناصب سياسية فكان سكرتيراًللحزب الوطني الحجازي في عهد الهاشمي وايضا شغل منصب رئيس حزب الاحرار الحجازي وكان يعتبر من ابرز شخصيات الحزب المذكور كما كانت له نشاطات متعددة ضد الملك عبد العزيز بن سعود.SummaryMuhammad Taher al-Dabbagh is considered one of the educational symbols and the most prominent thinkers in the history of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. He set the basic blocks for the history of education in the Kingdom and was also considered one of the most prominent men in the era of Al-Hashemi. And because of his sincerity and honesty, he was assigned as a treasury secretary of Jeddah. After King Abdul Aziz bin Saud claimed the kingdom, Muhammad Taher al – Dabbagh was appointed as a director of knowledge and he provided services in the field of education. His role was not limited to education, as he had interests in the political side as well, and because of his good reputation, he was assigned in different political positions. He was appointed as a secretary of the National Hijazi Party during the reign of Al-Hashemi and also held the position of head of the Free Hijazi Party and was considered one of the most prominent figures of the aforementioned party. It is worth to mention that MhammadTaher al –Dabbagh had multiple activitiesagainst King Abd Aziz.


Author(s):  
Mariano González-Delgado ◽  
Óscar J. Martín García

The purpose of the article is to present those studies in the field of the History of Education that have emphasized international influences and educational modernization. To do this, the first part of this article addresses the origin of this type of research within the History of Education. We then focus on analyzing the subsequent evolution that occurred with the beginning of the transnational turn and its impact on educational-historical research. Through a bibliographic review, we attempt to highlight the importance of studying international organizations, public diplomacy, the Cold War and Modernization Theory in order to understand the transformations that took place in educational systems worldwide during the second half of the 20th century. All these elements reveal more clearly the factors that made countries with different political regimes, cultural traditions or educational models begin to develop similar educational policies. Finally, this article points out the value of new research to understand the origin and development of certain policies at the international level. 


2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 139
Author(s):  
Dilhermando Ferreira Campos ◽  
Márcia Maria Fusaro Pinto

A necessidade de disseminar a formação técnico-científica advinda com o modo de produção moderno foi um fator influente no estabelecimento dos atuais sistemas de ensino. A partir de uma perspectiva mais utilitária dada à educação, responsável por muitas características do currículo e das práticas escolares, o modelo educacional foi se adequando às novas demandas e níveis de organização social. Para compreender melhor esse processo e seus conflitos internos, utilizaremos os conceitos da teoria da atividade, mais especificamente o modelo de tipos históricos elaborado por Y. Engeström para sistematizar a evolução de uma atividade ao longo da história.Palavras-chave: teoria da atividade. história da educação. formação técnico-científica. AbstractThe need to wider disseminate the technical and scientific education arising from the modern modes of production was an influential factor in the establishment of the current educational systems. Attributing to education a more utilitarian perspective, responsible for many features of the curriculum and school practices, the educational model has been adapted to the new demands and levels of social organization. In order to better understand this process as well as its internal conflicts, we will use notions of the activity theory, specifically the historical type model developed by Y. Engeström to systematize the evolution of an activity throughout of history.Keywords: Activity theory. History of Education. Technical and scientific professional education.ResumenLa necesidad de difundir la formación técnico-científica que surge con el modo de producción moderno, era un factor influyente en el establecimiento de los sistemas de enseñanzas actuales. Desde una perspectiva más utilitaria dada a la educación, responsable por muchas características del currículo y de las prácticas escolares, el modelo educativo se ha ido adaptando a las nuevas demandas y niveles de organización social. Para entender mejor este proceso y sus conflictos internos, utilizaremos los conceptos de la teoría de la actividad, más específicamente el modelo de tipos históricos elaborados por Y. Engeström para sistematizar la evolución de una actividad a lo largo de la historia.Palabras claves: Teoría de la actividad. Historia de la Educación. Formación técnico-científica.


2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 481-503
Author(s):  
Antonella Cagnolati

This paper investigates the representation of university students in the collective Italian imaginary during ’68 through the contemporary articles published in La Stampa and Stampa Sera describing the student uprisings at the University of Turin (Italy). The paper draws on a large amount of articles published in the daily newspapers La Stampa and Stampa Sera (nearly 400, from January to June 1968, the most dynamic phase of the protests) to highlight how journalists constructed the narrative of the rebellion by criticising the image of the rebel students, using words loaded with negative meanings and delegitimising their claims without any effort to understand their motivations. The image of the students that emerges from the articles over the period of time considered is negative, constructed to underline the destructive nature of the demonstrations against the political and social system of Italy in the 1960s. There was an unfailing tendency to highlight the rioting, disturbance of lessons, and physical and verbal attacks against teachers and the police, and the language used were reminiscent of that employed in times of war. The daily national press of the time is a rich source of material, with considerable interpretative and explanatory potential; in reconstructing the events day by day, it enables us to conduct an in-depth investigation into the ideology and the imaginary at play in a given space and time. It explores corners of the history of education that escape official recording and reveals the focus of interest and the priorities of the media groups.


2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 134
Author(s):  
Géza Antal Entz

A tanulmány amellett érvel, hogy eredményes város- és településfejlesztés, csak úgy képzelhető el, ha azt a mai szükségletek felmérésén túl az épített és természeti környezet komplex ismeretére alapozzák. A legtöbb nyugat-európai országban a hosszú távú és folyamatos műemléki topográfiai kutatómunka biztosítja az ehhez szükséges tudás és ismeretek szilárd alapját. A magyar műemlékvédelem másfél százados története során szintén voltak figyelemre méltó erőfeszítések annak érdekében, hogy az ország műemlékeinek, illetve tágabban műemléki értékeinek kor-szerű és többé-kevésbé naprakész kataszterét megalkossák, de ezzel a szükséges szakmai mélységben sohasem sikerült a teljes ország teljes területét lefedni és az 1950 és az 1980-as évek vége közötti periódustól eltekintve, a vállalkozás mindig csak részlegesen, gyakori megszakításokkal és hosszú szünetekkel valósulhatott meg. Az 1990-ben bekövetkezett politikai rendszerváltozás után minden szakmai érv amellett szólt, hogy újrainduljon a magyarországi műemléki értékállomány rend-szerelvű számbavétele. A magyar épített örökség jellegzetességei alapján a topográfiai számbavétel szempontjából szóba jövő objektumok száma jelenleg 300.000-re becsülhető. Ezt a célt szem előtt tartva a tanulmány tömör, átfogó képet ad Német-ország, Ausztria, Svájc, Franciaország és érintőlegesen Anglia példáján a műemléki inventarizáció, illetve topográfia európai, elsősorban kontinentális fejlődéséről, aláhúzva a műemléki topográfia és a műemlékvédelem elméleti és gyakorlati kihívásai közti szoros összefüggést és a társadalmi háttér jelentőségét. --- Inventorization of Monuments and Making Accessible the Built Heritage The author argues, that any kind of settlement or town development needs the complex and thorough knowledge of the built and natural environment in question. The long term and continuous research in the field of monument’s inventorization has provided the solid foundation for all these aspects of knowledge in most of the western European countries for more than a century. In the course of the one and a century old history of monuments protection in Hungary there were also notable efforts to create an up-to-date and updated inventory of every kind of monument in the country, but it never managed to cover the territory as a whole to the required professional depth, and apart from a period from1950 to the end of the 1980s the project was fulfilled only partially, interrupted many times and with protracted gaps. After the change in the political system in 1990 all the professional arguments promote the effort to restart the systematic inventorization of the monumental substance of Hungary. According to the characteristics of the built heritage, in Hungary the number of the objects which today have to be taken into consideration might be estimated as being as many as 300,000. In favour of this ambition the study provides a concise overview of the historical development of the European, primarily continental development of monuments inventorization (Germany, Austria, Switzerland, France and superficially England), underlining the connection between the inventorization and the practical and theoretical challenges of monuments protection, and their societal background.Keywords: inventorization of monuments, built heritage, Inventory of Historical Monuments, protection of monuments


2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (9) ◽  
pp. 3
Author(s):  
Priscilla Verona

A historiografia educacional brasileira, sobretudo no que tange aos estudos referentes ao século XIX, caracterizou frequentemente o negro como um escravo, que, destituído de direitos, estabelecia uma relação de exclusão com a sociedade e com os processos educativos. Ao não ser considerado um sujeito social pela historiografia tradicional, o negro se manteve durante longo período de tempo à margem também de nossa historiografia da educação. No entanto, nas últimas décadas vem se consubstanciando um movimento rico de superação do silencionamento que foi produzido em relação aos negros na história da educação. Abordagens mais problematizantes aliadas ao surgimento de inúmeras pesquisas e iniciativas passaram a privilegiar e considerar o papel ativo do negro dentro da história da educação no Brasil. Nesse sentido, o artigo se propõe a realizar um breve balanço, buscando sobretudo trazer perspectivas para se pensar o Estado - Nação imperial por meio de uma série de contribuições que dão visibilidade ao protagonismo negro na história.***Brazilian educational historiography, especially with regard to studies relates to the nineteenth century, often characterized  the black as a slave, who deprived of rights, established a relationship of exclusion with society and educational processes. Not being considered a social subject by traditional historiography, the  black remained for a long period of time also on the fringes of our historiography of education. However, in recent decades there has been a rich movement to overcome the silencing that has been produced in relation to blacks in the history of education. More problematic approaches coupled with the emergence of numerous researches and initiatives began to privilege and consider the active role of blacks within the history of education in Brasil. In this sense, the article proposes to make a brief balance, seeking above all to bring perspectives to think the imperial Nation State.  


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