scholarly journals Inactivation of antinutritional factors that compose the grain and soybean and losses in the extrusion process

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 55
Author(s):  
Daniel Mantovani ◽  
Marcos Lúcio Corazza ◽  
Lúcio Cardozo Filho ◽  
Silvio Claudio Da Costa
Keyword(s):  
Soluble Protein ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Time Pressure ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Extrusion Process ◽  
Antinutritional Factors ◽  
Whole Grain ◽  
Extrusion Processing ◽  
Final Fraction ◽  
Process Combination

&nbsp; <p class="Default" style="text-align: justify; line-height: 200%;">Extrusion is a process in which the soybean is plasticized and baked through a process combination&nbsp; that involves high temperature, reduced time, pressure and friction, to inactivate the antinutritional factors present in soybeans, among them factor antitrypsin, chymotrypsin and others. Thus, the study aimed to evaluate losses during extrusion processing of soybean after the reactor output. A total of 10 samples were collected from the final product and then classified into six groups: total sample grain; normal whole; spoiled whole; burnt whole; normal broken, and burnt broken. The analyses were performed based on the quality controls such as moisture; crude protein; soluble protein, and urease. However, the physical-chemical analyses results found for normal whole grain were mostly different (P&nbsp;&lt;&nbsp;0.05) from those found for the other samples evaluated. The burnt broken grains presented lower (P&nbsp;&lt; 0.05) values of humidity, crude protein, soluble protein and urease in relation to those obtained for normal whole grain. It was concluded that after the extrusion process the samples of grains whole normal and broken represent up the largest yield of the final portion (90%) and urease, soluble protein within values parameters required by the National Association of Feed Manufacturers. However 10% of the samples final fraction showed low nutritional value and should be used for other purposes.</p><p class="Default" style="text-align: justify; line-height: 200%;">&nbsp;</p><p class="Default" style="text-align: justify; line-height: 200%;">&nbsp;</p><p class="Default" style="text-align: justify; line-height: 200%;">DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14685/rebrapa.v2i1.32</p>

The methodology of experimental research of the feed components extrusion process in order to improve its energy performance

2020 ◽  
pp. 147-152
Author(s):  
E. M. Ratnikov ◽  
D. O. Milko
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Extrusion Process ◽  
Mathematical Methods ◽  
Screw Extruder ◽  
Mathematical Planning ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Extrusion Processing ◽  
Definition Of

Annotation Purpose. Development of a program and methods for conducting experimental studies of the extrusion process with the definition of parameters and modes of operation of the extruder to improve its energy performance. Methods. Methods of mathematical statistics, synthesis, analysis, description and modeling were used. Results. The application of mathematical methods, in particular mathematical planning, reduces the number of experiments several times, and allows to evaluate the role of influencing factors, obtain a mathematical model of the process and determine the optimal conditions for its parameters and modes, etc. Conclusions. The methodology for experimental studies of a screw extruder is presented with the necessary equipment and methodology for processing the obtained experimental data. A mathematical method of planning, which reduces the number of experiments several times, allows us to evaluate the role of factors affecting productivity and energy intensity is presented. Keywords: extruder, auger, nutrients, research methodology, extrusion, processing, feed.

Definition of a JA-2 Equivalent Propellant to be Produced by Continuous Solventless Extrusion

2013 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thelma G. Manning ◽  
Joseph Leone ◽  
Martijn Zebregs ◽  
Dinesh R. Ramlal ◽  
Chris A. van Driel
Keyword(s):  
Extrusion Process ◽  
Continuous Manufacturing ◽  
Twin Screw Extrusion ◽  
Extrusion Processing ◽  
Roll Mill ◽  
Screw Extrusion ◽  
Twin Screw ◽  
Ballistic Properties ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Double Base

In order to eliminate residual solvents in ammunition and to reduce the emissions of volatile organic compounds to the atmosphere, the U.S. Army ARDEC has teamed with TNO in developing a new process for the production of solventless propellant for tank ammunition. To reduce the costs of solventless propellants production, shear roll mill and continuous extrusion processing was investigated. As described in this paper JA-2 a double base propellant cannot be processed without solvent by the extrusion process. An alternative JA-2 equivalent propellant was defined. The aim of this work is to demonstrate the manufacturing of this propellant by solventless continuous twin screw extrusion processing while maintaining gun performance characteristics of conventional JA-2 propellant. This is elucidated by explicitly researching the relationship between interior ballistic properties of the gun propellant and utilizing a continuous manufacturing process. Processing conditions were established, and the propellant was manufactured accordingly. The extruded propellant has the desired properties, which resulted in a comparable gun performance as the conventional JA-2 propellant.

Stability of Thiamine and Riboflavin During Extrusion Processing of Triticale

1976 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 244-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. BEETNER ◽  
T. TSAO ◽  
A. FREY ◽  
K. LORENZ
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Temperature Effects ◽  
Initial Moisture Content ◽  
Final Moisture Content ◽  
Whole Grain ◽  
Moisture Contents ◽  
Extrusion Processing ◽  
Nozzle Size ◽  
The Relationship

Triticale kernels were extruded using a Brabender Plasticorder extruder with ¾-inch rifled barrel and 1:1 flight depth ratio screw. Whole grain samples were extruded at initial moisture contents of 15, 20, and 25%. Debranned samples were extruded at an initial moisture content of 22%. Barrel temperatures of 350, 400, and 450 F and nozzle openings of 1/8 inch and 1/16 inch were used. The products were analyzed for thiamine and riboflavin content. Results were corrected for final moisture content and expressed as fraction retained. A multiple regression was done to determine the relationship between independent and derived variables, and the retention. Riboflavin retention was correlated simply as a function of barrel temperature. Thiamine retention of the debranned material was correlated as a function of nozzle size and barrel temperature. Thiamine retention of the whole grain samples was correlated for nozzle size, first and second order temperature effects, and confounding between nozzle size and temperature.

scholarly journals Effects of extrusion process on Fusarium and Alternaria mycotoxins in whole grain triticale flour

LWT ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 155 ◽  
pp. 112926
Author(s):  
Elizabet Janić Hajnal ◽  
Janja Babič ◽  
Lato Pezo ◽  
Vojislav Banjac ◽  
Radmilo Čolović ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Extrusion Process ◽  
Whole Grain ◽  
Alternaria Mycotoxins

Whole grain cereal diets for rabbits

1984 ◽  
Vol 1984 ◽  
pp. 154-154
Author(s):  
Mary Payne ◽  
E. Owen ◽  
B.S. Capper ◽  
J.F. Wood
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Whole Grain ◽  
Tropical Conditions ◽  
Gross Energy ◽  
Feeding Trials ◽  
Pelleted Diet ◽  
Whole Grain Cereal

The suitability of feeding whole grain cereal (maize or sorghum) in diets was investigated in three individual-feeding trials conducted under simulated tropical conditions. In each trial rabbits were allocated to one of four diets (Table 1); complete pelleted diet based on maize (PM), whole maize plus pelleted concentrate supplement (WM), complete pelleted diet based on sorghum (PS) or whole sorghum plus pelleted concentrate supplement (WS). In Trial 1 whole maise and whole sorghum contained 84 and 103 g crude protein/kg dry matter (DM) respectively. In Trials 3 and 3 whole maize and whole sorghum contained 60 and 98 g crude protein/kg DM and 18.87 and 18.67 MJ gross energy/kg DM respectively.

Extrusion Swelling on the Co-Extrusion Process of Variable-Burning Rate Propellant by Numerical Simulation

2015 ◽  
Vol 727-728 ◽  
pp. 377-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Chai ◽  
Zhong Liang Ma
Keyword(s):  
Burning Rate ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Extrusion Process ◽  
Diameter Ratio ◽  
Strain Response ◽  
Three Dimensional Flow ◽  
Extrusion Dies ◽  
Extrusion Processing ◽  
Control Interface ◽  
Extrusion Swell

The three-dimensional flow of seven holes variable-burning rate propellant in co-extrusion dies was simulated based on finite element method. The influence of long diameter ratio to interface radius and extrusion swell were analyzed. The result shows that keep the length to diameter ratio L/D0 between 3.5 ~ 13, can control interface radius changes in the process of the extrusion processing co-extrusion processing .And D/D0 reflect the viscoelastic fluid from the shear strain response ability.

Utilization of Highly Deoxynivalenol-Contaminated Wheat Via Extrusion Processing

1999 ◽  
Vol 62 (12) ◽  
pp. 1485-1487 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. ACCERBI ◽  
V. E. A. RINALDI ◽  
P. K. W. NG
Keyword(s):  
Extrusion Process ◽  
Sodium Bisulfite ◽  
Extrusion Cooking ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Extrusion Processing ◽  
High Temperature And Pressure ◽  
Temperature And Pressure ◽  
Soft Winter Wheat ◽  
Extruded Products ◽  
Natural Metabolite

Deoxynivalenol (DON) is a toxic natural metabolite produced by Fusarium graminearum. In this study we investigated the effects of sodium bisulfite and extrusion cooking under high temperature and pressure on DON levels in wheat grain and mill fractions. Samples of highly naturally DON-contaminated soft winter wheat were soaked for 1 h in water or aqueous sodium bisulfite (SB) solutions (0.5, 1.5, 2.5, or 5% SO2 equivalent) and extruded. The soaking treatment with SB solution (5% SO2 equivalent) lowered DON from 7.3 μg/g to 0.8 μg/g without extrusion and to 0.3 μg/g with an extrusion process. When the contaminated kernels were tempered with water or SB solutions (5 or 10% SO2 equivalent) and milled, the flour samples, as expected, showed lower levels of DON (from 7.3 to 3.1 μg/g). Extrusion of milled flour and whole meal samples, both obtained from SB-tempered wheat, did not change DON levels significantly under the studied extrusion conditions as compared to the nonextruded milled flour and whole meal samples. However, the extrusion process can be utilized to remove moisture and/or odor of chemicals used in the soaking solutions and to produce potentially useful extruded products.

The food intake and growth of Australian feral cross Angora kids when fed whole grain barley-lupins diets with three levels of roughage intake

1984 ◽  
Vol 24 (124) ◽  
pp. 77 ◽  
Author(s):  
BA McGregor
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Barley Grain ◽  
Whole Grain ◽  
Total Food Intake ◽  
Total Food ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Ad Libitum Feeding ◽  
Basal Ration

Kids six months old and of mean liveweight 22 kg were offered a basal ration of barley and lupins (crude protein 15 .4%) supplemented with three levels of chopped hay (0, 13% of total intake and ad libitum). Supplementation of the basal ration with 13% hay increased total dry matter intake from 479 to 753 g/d (P< 0.001) and liveweight gain from 10 to 54 g/d (P<0 .01). Non-significant increases in total food intake and liveweight gains were achieved by supplementing with ad libitum hay; kids fed ad libitum hay actually consumed 26.9% of their diet as hay. They were then offered various mixtures of barley, oats and lupins with 13% chopped hay at near ad libitum feeding. Differences in intake or growth were not significant at P= 0.05 with kids growing at 74, 65 and 101 g/d for those fed barley, oats and lupins respectively. Results indicate that highest food intake was obtained when 13% chopped hay was added to whole barley grain rations.

scholarly journals Efektivitas Vaksinasi Crude dan Soluble Protein Spora Myxobolus Koi terhadap Tingkat Kerusakan Usus Ikan Koi (Cyprinus carpio Koi) [ The Effectivety Crude and Soluble Protein of Myxobolus Koi Spore againts Intestine Different Degrees in Koi (Cyprinus carpio Koi)]

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 55
Author(s):  
Rachma Woro Anggarani ◽  
Gunanti Mahasri ◽  
Lucia Tri Suwanti
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Cyprinus Carpio ◽  
Soluble Protein ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Soluble Proteins ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Group I ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cyprinus Carpio Koi

Abstract Myxobolus koi is one species of Myxobolus sp that can cause parasitic diseases in fish called Myxobolusis. Based on the Decree of the Minister of Marine and Fisheries No: KEP.03/MEN/2010 that Myxobolus koi in the list of Fish Quarantine Pests group I. Myxosporean diseases are most numerous in the water can cause Proliferative Kidney Disease (PKD) and Whirling Disease (WD). The aim of this research is to finding, analyzing and determining the protein of spores Myxobolus koi that can effectively reduce the level of damage to the intestinal organs as well as for the prevention myxobolusis on Koi’s. Then for finding, analyzing and determining the protein of spores Myxobolus koi do isolation of spore proteins. The study consisted of three phases examination to preparation and identification of spores, isolation and analyze of crude and soluble protein spores for obtain dose and molecular weight each protein and histopathological test. This research uses descriptive method. The data presented may be narratives, images, tables or charts for each group. Intestinal histopathology test results of research carried scoring Koi’s were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis. The results showed a profile crude protein and soluble proteins from spores Myxobolus koi showed that the molecular weight of crude protein Myxobolus koi in this study was 150 kDa and 72 kDa and for soluble protein was 73 kDa. Results scoring the degree of infection caused by exposure to Myxobolus koi then statistically processed with an average yield of scoring in a sequence of 0; 1.6; 0.64 and 0.32. Statistical analysis showed no significant difference in the treatment of K + with crude protein, and K + with soluble proteins. Statistical analysis showed that there were significant differences in treatment with K+ and K-, K- with soluble protein and crude protein and soluble protein. Histopathological changes in the intestine in the form of inflammatory cell infiltration, necrosis and haemorage

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