scholarly journals Reliability of Panoramic Radiography for Vertical Facial Pattern Assessment Assessment

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Waqar Jeelani ◽  
◽  
Maheen Ahmed ◽  
Shakeel Ahmed ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Test Statistics ◽  
Lateral Cephalogram ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Gonial Angle ◽  
Lateral Cephalograms ◽  
Orthodontic Patients ◽  
Facial Pattern ◽  
Dental Screening

The orthopantomogram (OPG) is a common dental screening radiograph that has multiple implications. However, lateral cephalogram is the investigation of choice for the assessment of vertical facial pattern. Objective: The aim of the current study was to investigate the validity of an OPG parameter i.e. panoramic gonial angle (PGoA) for the assessment of the vertical facial pattern. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on the pretreatment OPG and lateral cephalograms of 200 orthodontic patients aged 15-40 years. The PGoA was measured on both sides and an average was used for statistical analysis. The Pearson’s correlations of PGoA were measured with cephalometric gonial angle (CGoA), SN-GoGn, MMA, FMA, LAFH/TAFH% and PFH/TAFH%. The diagnostic test statistics were applied for PGoA against gold standard “definitive diagnosis (DD)” derived from SN GoGn and FMA. A p-value ofResults: The mean CGoA was 121.18º ± 5.16º which was significantly different (pConclusion: The current study identifies PGoA as a valid tool for the assessment of vertical facial pattern of orthodontic patients with its normal value 116º±3º in our sample.

scholarly journals Gonial Angle by Lateral Cephalogram in Orthodontic Patients of a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 59 (237) ◽  
Author(s):  
Manju Bajracharya ◽  
Anjana Rajbhandari ◽  
Resina Pradhan ◽  
Pushkar Manandhar ◽  
Surendra Maharjan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Lateral Cephalogram ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Gonial Angle ◽  
Orthodontic Patients ◽  
The Mean

Introduction: The Gonial angle is an important parameter of the craniofacial complex for growth Patterns prediction. The gonial angle on lateral cephalometric radiograph represents the mandibular morphology concerning mandibular body and ramus. The objective of this study was to find out the mean value of gonial angle in lateral cephalometric radiographs of patients of orthodontic department in a tertiary care center. Methods: The descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among patients from the Department of Orthodontics at People’s Dental College and Hospital between 8th December 2020 to 8th February 2021 at People’s Dental College and Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal after obtaining Ethical approval (Reference Number. 01, CH100 09,2077/2078) by the Institutional Review Committee. A convenience sampling technique was used to collect 166 pre-treatment lateral cephalograms radiographs of patients between 17-30 years. Data were collected and entered using Statistical Package of Social Science 16. Results: The mean value of gonial angle on lateral cephalogram radiographs was 132.84±3.70 in hyperdivergent, 119.94±5.57 in hypodivergent and 124.06±3.88 in normodivergent vertical skeletal patterns and between male and female were 132.52±4.32, 133.07±3.28 in hyperdivergent, 121.46±3.78, 119.14±6.42 in hypodivergent and 123.74±5.14, 123.94±3.90 in normodivergent vertical skeletal patterns of Orthodontic Patients. Conclusions: The gonial angle value on lateral cephalometric radiographs was greater in hyperdivergent than hypodivergent and normodivergent vertical skeletal patterns. The hyperdivergent vertical skeletal pattern of female was greater than of male patient’s lateral cephalometric radiographs while hypodivergent and normodivergent vertical skeletal patterns of males were greater than female lateral cephalogram radiographs of Nepalese orthodontic patients.

scholarly journals Correlation between frontal sinus dimensions and cephalometric indices: A cross-sectional study

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (01) ◽  
pp. 064-070 ◽  
Author(s):  
Azita Tehranchi ◽  
Saeed Reza Motamedian ◽  
Sara Saedi ◽  
Sattar Kabiri ◽  
Shireen Shidfar
Keyword(s):  
Growth Pattern ◽  
Frontal Sinus ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Skeletal Growth ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Gonial Angle ◽  
Craniofacial Structure ◽  
Anterior Cranial Base ◽  
Lateral Cephalograms ◽  
Study Population

ABSTRACT Objective: Growth prediction plays a significant role in accurate diagnosis and treatment planning of orthodontics patients. It was hypothesized that the unique pattern of pneumatization of the frontal sinus as a component of craniofacial structure would influence the skeletal growth pattern and may be used as a growth predictor. Materials and Methods: A total of 144 subjects (78 females and 66 males) with a mean age of 19.26 ± 4.66 years were included in this retrospective study. Posterior-anterior and lateral cephalograms (LCs) were used to measure the frontal sinus dimensions. The skeletal growth pattern and relations of craniofacial structures were analyzed on LC using variables for sagittal and vertical analyses. Correlation between the frontal sinus dimensions and cephalometric indices was assessed by the Pearson's correlation coefficient. Results: The SN-FH and SNA angles had significant associations with frontal sinus dimensions in all enrolled subjects (P < 0.05). In males, the SN-FH, sum of posterior angles, Pal-SN, and Jarabak index were significantly associated with the size of frontal sinus (P < 0.05). In females, the associations of SN-FH and gonial angles with frontal sinus dimensions were significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The results show that larger size of frontal sinus was associated with reduced inclination of the anterior cranial base, increased anterior facial height (in males), and increased gonial angle (in females) in the study population.

scholarly journals Identification of an Alternate Maxillary Apical Base Landmark from Pre-existing Substitution given by Different Authors

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-40
Author(s):  
Kunal Patel Patel ◽  
Kartik Parikh ◽  
Varun Pratap Singh ◽  
Jay Soni
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Lateral Cephalogram ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Skeletal Class ◽  
Lateral Cephalograms ◽  
Beta Angle ◽  
Operational Errors ◽  
Apical Base

Introduction: It is often difficult to locate Point A in a lateral cephalogram due to operational errors. Faulty identification of PointA can lead to erroneous measurement and faulty diagnosis.Objective: To identify nearest alternative maxillary apical base landmark for Point A substitutions given by different authors.Materials & Method: A cross sectional study was conducted on thirty good quality lateral cephalograms, which were appraisedfor skeletal Class I with the help of parameters angle ANB, WITS appraisal and Beta angle. Only those lateral cephalogramswere selected where Point A was easily identified. Landmarks: Sella (S), Nasion (N), Point A and three substitution points Y, L, Xwere traced. Angles formed by SN with Point A (Angle SNA) and three substitution points (Angle SNY, SNX, SNL) were measured.Correlation of angle SNA with angles SNY, SNX and SNL were derived.Result: A mean value of 82.8o ±1.9o, 83.1o ±1.8o, 78.3o ±2.9o and 78.7o ±2.7o for Angle’s SNA, SNY, SNL and SNX respectivelywas observed. A statistically significant correlation was observed between angles SNA and SNY, SNL, SNX; and strong positivecorrelation was observed with angle SNY.Conclusion: Point Y is the most nearing maxillary apical base landmark to Point A. Hence maxillary apical base landmark canbe substituted by Point Y where identification of point A is not obvious.

scholarly journals GONIAL ANGLE DETERMINATION; A COMPARISON BETWEEN LATERAL CEPHALOGRAM AND BOTH HEMISPHERES OF ORTHOPANTOMOGRAM

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
pp. 1460-63
Author(s):  
Mehwish Khan ◽  
Faheem Nake Akhtar ◽  
Abdullah Jan ◽  
Fatima Hamid ◽  
Sana Tariq
Keyword(s):  
Study Design ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Posterior Border ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Lateral Cephalogram ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Gonial Angle ◽  
The Mean

Objective: To evaluate the mean values of Genial angle measured by Lateral cephalogram and Orthopantomogram. Study Design: comparative cross sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Armed Forces Institute of Dentistry, Rawalpindi, from Aug 2018 to Feb 2019. Methodology: Patients irrespective of gender between the ages of 13-20 who reported for the treatment of class I malocclusion with complete anterior dentition were included. Orthopantomogram and lateral cephalogram were drawn by the same person. Gonial angle on orthopantomogram was measured by drawing tangents on posterior border of ramus and lower border of mandible on both halves of orthopantomogram. On lateral cephalogram the angle was measured between ramus and mandible. Gonial angle measured from lateral cephalogram and orthopantomogram were compared. T-test was applied. Results: Mean age of the individuals was 18.33 ± 3.97 years. The mean gonial angle measured on lateral cephalogram was 122.66 ± 1.64 degrees while the mean gonial angle measured on right and left side of orthopantomogram was 122.41 ± 1.56 degrees and 122.33 ± 1.55 degrees respectively. Conclusion: Orthopantomogram can also be used to measure gonial angle as accurately as a lateral cephalogram with the advantage that there are no superimpositions and both the gonial angles can be measured simultaneously on orthopantomogram.

Effects of Enlarged Adenoids on Craniofacial Growth in Bangalore Population – A Cross-Sectional Cephalometric Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 211-219
Author(s):  
Siddarth Arya ◽  
Shashikumar HC ◽  
Shwetha GS ◽  
Spoorthy Mallikarjuna ◽  
Suma T
Keyword(s):  
Growth Pattern ◽  
Upper Airway ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Upper Lip ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mandibular Incisor ◽  
Gonial Angle ◽  
Face Height ◽  
Mandibular Plane ◽  
Lateral Cephalograms

Background and Objectives: The purpose of the present cross-sectional study was to determine the effects of enlarged adenoids on the growth pattern of maxilla and mandible and to evaluate the relationship between airway size and lip strain. Methods: Pre-treatment lateral cephalograms of twenty-five children (10 boys, 15 girls) were taken. The children selected for the study were in the age group of 5 – 13 years (mean age of 10 years) during the year 2008- 11. All the tracings were made on 75µm lacquered polyester acetate tracing papers using a 0.05” lead pencil. This study assessed the associations of upper lip strain and upper pharynx size with selected cephalometric measures. The data was analyzed using SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Science, Ver.10.0.5) package. Results: The increased upper lip strain was associated with a forwardly placed maxilla, increased mandibular plane angle and upper pharynx size was associated with decrease in mandibular size (mandibular corpus size), increase in gonial angle (Ar-Go-Gn), decrease in middle third of face (N- ANS) and increase in lower jaw anterior face height (ANS- Me). Also, the dental effect of increase in the degree of mandibular incisor proclination relative to mandibular plane was observed. Conclusion: With an increase in upper-lip strain and decreased upper pharynx size, forward maxillary placement, retrognathic mandible, downward and backward rotation of the mandible, decreased middle third of face, increase in lower anterior face height and increase in degree of mandibular incisor proclination relative to mandibular plane were observed. It was inferred from the present study that a decreased upper airway affects the craniofacial skeletal growth pattern in children.

scholarly journals Comparison of Accuracy of Gonial Angle of Orthopantomogram and Lateral Cephalogram for Mandibular Measurements among Orthodontic Patients Attending Tertiary Care Dental Hospital in Kathmandu

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 57-61
Author(s):  
Vikash Veer Shrestha ◽  
Ansu Piya ◽  
Anju Khapung ◽  
Prakash Bhattarai
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Study Data ◽  
P Value ◽  
Facial Skeleton ◽  
Lateral Cephalogram ◽  
Gonial Angle ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Lateral Cephalograms ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference

Introduction: Gonial angle is an important parameter of the craniofacial complex which is generally used to evaluate the vertical parameters and symmetry of the facial skeleton. Gonial angle can be measured in both orthopantomogram (OPG) and lateral cephalograms. Due to the superimpositions seen while measuring the bilateral strucuture on lateral cephalograms, reliable measurement of the gonial angle becomes difficult. This study is done to clarify the possible application of orthopantomogram (OPG) for evaluating angular measurement of the mandible specifically gonial angle by comparing with lateral cephalogram. Materials and Method: All the patients (104) being treated from January 2018 to August 2020 in department of Orthodontics in Nepal Medical College were included in the study. Gonial angle measurements were made on lateral cephalograms and orthopantomograms of 104 patients – 54 males and 50 females with mean age of 22.20 ± 3.25 years. Patients aged 15-35 years were included in the study. Data was processed in SPSS version 16.0. Result: Mean Gonial angle in lateral cephalogram was greater than mean gonial angle in OPG and this difference was found to be statistically significant (p-value < 0.05). The difference in mean gonial angle was found to be statistically significant when compared between right gonial angle in OPG and gonial angle in lateral cephalogram (p-value < 0.05) and also between left gonial angle in OPG and gonial angle in lateral cephalogram (p-value < 0.05). Conclusion: When gonial angle values obtained from both sides of OPG were compared, no statistically significant difference was found. Significant differences were found when gonial angle values obtained from OPG right and left sides were compared with that of lateral cephalogram.

scholarly journals Digital Radiographic Study of Gonial angle in Forensic Odontology in a Tertiary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 59 (236) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ritesh Srii ◽  
Sushmit Koju ◽  
Swagat Kumar Mahanta ◽  
Vinay Marla ◽  
Deepa Niroula ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Panoramic Radiograph ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Lateral Cephalogram ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Gonial Angle ◽  
Skeletal Malocclusion ◽  
Angle Measurements ◽  
The Mean

Introduction: Gonial angle measurements serve as an important parameter of the craniofacial complex and are usually studied on lateral cephalograms, but recently panoramic radiographs have also been used. The aim of this study is to measure the gonial angle using orthopantomogram and lateral cephalogram based on age, gender, ethnicity, and skeletal malocclusion in a tertiary care hospital. Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study comprising 350 selected radiographs of apparently healthy individuals collected for a period of one year, from the Department of Oral Radiology of a tertiary care centre of Nepal. Gonial angle measurements were recorded from digital panoramic radiograph (both right and left side) and lateral cephalogram. Data was collected in terms of age, gender, ethnicity, and skeletal malocclusion and then statistically analysed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 20. Results: The mean gonial angle for panoramic right, left and lateral cephalogram was 122.490±7.570, 123.620±7.060, and 124.150±6.910, respectively. There was a decrease in the mean values of the gonial angle observed as age advances seen in all the radiographs. The gonial angle measured in Class III malocclusion was higher in all the radiographs, followed by Class II and Class I. Gonial angles obtained in females were higher than the males in all the radiographs. Finally, the Aryan population showed a higher gonial angle compared to the Mongolian population in all the radiographs. Conclusions: Panoramic radiograph (left side), could be considered as a reliable tool to measure the gonial angle.

scholarly journals Panoramic Radiography: A Tool for Evaluation of Orthodontic Patients' Sagittal and Vertical Skeletal Relations

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-38
Author(s):  
Morteza Oshagh ◽  
Shoaleh Shahidi ◽  
Hooman Zarif Najafi ◽  
Maryam Saki
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Method ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Occlusal Plane ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Imaging Protocol ◽  
Randomized Sampling ◽  
Gonial Angle ◽  
Anterior Nasal Spine ◽  
Orthodontic Patients ◽  
Sagittal Parameters

Background: Malocclusion, as a worldwide issue, can cause a lot of problems for patients. Panoramic (PR) and lateral cephalometric (LCR) radiographs are both usually indicated for orthodontic treatments. The aim of this study was to analyze vertical and sagittal parameters of both jaws on PRs and to compare them on LCRs.Materials and Methods: In this cross sectional study, 61 samples from all patients referring to the Department of Orthodontics of Shiraz Dental School were selected by simple randomized sampling method, meeting specific inclusion and exclusion criteria. Correlations between variables on PRs and LCRs were assessed.Results: Vertical angular variables on PR such as H-line/Lower1-Lower6 and Condylar plane/Corpus line were related to some vertical variables on LCR including Anterior nasal spine(ANS)-Menton(Me), Orbitale-Me, ANS-Posterior nasal spine (PNS)/Gonion (Go)-Me, Frankfort Horizontal (FH)/ANS-PNS, Gonial angle, Go-Gnathion (Gn)/Sella-Nasion and FH/Occlusal plane (P˂0.05).Sagittal variables of maxilla on PR such as Pterygomaxillare (Pm)-Pm, Pm-Ht, Pm-Ht-Pm, and ANS-Pm were related to sagittal variables of maxilla on LCR including Maxillary length, Sella/Nasion/Point A, Point A/Nasion/Point B (P˂0.05). Conclusion: Our results revealed that PRs can provide information on vertical and sagittal dimensions of both jaws. This may help choosing a proper imaging protocol for the patients.

Brief Overview and Experience of Visual Evoked Potential of First 67 cases at Referral Neuroscience Hospital in Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 74-77
Author(s):  
Mohammad Enayet Hussain ◽  
Bithi Debnath ◽  
AFM Al Masum Khan ◽  
Md Ferdous Mian ◽  
Md Nahidul Islam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Optic Neuritis ◽  
Clinical Diagnosis ◽  
Optic Neuropathy ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Pattern Reversal ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Visual Evoked

Background: The visual evoked potentials (VEP) is a valuable tool to document occult lesions of the central visual channels especially within the optic nerve. Objectives: The purpose of the present study was to observe the findings of first few cases of VEP done in the neurophysiology department of the National Institute of Neurosciences (NINS), Dhaka, Bangladesh. Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Neurophysiology at the National Institute of Neurosciences and Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh from September 2017 to March 2020. All patients referred to the Neurophysiology Department of NINS for VEP were included. Pattern reversal VEPs were done using standard protocol set by International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology (IFCN). Results: The mean age of the study population was 30.70 (±12.11) years (6-68 years) with 31 (46.3%) male and 36 (53.7%) female patients. The mean duration of illness was 8.71 (±1.78) months (3 days- 120 months). Most common presenting symptom was blurring of vision (37.3%) and dimness of vision (32.8%). Patterned VEP revealed mixed type (both demyelinating and axonal) of abnormality in most cases [29(43.35)]. The most common clinical diagnosis was multiple sclerosis (29.85%) and optic neuropathy (26.87%). In the clinically suspected cases of multiple sclerosis, optic neuropathy and optic neuritis most of the cases of VEP were abnormal and the p value is 0.04 in optic neuropathy and optic neuritis. Conclusion: The commonest presentation of the patients in this series were blurring of vision and dimness of vision. The most common clinical diagnosis for which VEP was asked for, was optic neuritis and multiple sclerosis. Most abnormalities were of mixed pattern (demyelinating and axonal). Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, 2020;6(2): 74-77

THE RELATION OF COPPING STRATEGY BY LOOKING SOCIAL SUPPORT WITH STRESS LEVEL OF BREAST CANCER PATIENT WHO GONE TROUGH CHEMOTHERAPY

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-54
Author(s):  
Sri Burhani Putri
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Cancer Patient ◽  
Breast Cancer Patient ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Spiritual Support ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Breast Cancer Chemotherapy ◽  
Patient Stress

Breast cancer is one of the most common illness that killed woman. One of the therapy to cure breast cancer is chemotherapy. Chemotherapy has side effect either physical and psychology, that caused people who’s in chemo therapy, prone to stress. Stress effected by many factors, such as characteristic and chopping strategy that patient has been using. The aim of this research is to get a perspective about the relation of characteristic and chopping strategy with breast cancer patient stress, whose in chemo therapy. This research using cross sectional study and taking sample by using accidental sampling method. The data analyzed by using bavariat and multivariat with variable result shows that breast cancer patient stress who has chemo therapy realted to age characteristic (p value = 0.00) the time since they diagnosed with cancer (pvalue = 0.03), how long they have chemo therapy (pvalue = 0.00) and chopping strategyby looking social support (pvalue = 0.00) looking for spiritual (pvalue = 0.00) with dominan variable which related to stress is chopping strategy to looking spiritual support (coeffecients B = -1.139).   Key words : Breast cancer, chemotherapy, stress  

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