scholarly journals Contested Space of Transborder Fishing in Timor and Arafura Seas

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Shiskha Prabawaningtyas
Keyword(s):  
Local State ◽  
Modern State ◽  
State Function ◽  
State Control ◽  
Early 19Th Century ◽  
State Regulations ◽  
Contested Space ◽  
Maritime Boundary ◽  
Arafura Sea ◽  
Economic Construction

The continuity of Indonesian transborder fishing activities into Australian Fishing Zone (AFZ) highlights the rooted dispute of maritime border when contested space of boundary shared by local, state and international actor is confronted. Therefore, the prevailing of multilayer perspective of maritime boundary should not be easily neglected. The colonial project in early 19th century in Southeast Asia that initiated the foundation of modern state-formation had challenged the prior-political and economic construction of the region, specifically on the issue of territoriality. The modernization of shipping and fishing activities of which relied on technology and capitals had generated political and economic competitions and later persuaded state’s actors of applying the strategy of the territorialisation of the sea in order to ensure control. Unavoidably, securitization of transborder fishing became preferable solution. Transborder fishings are further subjected into state control relied on territorial sovereignty.This paper examines the transformation of transborder fishing in Timor and Arafura Sea to demonstrated the contested space of which interplayed by local, state and international actor. State regulations had transformed transborder fishing into political space of authority competition relied on territorial sovereignty, while socio-cultural heritage reminds exploited within fluid space of livelihood survival when state function is just absent.

Models and Paradigms of Cellular Automata With Several Active Cells

2021 ◽  
pp. 55-74
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Automata ◽  
Cellular Automaton ◽  
Local State ◽  
State Function ◽  
State Control ◽  
Time Step ◽  
Transition Functions ◽  
Asynchronous Cellular Automata ◽  
Control Schemes ◽  
Local Transition

The chapter describes the models and paradigms of asynchronous cellular automata with several active cells. Variants of active states are considered in which an asynchronous cellular automaton functions without loss of active cells. Structures that allow the coincidence of several active states in one cell of a cellular automaton are presented. The cell scheme is complicated by adding several active triggers and state control schemes for active triggers. The VHDL models of such cells were developed. Attention is paid to the choice of local state functions and local transition functions. The local transition functions are different for each active state. This allows you to transmit active signals in different directions. At each time step, two cells can change their information state according to the local state function. Asynchronous cellular automata have a long lifecycle.

Active and Passive Citizenship in the Arab World

2019 ◽  
Vol 73 (4) ◽  
pp. 607-627 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roel Meijer
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Arab World ◽  
Authoritarian Regimes ◽  
Modern State ◽  
Active Citizenship ◽  
Passive Mode ◽  
Current Crisis ◽  
Early 19Th Century ◽  
Citizenship Regimes

This article argues that the current crisis of relations between states and citizens in the Arab Middle East cannot just be traced to the rise of postcolonial authoritarian regimes but further back, to the rise of the modern state in the early 19th century. The development of modern citizenship regimes has not empowered citizens, it has instead led to a more passive mode of citizenship. After a historical discussion of the various ruling bargains in modern regional history, the article concludes with a discussion of ongoing protests demanding more active citizenship regimes.

Limits at Sea

2020 ◽  
pp. 84-115
Author(s):  
Sharika D. Crawford
Keyword(s):  
Contested Space ◽  
Maritime Boundary ◽  
Boundary Making ◽  
State Actors ◽  
San Andres ◽  
Imperial State

This chapter examines disputes over the turtle fishery across several circum-Caribbean locales: the southern cays of Cuba, the Miskito Cays of Nicaragua, and the Colombian archipelago of San Andrés, Providencia, and Santa Catalina. It shows how these conflicts over Caymanian access to turtle fishing grounds in national waters reveal the messy multilateral process of maritime boundary making, in which contestations among multiple national and imperial state actors as well as foreign and local turtlemen helped to consolidate a once porous but contested space in the circum-Caribbean. The chapter argues that legislation to regulate the turtle fishery eventually led to the closing of the turtle commons, which had been a robust transnational maritime zone.

Pseudorandom Number Generators Based on Asynchronous Cellular Automata and Cellular Automata With Inhomogeneous Cells

2017 ◽  
pp. 127-138
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Automata ◽  
Cellular Automaton ◽  
Local State ◽  
Active Cell ◽  
State Function ◽  
Local Function ◽  
Time Step ◽  
Random Number Generators ◽  
Asynchronous Cellular Automata ◽  
A Cell

The sixth chapter deals with the construction of pseudo-random number generators based on a combination of two cellular automata, which were considered in the previous chapters. The generator is constructed based on two cellular automata. The first cellular automaton controls the location of the active cell on the second cellular automaton, which realizes the local state function for each cell. The active cell on the second cellular automaton is the main cell and from its output bits of the bit sequence are formed at the output of the generator. As the first cellular automaton, an asynchronous cellular automaton is used in this chapter, and a synchronous cellular automaton is used as the second cellular automaton. In this case, the active cell of the second cellular automaton realizes another local function at each time step and is inhomogeneous. The algorithm for the work of a cell of a combined cellular automaton for implementing a generator and its hardware implementation are presented.

The Lessons of Defeat: Transforming the Qing State after the Boxer War

2003 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 769-773 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger R. Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Annual Meeting ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Local State ◽  
Modern State ◽  
Policy Reforms ◽  
Asian Studies ◽  
State Institutions ◽  
The Qing Dynasty ◽  
Sustained Effort ◽  
New Policy Reforms

These four essays were first presented to an audience in Washington, D.C. in April 2002 at the Annual Meeting of the Association for Asian Studies. Richard Horowitz, the panel organizer, argued that:the roots of China's modern state can be found in the Xinzheng or ‘new policy’ reforms during the last decade of the Qing dynasty. These reforms marked a radical departure for the Chinese state, involving a sustained effort to import foreign models and adapt them to Chinese realities. Although scholarship on reforms to provincial and local state institutions in this period is substantial, the transformation of the central government in Beijing has received little attention.

SEEKING JUSTICE: TRIBAL DISPUTE RESOLUTION AND SOCIETAL TRANSFORMATION IN JORDAN

2014 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Watkins
Keyword(s):  
Dispute Resolution ◽  
The State ◽  
Pivotal Role ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Modern State ◽  
State Control ◽  
Societal Transformation ◽  
Kinship Networks ◽  
Documentary Analysis ◽  
Dispute Settlements

AbstractIn Jordan, tribal dispute settlements have played a pivotal role in the management of various types of grievances between individuals since long before the establishment of the modern state. To varying degrees, Jordanians—from the East and West Banks, Muslim and Christian, urban and rural—cherish the kinship networks associated with these procedures, and theʿaṭwa(truce) andṣulḥ(reconciliation) processes remain time-honored mechanisms for preventing revenge and making amends for wrongs committed. However, under the state's influence, the purpose of observing tribal settlements is evolving within an increasingly heterogeneous society. Drawing on documentary analysis combined with ethnographic material from across the kingdom, this article investigates the current status of tribal dispute resolution traditions among different sectors of the population. I argue that observance of such traditions can signify conformity with the hegemonic values that the state promotes as well as resistance to aspects of state control.

scholarly journals The Galápagos as penal colony: Exile, peonage, and state control at the Hacienda El Progreso, 1878–1904

2021 ◽  
pp. 146247452110131
Author(s):  
Fernando J Astudillo ◽  
Ross W Jamieson
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Modern State ◽  
State Control ◽  
Late 19Th Century ◽  
Penal Colony ◽  
Penal Colonies ◽  
Penal Institutions ◽  
Remote Islands ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Military

Transportation to remote islands has been a way that authorities have dealt with criminals since well before the birth of the modern state. What happens to those exiles once on the islands has varied greatly in different times and places. This paper explores the Galápagos plantation run from 1878 to 1904 by Manuel J. Cobos. His operation demonstrates that the patriarchal concept of the hacienda continued to play a key role in the disciplining of perceived criminality in Latin America in the late 19th century, outside of the roles of the military, the police, and penal institutions. The Galápagos example shows the overlaps and tensions between capitalist plantations and state penal colonies in their treatment of transported convicts in the 19th century.

scholarly journals CONTROL OF THE INTERNET IN THE SYSTEM OF FUNCTIONS IN THE MODERN STATE

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 629-657
Author(s):  
Konstantin V. Strukov
Keyword(s):  
Control Function ◽  
The State ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Modern State ◽  
State Control ◽  
State Functions

The article discusses the development of state functions concerning Internet. It focuses on the analysis of the main problems that impede the development of control function. The research suggests proposals for the development of such function by the state. Based on the studies, a forecast about the prospects for further strengthening of state control over the Internet has been made.

Between Spiritual Economy and Religious Commodification: Negotiating Temple Autonomy in Contemporary China

2020 ◽  
Vol 242 ◽  
pp. 440-459
Author(s):  
Kuei-min Chang
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Regulatory Framework ◽  
Local State ◽  
Property Management ◽  
State Control ◽  
Religious Leadership ◽  
Contemporary China ◽  
State Agents ◽  
Economic Contribution

AbstractThis research investigates the contentious use of temple assets amid widespread local state-led religious commodification in contemporary China. Based on a comparative analysis of 22 historic temples, this paper argues that given the choice, temple leaders strive for property-management autonomy, which they negotiate on two fronts. Externally, owing to the immobility of historic temple assets, temple leaders avoid antagonizing local state agents by demonstrating political conformity and the temple's economic contribution. Internally, they seek to build a donation-based merit economy to sustain the monastic institution. Since such autonomy must operate within the authoritarian state's regulatory framework, the restrained contestation of the religious leadership actually helps to strengthen state control over religion.

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