scholarly journals Chitosan-CuO Nanoparticles as Antibacterial Shigella dysenteriae: Synthesis, Characterization, and In Vitro Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (12) ◽  
pp. 432-439
Author(s):  
Ahmad Fatoni ◽  
Ade Chika Paramita ◽  
Budi Untari ◽  
Nurlisa Hidayati
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Agent ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Cuo Nanoparticles ◽  
Shigella Dysenteriae ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Copper Sulfate Pentahydrate ◽  
Paper Disk ◽  
Disk Method

The synthesis of chitosan- CuO nanoparticles was studied. This research’s aims were biosynthesis CuO nanoparticles, synthesis of chitosan-CuO nanoparticles, and used as an antibacterial agent of Shigella dysenteriae. CuO nanoparticles and chitosan-CuO nanoparticles were characterized by FTIR spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction, respectively. CuO nanoparticle was synthesized by the reaction between leaf extract of sweet star fruit (Averrhoa carambola L.) and copper sulfate pentahydrate. Chitosan-CuO nanoparticles were synthesized by a heating method. The suspension of chitosan-CuO nanoparticles was used as an antibacterial agent with a paper disk method. The result showed that the Cu-O group at CuO nanoparticles was detected at a wavenumber of 503, 619, 767, and 821 cm-1. The crystallite size of the CuO nanoparticles was 4.25 nm. Cu-O group bonded at N-H and O-H groups and detected at 3406 cm-1 from the FTIR spectra of chitosan-CuO nanoparticles. The average inhibition zone of chitosan-CuO nanoparticles at concentration 2.500, 5.000, 7.500, and 10.000 ppm to Shigella dysenteriae were 13.57 ± 1.55; 14.90 ± 1.20; 15.97 ± 0.76 and 17.03 ± 1.80 mm, respectively.

scholarly journals CuO Nanoparticles : Biosynthesis, Characterization and In Vitro Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Ahmad Fatoni ◽  
Reza Agung Sriwijaya ◽  
Umy Habiba ◽  
Nurlisa Hidayati
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Cuo Nanoparticles ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
Wave Number ◽  
Star Fruit ◽  
Paper Disk ◽  
Diffraction Peaks ◽  
Disk Method

The biosynthesis of CuO nanoparticles was studied. The aims of this research were biosynthesis CuO nanoparticles from Cu2+ion solution and leaves aquoeus extract of sweet star fruit  and its in vitro study as antibacterial agent of  Escherichia coli. CuO nanoparticles  was characterized using FTIR spectroscopy and X-Ray diffractometer. CuO nanoparticles was synthesized by reaction between Cu2+ion solution and leaves aquoeus extract of sweet star fruit. Paper disk method was used as the application of the suspension of CuO nanoparticles. The result showed that Cu-O groups detected at wave number of 503, 619,  767 and  821 cm-1. Diffractogram of CuO nanoparticles had sharp and narrow diffraction peaks. The crystallite size of CuO nanoparticles was 4.25 nm. The average inhibition zone of CuO nanoparticles at concentration 10.000, 7.500, 5.000 and 2.500 ppm was 17.43 ±  1.81 ;  15.73 ± 0.40 ; 14.50 ± 2.96 and 9.67 ± 0.28 mm respectively.

Reverse torque values of abutment screws after dynamic loading: The effects of sealant agents and the taper of conical connections

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arda Ozdiler ◽  
suleyman dayan ◽  
Burc Gencel ◽  
Gulbahar Isık-Ozkol
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Loading ◽  
Antibacterial Agent ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Silicone Sealant ◽  
Reverse Torque ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Torque Values ◽  
Chlorhexidine Gel

This in vitro study evaluated the influence of taper angles on the internal conical connections of implant systems and of the application of chlorhexidine gel as an antibacterial agent or a polyvinyl siloxane (PVS) sealant on the reverse torque values of abutment screws after dynamic loading. The current study tested four implant systems with different taper angles (5.4°, 12°, 45°, and 60°). Specimens were divided into three groups: control (neither chlorhexidine gel filled nor silicone sealed), 2% chlorhexidine gel-filled or silicone-sealed group, and group subjected to a dynamic load of 50 N at 1 Hz for 500,000 cycles prior to reverse torque measurements. Quantitative positive correlation was observed between the taper angle degree and the percentage of tightening torque loss. However, this correlation was significant only for the 60° connection groups except in the group in which a sealant was applied ( p = 0.013 for the control group, p = 0.007 for the chlorhexidine group). Percentages of decrease in the torque values of the specimens with silicone sealant application were significantly higher compared with both the control and chlorhexidine groups ( p = 0.001, p = 0.002, p = 0.001, and p = 0.002, respectively, according to the increasing taper angles); the percentage of decrease in torque values due to chlorhexidine application was statistically insignificant when compared with the control group. The application of gel-form chlorhexidine as an antibacterial agent does not significantly affect the stability of the implant–abutment connection under dynamic loads. PVS sealants may cause screw loosening under functional loads.

Magnetic nanostructured lipid carrier for dual triggered curcumin delivery: Preparation, characterization and toxicity evaluation on isolated rat liver mitochondria

2021 ◽  
pp. 088532822110346
Author(s):  
Mohammad Yoozbashi ◽  
Hamid Rashidzadeh ◽  
Mehraneh Kermanian ◽  
Somayeh Sadighian ◽  
Mir-Jamal Hosseini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Liver Mitochondria ◽  
Rat Liver Mitochondria ◽  
Nanostructured Lipid Carrier ◽  
Mitochondrial Toxicity ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Temperature Dependent ◽  
Reducing Ability ◽  
Transmission Electron

In this research, magnetic nanostructured lipid carriers (Mag-NLCs) were synthesized for curcumin (CUR) delivery. NLCs are drug-delivery systems prepared by mixing solid and liquid (oil) lipids. For preparation of NLCs, cetylpalmitate was selected as solid lipid and fish oil as liquid lipid. CUR-Mag-NLCs were prepared using high-pressure homogenization technique and were characterized by methods including X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), and dynamic light scattering (DLS). The CUR-Mag-NLCs were developed as a particle with a size of 140 ± 3.6 nm, a polydispersity index of 0.196, and a zeta potential of −22.6 mV. VSM analysis showed that the CUR-Mag-NLCs have excellent magnetic properties. Release rate of the drug was higher at 42 °C than 37 °C, indicating that release of the synthesized nanoparticles is temperature-dependent. Evaluation of mitochondrial toxicity was done using the isolated rats liver mitochondria including glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA), and the ferric- reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) assays to study biosafety of the CUR-Mag-NLCs. Results of In vitro study on the isolated mitochondria revealed that both CUR-Mag-NLCs and curcumin have no specific mitochondrial toxicity.

scholarly journals In Vitro study for hesperidin nanoparticles effect on phagocytic activity against Staphylococcus aureus

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 36-39
Author(s):  
Saja Ali ◽  
Ghassan Sulaiman ◽  
Mohammed M. Al-Halbosiy
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Particle Size Analysis ◽  
Poloxamer 407 ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Setup Cost ◽  
Phagocytosis Index

       Hesperidin is one of the flavonoids from citrus peels and it recognized to possess various biological activities such as, anti-inflammatory, anti-carcinogenic, antioxidant and antimicrobial potentials. The present investigation studies the immunological adjuvant influence of hesperidin nanoparticles. Hesperidin nanoparticles were prepared by nano-precipitation technique by using Poly (D, L-lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) polymer and Poloxamer 407 was used as a stabilizer. This method was used because of their advantage of low setup cost and simplicity. Hesperidin nanoparticles were characterized by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and particle size analysis (PSA) analytical methods. The effect of hesperidin nanoparticles was higher than the effect of pure hesperidin, and there was an obvious increase in phagocytosis index (PI 82%) of hesperidin nanoparticles when compared with pure hesperidin (PI 56%) and in comparison with the control samples (PI 22%). In conclusion we need further studies about if nano-hesperidin has therapeutic effects.

Fabrication and in Vitro Evaluation of Calcium Phosphate Combined with Chitosan Fibers for Scaffold Structures

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. 113-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qin Lian ◽  
Dichen Li ◽  
Zhongmin Jin ◽  
Jue Wang ◽  
Aimin Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Cement Composites ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Chitosan Fiber ◽  
In Vitro Performance ◽  
Rapid Tool

A rapid prototyping and rapid tool technique-based method was developed to fabricate chitosan fiber calcium phosphate cement composites (CF/CPC) for bone tissue engineering scaffold applications. The products were characterized and the in vitro performance with canine bone marrow stem cells (BMCs) on CF/CPC scaffold with controlled fiber structures evaluated. The X-ray diffraction analysis showed that about 91% of the inorganic part of the CF/CPC scaffold was hydroxyapatite (HA) and the variation in CF had little effect on the percentage of HA content. The results from in vitro study demonstrated that the interconnected macropores rapidly formed inside the CF/CPC scaffolds and that the patterns were related to the fiber structures used. The differences in the fiber structures altered the morphology of the BMCs without affecting the proliferation of the BMCs.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Antibacterial Activity of Essential Oils and Their Combination against Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria Isolated from Skin Ulcer

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Eshetu Gadisa ◽  
Hydar Usman
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Antibacterial Effect ◽  
Wound Care ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Multidrug Resistant Bacteria

Background. Emerging of multidrug-resistant bacteria can compromise the effectiveness of antibiotics used to treat skin infections. Those bacteria imposed public health problems and questioning medical care in the 21st century. In this circumstance, essential oils of medicinal plants origin are supreme sources of structural and functionally divergent compounds, which inhibited the growth of common wound colonizing MRSA and ESBL producing P. aeruginosa. The aim of this study was to evaluate the combined antibacterial activity of essential oils extracted from Rumex abyssinicus, Cucumis pustulatus, and Discopodium penninervium against multidrug-resistant (MDR) isolates of skin ulcers. Methods. Essential oils (EOs) were extracted from aerial parts of R. abyssinicus, C. pustulatus, and D. penninervium with steam distillation. A mixture of each oil (1 : 1) was adsorbed to a disc and placed on Mueller Hinton Agar. Then, minimum zone of inhibition and bactericidal concentration of EOs was measured after incubeted for 18–24 hours at 37 °C. Their combined antibacterial effect was determined by the fractional inhibitory concentration index. Results. The antibacterial activity of mixed oil varied in their doses and bacteria species, of which a mixture of essential oil of R. abyssinicus and D. penninervium had inhibition zone (32 mm); its MIC and MBC values range from 1-2 μl/ml against MRSA. It had an inhibition zone (36 mm), MIC value 4 μl/ml, and MBC (8 μl/ml) against ESBL producing P. aeruginosa, whereas combined effects of R. abyssinicus and C. pustulatus had MIC values ranging from 2–8 μl/ml for E. coli and K. pneumoniae and 2 μl/ml for MRSA. There was a strong synergistic effect between R. abyssinicus and D. penninervium and promising antibacterial effect more specifically on MRSA and P. aeruginosa. Conclusion. This in vitro study of the combined effect of EOs has significant antibacterial activity on wound colonizing bacteria and reduces delaying wound healing as that of modern drugs tested in parallel. Hence, further structural elucidation of active compounds helps us to properly design or synthesis of topical antibiotics for wound care.

scholarly journals Antibacterial Activity of Buah Merah (Pandanus conoideus Lam.) Against Bacterial Oral Pathogen of Streptococcus sanguinis ATCC10556, Streptococcus mutans ATCC 25175, and Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212: An in Vitro Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisda Damayanti ◽  
Ida Ayu Evaangelina ◽  
Avi Laviana ◽  
Yetty Herdiyati ◽  
Dikdik Kurnia
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Oral Bacteria ◽  
Inhibition Zones

Background: Caries and periodontitis are dental diseases caused by bacteria of S. sanguinis, S. mutans, and E. faecalis with three main etiological factors of the host, substrate, and time. Objective: This study proposed to investigate the antibacterial effects of Buah Merah (Pandanus conoideus Lam.) against oral bacteria of E.faecalis, S. mutans, and S. sanguinis. Materials and Methods: The Buah Merah was extracted with different solvents to yield n-hexane, ethyl acetate, methanol, and H2O extracts. The concentrations of single and mixture extracts were adjusted for antibacterial assay against bacteria of E. faecalis, S. mutans, and S. sanguinis strains through agar well diffusion assay with chlorhexidine, fosfomycin, and quercetin used as positive controls. Results: The ethyl acetate extract showed highest antibacterial activity against three oral bacterial of E. faecalis, S. mutans, and S. sanguinis with inhibition zones values of 9.3, 12.3, and 17.9 mm at 40%, respectively, together with their MIC and MBC values of 1250 & 2500, 0.312 & 0.625, and 0.312 & 0.625 ppm, respectively. For the formulation of extracts, combinations samples test gave various effects to different bacteria, with the best activity showed by methanol-ethyl acetate (M-Ea) extracts against S. mutans with an inhibition zone of 16.25 mm at 40 ppm. The strong and synergistic effect of methanol extract against S. mutans was supported by inhibition zones of the formulation of methanol extract-fosfomycin which showed an inhibition zone of 25.9 mm at 10 ppm. Conclusion: The extracts of Buah Merah demonstrated antibacterial activity against oral bacteria of E. faecalis, S. mutans, and S. sanguinis and gave important information for further in vivo clinical studies to determine the exact dosages and its effectiveness in practical application. These results prove the antimicrobial effects of Buah Merah extracts as alternative natural drugs with synergistic effects of active constituents.

scholarly journals A Adsorbent of Chitosan Linked by Methylene Bridge and Schiff Base of 4,4-diaminodiphenyl Ether –vanillin : Synthesis, Characterization and Its Application After Reacted by Zn(II) Ion as Antibacterial Agent

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 173
Author(s):  
Ahmad Fatoni ◽  
Poedji Loekitowati Hariani ◽  
Hermansyah Hermansyah ◽  
Aldes Lesbani
Keyword(s):  
Schiff Base ◽  
Antibacterial Agent ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Methylene Bridge ◽  
Modified Chitosan ◽  
Paper Disk ◽  
Disk Method

The synthesis chitosan linked by methylene bridge-Schiff base of 4,4-diaminodiphenyl ether-vanillin (modified chitosan adsorbent) has been studied. The aims of this research were modification of chitosan with Schiff base of 4,4-diaminodiphenyl ether-vanillin and formaldehyde and its application as antibacterial agent after used as an adsorbent of Zn(II) ion. Characterization of modified chitosan adsorbent was conducted using FTIR spectroscopy. Process of adsorption were conducted at  0.15 g of modified chitosan adsorbent reacted by concentration of Zn(II) ion solution (pH 6, 150 mg/L, 50 mL), contact time at 150 min. and  at room temperature (280C). Modified chitosan adsorbent after reacted by Zn(II) ion solution as antibacterial agent with paper disk method. The result showed that chitosan can be modified with Schiff base of 4,4-diaminodiphenyl ether-vanillin and formaldehyde to form chitosan linked methylene bridge and Schiff base of 4,4-diaminodiphenyl ether-vanillin. Antibacterial of chitosan and modified chitosan adsorbent were higher than modified chitosan adsorbent after reacted by Zn(II) ion. Keywords : modified chitosan, antibacterial agent

scholarly journals Mouthwash Based on Ozonated Olive Oil in Caries Prevention: A Preliminary In-Vitro Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (23) ◽  
pp. 9106
Author(s):  
Gianna Maria Nardi ◽  
Sara Fais ◽  
Cinzia Casu ◽  
Marta Mazur ◽  
Roberto Di Giorgio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Olive Oil ◽  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Plasma Membranes ◽  
Inorganic Compounds ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Dilution Effect ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Vitro Study

(1) Background: Ozone (O3) proved to oxidize organic and inorganic compounds, and its efficacy against bacteria, viruses and fungi plasma membranes was of interest. Ozone vehicle can be a gaseous form, ozonated water or ozonized oil. The aim of this in-vitro study was to evaluate the efficacy of ozonated olive oil against Streptococcus mutans. (2) Methods: Two different commercial mouthwashes were tested: Ialozon Blu (IB) (Gemavip, Cagliari, Italy), with ozonated olive oil, and Ialozon Rose (IR) (Gemavip, Cagliari, Italy), with ozonated olive oil, hyaluronic acid and vitamin E. All formulates were analyzed in a dilution range from 2- to 256-folds in saline solution, as to reproduce the salivary dilution. Streptococcus mutans CIP103220 strain was used for the antimicrobial susceptibility test, and the Kirby–Bauer inhibition method was performed to evaluate the Minimum Inhibitory (MIC), Minimum Bactericidal (MBC), and Minimum Biofilm Inhibitory Concentration (MBIC). (3) Results: Both formulates showed the same antimicrobial activity. MIC, MBC, and MBIC were observed for dilution factors of 1/32, 1/8 and 1/8, respectively. The mean value of inhibition zone diameter was 16.5 mm for IB, and 18 mm for IR. (4) Conclusions: The results suggested that ozonized olive oil formulates were able to inactivate Streptococcus mutans avoiding the salivary dilution effect in the oral cavity.

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