scholarly journals Penerangan Jalan Umum Tenaga Surya: Studi Kasus di Kota Pangkalpinang

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 76
Author(s):  
Andika Febrianto ◽  
Wahri Sunanda ◽  
Rika Favoria Gusa
Keyword(s):  
Light Intensity ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Solar Panels ◽  
Street Lighting ◽  
Led Lights ◽  
The City

This research was conducted to design public street lighting photovoltaic, based on SNI 7391:2008 concerning specifications of public street lighting in urban areas with several parameters that were considered by poles, lights used, intensity of light needed, number of lights needed and supporting equipment for public street lighting photovoltaic. Currently, Jenderal Sudirman road in the city of Pangkalpinang along 1.5 km uses electricity from PLN with 30 units of 150 watt SON lamps and 11 lux light intensity. The design obtained for street lighting photovoltaic while still meet SNI for light intensity, obtained supporting equipment for solar street lighting, namely 31 unit of 8 meter octagonal poles with specifications of 40 watt LED lights for each cross arm, 1 unit of 100 Wp solar panels, unit of 100 Ah VRLA batteries and 1 unit of solar charger controller (10A, 12V / 24V).

Using Land Cover, Population, and Night Light Data for Assessing Local Temperature Differences in Mainz, Germany

2015 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 658-670 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenny Lindén ◽  
Jan Esper ◽  
Björn Holmer
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Light Intensity ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Urban Growth ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Surface Coverage ◽  
Daily Maximum ◽  
Source Areas ◽  
Maximum Temperatures ◽  
The City

AbstractUrban areas are believed to affect temperature readings, thereby biasing the estimation of twentieth-century warming at regional to global scales. The precise effect of changes in the surroundings of meteorological stations, particularly gradual changes due to urban growth, is difficult to determine. In this paper, data from 10 temperature stations within 15 km of the city of Mainz (Germany) over a period of 842 days are examined to assess the connection between temperature and the properties of the station surroundings, considering (i) built/paved area surface coverage, (ii) population, and (iii) night light intensity. These properties were examined in circles with increasing radii from the stations to identify the most influential source areas. Daily maximum temperatures Tmax, as well as daily average temperatures, are shown to be significantly influenced by elevation and were adjusted before the analysis of anthropogenic surroundings, whereas daily minimum temperatures Tmin were not. Significant correlations (p < 0.1) between temperature and all examined properties of station surroundings up to 1000 m are found, but the effects are diminished at larger distance. Other factors, such as slope and topographic position (e.g., hollows), were important, especially to Tmin. Therefore, properties of station surroundings up to 1000 m from the stations are most suitable for the assessment of potential urban influence on Tmax and Tmin in the temperate zone of central Europe.

scholarly journals Direct measurement of the contribution of street lighting to satellite observations of nighttime light emissions from urban areas

2020 ◽  
pp. 147715352095846
Author(s):  
CCM Kyba ◽  
A Ruby ◽  
HU Kuechly ◽  
B Kinzey ◽  
N Miller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Satellite Imagery ◽  
Smart City ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Satellite Observations ◽  
Light Sources ◽  
Street Lighting ◽  
Nighttime Light ◽  
The City

Nighttime light emissions are increasing in most countries worldwide, but which types of lighting are responsible for the increase remains unknown. Also unknown is what fraction of outdoor light emissions and associated energy use are due to public light sources (i.e. streetlights) or various types of private light sources (e.g. advertising). Here we show that it is possible to measure the contribution of street lighting to nighttime satellite imagery using ‘smart city’ lighting infrastructure. The city of Tucson, USA, intentionally altered its streetlight output over 10 days, and we examined the change in emissions observed by satellite. We find that streetlights operated by the city are responsible for only 13% of the total radiance (in the 500–900 nm band) observed from Tucson from space after midnight (95% confidence interval 10–16%). If Tucson did not dim their streetlights after midnight, the contribution would be 18% (95% confidence interval 15–23%). When streetlights operated by other actors are included, the best estimates rise to 16% and 21%, respectively. Existing energy and lighting policy related to the sustainability of outdoor light use has mainly focused on street lighting. These results suggest an urgent need for consideration of other types of light sources in outdoor lighting policy.

scholarly journals Security Assessment of Urban Areas through a GIS-Based Analysis of Lighting Data Generated by IoT Sensors

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 2174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lavinia Chiara Tagliabue ◽  
Fulvio Re Cecconi ◽  
Nicola Moretti ◽  
Stefano Rinaldi ◽  
Paolo Bellagente ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Smart City ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Gis Mapping ◽  
Security Assessment ◽  
Urban Context ◽  
Street Lighting ◽  
Perceived Safety ◽  
Perceived Security ◽  
The City

The current perspective about urban development expects 70% of energy consumption will be concentrated in the cities in 2050. In addition, a growing density of people in the urban context leads to the need for increased security and safety for citizens, which imply a better lighting infrastructure. Smart solutions are required to optimize the corresponding energy effort. In developing countries, the cities’ lighting is limited and the lighting world map is strongly significant about the urban density of the different areas. Nevertheless, in territories where the illumination level is particularly high, such as urban contexts, the conditions are not homogenous at the microscale level and the perceived security is affected by artificial urban lighting. As an example, 27.2% of the families living in the city of Milan, ombardy Region, Italy, consider critical the conditions of lighting in the city during the night, although the region has diffused infrastructure. The paper aims to provide a local illuminance geographic information system (GIS) mapping at the neighborhood level that can be extended to the urban context. Such an approach could unveil the need to increase lighting to enhance the perceived safety and security for the citizens and promote a higher quality of life in the smart city. Lighting mapping can be matched with car accident mapping of cities and could be extended to perceived security among pedestrians in urban roads and green areas, also related to degradation signs of the built environment. In addition, such an approach could open new scenarios to the adaptive street lighting control used to reduce the energy consumption in a smart city: the perceived security of an area could be used as an additional index to be considered during the modulation of the level of the luminosity of street lighting. An example of a measurement set-up is described and tested at the district level to define how to implement an extensive monitoring campaign based on an extended research schema.

scholarly journals KONTROL PENERANGAN TENAGA SURYA SEBAGAI IMPLEMENTASI DARI LISTRIK KERAKYATAN

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 136-140
Author(s):  
Redaksi Tim Jurnal
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Solar Panels ◽  
Street Lighting ◽  
Lighting Control ◽  
Battery Charge ◽  
Remote Areas ◽  
Gas Stations ◽  
Turn On ◽  
Solar Lighting

Solar Street Lighting Light (PJU-TS) is a street lighting that uses sunlight as a source of electrical energy. The Solar Street Lighting (PJU-TS) is suitable for roads in areas not covered by PLN electricity and also areas experiencing electrical energy crisis especially in remote areas. But recently PJU Solar is also rife applied in urban areas such as in the main streets, residential street, garden lights, campus area, factory area, bus stops, parking lots, gas stations (gas stations) and so on. In the process of making solar lighting control system on the lamp for PJU is first to determine the load installed, then calculate the number of solar panels or photovoltaic needs, then calculate the battery requirements and determine the capacity of the battery charge regulator (BCR). Then for PJU lamps to operate automatically installed light sensor or light dependent resistor (LDR) as a switch to turn on and off PJU lights.

scholarly journals INNOVATIVE URBAN FARMING TECHNIQUES FOR SUSTAINABILITY OF CITIES: FROM FARM TO FORK – CASE OF THE CITY LANUVIO, ROME, ITALY

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sangodoyin Olakunle. M ◽  
Shehata Mariam ◽  
D’Aprile Andrea ◽  
Calore Giuseppe ◽  
Lorianne Ginot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Vacant Land ◽  
Solar Panels ◽  
Urban Farming ◽  
Sustainable Technologies ◽  
Vertical Farming ◽  
Fire Station ◽  
Financial Balance ◽  
The City

— Urban areas and cities globally encounter many challenges to confront vast urbanization and climate change impacts. Urban farming is one of major responses to some of these defies. Such challenges are manifested in Lanuvio, a municipality near Rome situated in ‘Castelli Romani Regional Park’, use to have high cultural, historical, archeological and naturalistic values, but the site of ARES (once served as a fire station) is now vacant land, hence considered a waste of resources that decreases its value economically, socially and environmentally. Urban farming can assist in transforming cities to be generative, resilient and sustainable. This paper presents a project (Green Symphony) transformation that provides the citizens of Lanuvio with smart and sustainable technologies focusing on urban agriculture. The objective of the study is to transform the abundant site to be a generative urban farm while making people aware of the importance of healthy food and creating connectivity between citizens and tourists. Indeed, aquaponic systems, permaculture, green walls, vertical farming, combined with energy harvesting from footsteps, solar panels, water close circuit, and rainwater collection are incorporated. Organic waste is also transformed into fertilizer, which contributes to the creation of a self-sustained farm. The site has been developed as a social hub and a business model, including: strategy, marketing and operations plans are developed to estimate the operation costs and labour management. Results show that the developed site can generate 7 tons yearly of vegetables, fruits, herbs and fish, besides creating 3 stable jobs. The investment costs are paid off after a maximum of 5 years and the financial balance is annually positive and 1.7 tons of produce. Finally, the vacant land is transformed into a social hub and multi-functional green gardens to increase livability and targeted SDG 3, 7, 9, 11, 12, 13 and 15.

scholarly journals KARAKTERISTIK PEMAKAIAN TENAGA SURYA PADA MODUL SOLAR SMART SEBAGAI IMPLEMENTASI DARI LISTRIK KERAKYATAN

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-19
Author(s):  
Redaksi Tim Jurnal
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Solar Panels ◽  
Street Lighting ◽  
Battery Charge ◽  
Remote Areas ◽  
Gas Stations ◽  
Turn On ◽  
Automatic Mode ◽  
Main Streets

Solar Street Lighting Light (PJU-TS) is a street lighting that uses sunlight as a source of electrical energy. The Solar Street Lighting (PJU-TS) is very suitable for roads in areas not covered by PLN electricity and also areas experiencing electrical energy crisis especially in remote areas. But recently PJU Solar Power is also rife applied in urban areas such as in the main streets, residential street, garden lights, campus area, factory area, bus stops, parking lots, gas stations (gas stations) and so on. In the process of designing the lamps for the first PJU is to determine the load installed,then calculate the number of solar panels or photovoltaic needs, then calculate the battery requirements and determine the capacity of the battery charge regulator (BCR). Then for PJU lamps to operate automatically installed light sensor or light dependent resistor (LDR) as a switch to turn on and off PJU lights. Then after all in the know then in the process of development researchers observed about how the performance of the controller in terms of automatic mode, manually circuit and its equipment components as well as sensors and modems. From there soughtcharacteristics of each.

Urbanization of fauna on the example of marsh frog (Pelophylax ridibundus)

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 116-123
Author(s):  
A. P. Korzh ◽  
T. V. Zahovalko
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Cognitive Modeling ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Cellular Level ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Migration Routes ◽  
Corrective Effect ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

Recently, the number of published works devoted to the processes of synanthropization of fauna, is growing like an avalanche, which indicates the extreme urgency of this theme. In our view, the process of forming devices to coexist with human and the results of his life reflects the general tandency of the modern nature evolution. Urbanization is characteristic for such a specific group of animals like amphibians, the evidence of which are numerous literature data. Many researchers use this group to assess the bioindicative quality of the environment. For this aim a variety of indicators are used: from the cellular level of life of organization up to the species composition of the group in different territories. At the same time, the interpretation of the results is not always comparable for different areas and often have significantly different interpretations by experts. Urban environment, primarily due to the contamination is extremely aggressive to amphibians. As a consequence, the urban populations of amphibians may be a change in the demographic structure, affecting the reproductive ability of the population, the disappearance of the most sensitive species or individuals, resizing animals, the appearance of abnormalities in the development, etc. At the same time play an important amphibians in the ecosystems of cities, and some species in these conditions even feel relatively comfortable. Therefore, it is interesting to understand the mechanisms of self-sustaining populations of amphibians in urban environments. To assess the impact of natural and anthropogenic factors on the development of amphibian populations were used cognitive modeling using the program Vensim PLE. Cognitive map of the model for urban and suburban habitat conditions were the same. The differences concerned the strength of connections between individual factors (migration, fertility, pollution) and their orientation. In general, factors like pollution, parasites, predators had negative impact on the population, reducing its number. The birth rate, food and migration contributed to raising number of individuals. Some of the factors affected on the strength to of each other as well: the majority of the factors affected the structure of the population, had an influence on the fertility. Thanks to it the model reflects the additive effect of complex of factors on the subsequent status of the population. Proposed and analyzed four scenarios differing strength and duration of exposure. In the first scenario, a one-time contamination occurs and not subsequently repeated. The second and third scenario assumes half board contamination, 1 year (2 scenario) and two years (scenario 3). In the fourth scenario, the pollution affected the population of amphibians constantly. In accordance with the results of simulation, much weaker than the natural populations respond to pollution - have them as an intensive population growth and its disappearance at constant pollution is slow. Changes to other parameters of the model showed that this pollution is the decisive factor -only the constant action leads to a lethal outcome for the populations. All other components of the model have a corrective effect on the population dynamics, without changing its underlying trand. In urban areas due to the heavy impact of pollution maintaining the population is only possible thanks to the migration process – the constant replenishment of diminishing micropopulations of natural reserves. This confirms the assumption that the form of existence metapopulations lake frog in the city. In order to maintain the number of amphibians in urban areas at a high level it is necessary to maintain existing migration routes and the creation of new ones. Insular nature of the placement of suitable habitats in urban areas causes the metapopulation structure of the types of urbanists. Therefore, the process of urbanization is much easier for those species whicht are capable of migration in conditions of city. In the initial stages of settling the city micropopulationis formed by selective mortality of the most susceptible individuals to adverse effects. In future, maintaining the categories of individuals is provided mainly due to migration processes metapopulisation form of the species of existence is supported). It should be noted that the changes in the previous levels are always saved in future. In the case of reorganizations of individuals we of morphology can assume the existence of extremely adverse environmental conditions that threaten the extinction of the micropopulations. 

Epizootological features of demodicosis in homeless animals in the city of Tyumen ЭПИЗООТОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ОСОБЕННОСТИ ДЕМОДЕКОЗА У БЕЗДОМНЫХ ЖИВОТНЫХ В ГОРОДЕ ТЮМЕНИ

2019 ◽  
pp. 6-11
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Manifestation ◽  
Seasonal Dynamics ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Entire Population ◽  
Potential Threat ◽  
Stray Dogs ◽  
Stray Cats ◽  
The City

Широкое распространение безнадзорных животных на территории городов несет за собой потенциальную угрозу распространения зооантропонозных заболеваний, одним из которых является демодекоз. Невозможно разработать мероприятия, направленные на борьбу с заболеванием и его профилактику, без анализа данных особенностей возникновения и распространения инвазии среди всей популяции восприимчивых животных. Поэтому целью нашей работы явилось изучение распространения демодекоза среди безнадзорных собак и кошек в городе Тюмени. В задачи исследования входило изучение распространения демодекоза и его клинического проявления среди бездомных собак и кошек в условиях города Тюмени и определение сезонной динамики заболевания. Работу выполняли в 2016-2018 гг. на базе кафедры анатомии и физиологии ФГБОУ ВО ГАУ Северного Зауралья, в лаборатории акарологии ВНИИВЭА – филиала ТюмНЦ СО РАН, а также в производственных условиях на базе пункта временного содержания безнадзорных домашних животных МКУ «ЛесПаркХоз». Демодекозная инвазия распространена среди бездомных кошек и собак. Наиболее часто демодекоз встречается у собак, экстенсивность инвазии от 0,65 до 0,72%. Заболевание демодекозом у бездомных собак регистрировали на протяжении всего года, но 54,6% больных собак поступали в апреле и мае. Большинство больных демодекозом – это молодые собаки в возрасте от 1,5 месяцев до 2-х лет – 75,76%, животные старше двух лет гораздо реже страдали от демодекоза – 24,24%. Генерализацию демодекоза регистрировали у 21 собаки (63,64%), а локализованные очаги – у 12 собак (36,36%). Наиболее распространенной формой проявления демодекоза у бездомных собак является пустулезная, или пиодемодекоз. Данная форма заболевания была отмечена у 16 собак (48,49%), чешуйчатая форма отмечалась у 10 собак (30,30%), а смешанная – у 7 собак (21,21%). The widespread use of stray animals in urban areas carries with it the potential threat of the spread of zooanthroponotic diseases, one of which is demodicosis. It is impossible to develop measures aimed at combating the disease and its prevention without analyzing the data on the characteristics of the occurrence and spread of invasion among the entire population of susceptible animals. Therefore, the purpose of our work was to study the distribution of demodicosis among street dogs and cats in the city of Tyumen. The objectives of the study included the study of the spread of demodicosis and its clinical manifestation among stray dogs and cats in the conditions of the city of Tyumen and the determination of the seasonal dynamics of the disease. Demodectic invasion is common among stray cats and dogs. Most often, demodicosis occurs in dogs, with extensive invasion from 0.65 to 0.72%. Demodecosis in stray dogs was recorded throughout the year, but 54.6% of sick dogs were reported in April and May. The majority of patients with demodicosis are young dogs between the ages of 1.5 months and 2 years old - 75.76%, animals older than two years suffer less from demodicosis, only 24.24%. Generalization of demodicosis was recorded in 21 dogs (63.64%), and localized foci in 12 dogs (36.36%). The most common form of demodicosis in stray dogs is pustular or pyodemodecosis. This form of the disease was observed in 16 dogs (48.49%), scaly form, was observed in 10 dogs (30.30%), and mixed in 7 dogs (21.21%).

PHYTOMONITORING AS A METOD OF THE ASSESSMENT OF ATMOSPHERIC AIR POLLUTION BY URBAN ENVIRONMENT BY FINE DUST

2019 ◽  
pp. 42-53
Author(s):  
Irina Glinyanova ◽  
Valery Azarov ◽  
Valery Fomichev
Keyword(s):  
Urban Environment ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Fine Particles ◽  
Prunus Armeniaca ◽  
Dust Particles ◽  
Fine Dust ◽  
Control Zone ◽  
Atmospheric Air ◽  
Random Functions ◽  
The City

Fine dust: (PM2.5, PM10) is a priority pollutant that contributes to the development of numerous dis-eases in urban areas. The purpose of this scientific work is to study the dispersed composition of dust parti-cles on the leaves of apricot trees (Prúnus armeníaca) in the residential zone of Volgograd. The novelty of the work lies in the study of the dispersed composition of dust particles on the leaves of apricot trees (Prúnus armeníaca) in the residential zone in the city of Volgograd near the construction industry enterprise, me-chanical engineering, leather production and railway transport line in comparison with the conditionally clean (control) zone of the SNT “Orocenets” ”(Sovetsky District, Volgograd) from the standpoint of random functions expressed by integral distribution curves of the mass of particles over their equivalent diameters. As a result of the research, the dispersed composition of dust on the leaves of apricot trees (Prúnus ar-meníaca) in the residential area of Volgograd was revealed. Fine particles were found: PM2.5, PM10 in each of the studied points, which by their values, both in their number and mass fraction, significantly exceed the data on fine dust in a conditionally clean area (control) in the SNT “Oroshanets” (Sovetsky district Volgo-grad), which creates certain environmental risks for local residents. The dispersed analysis of particles from the standpoint of random functions in the future will allow with a sufficiently high degree of accuracy to pre-dict the dust content of urban atmospheric air in the range of monthly and / or seasonal average values compared to the traditional measurement of fine dust concentration in atmospheric air of the urban environ-ment as the maximum single or daily average. At the same time, further studies of dust on the leaves of plants in an urban environment, namely, the study of the density of its sedimentation, will also reveal a group of ur-ban plants that are best suited to retain PM2.5 and PM10 on leaf plates in this region, which can significantly increase the quality of the atmospheric air of the urban environment and be of a recommendatory nature for the state-owned landscaping services of the city of Volgograd when improving the green areas of a megacity.

scholarly journals Changes in Water Quality of the River das Antas as It Passes through Rural and Urban Areas

Urban Science ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
Valdemir Antoneli ◽  
Manuel Pulido-Fernández ◽  
João Anésio Bednarz ◽  
Leonardo Brandes ◽  
Michael Vrahnakis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Area ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Feasible Option ◽  
Decreasing Ph ◽  
The City

The catchment area of River das Antas (Irati, Paraná, Brazil) is of high importance both for human consumption and irrigation. Within Irati, this river passes through a rural area and through the city of Irati, crossing both poor and rich neighbourhoods. We selected three study areas downstream (a rural area, poor community, and rich neighbourhood) in which we measured turbidity, the concentration of sediments and pH during rainy days. Our results showed downstream trends of increasing turbidity and concentrations of sediments with decreasing pH. The values of turbidity and of concentration of sediments were significantly different in the rural area, while the pH values were significantly different between the three study areas. These findings highlight the effect of agricultural activities in the generation of sediments and turbidity. The—presumably expected—effects of organic urban waste from the poor neighbourhood were also detected in the pH values. We conclude that efforts should be made to ensure that land planning and training/education programmes on sustainable farming practices are undertaken by the authorities to reduce water pollution and its effects on water bodies during rainfall events, since paving streets is not a feasible option in the short term due to the high costs associated with this measure.

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