scholarly journals Seed storage protein changes and mobilization pattern in Bambaranut (Vigna subterranea) (L.) Verdc. during germination

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Najib M Saminu ◽  
Yusuf Y Muhammad
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Storage Protein ◽  
Free Amino Acids ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Storage Proteins ◽  
Seed Storage Protein ◽  
Protein Profile ◽  
Seed Storage ◽  
Germination Period

The germination of seeds involves series of events during which mobilization and utilization of seed storage proteins occur. This study is aimed at determining the changes in total and fractions of seed storage protein in six bambaranut landraces during 96 hrs germination period. The study assessed the changes in seed storage protein content, storage protein profile, endopeptidase activity, free amino acids and gibberellic acid levels. Significant (p<0.05) decrease in total storage protein after 24 hrs, albumin from 48 hrs and globulin and glutelin after 72 hrs germination period were observed in the studied landraces. Prolamin showed significant (p<0.05) decrease after 48 hrs in all the landraces. Five peptide bands were detected in the six landraces with molecular weights corresponding to 97.4 kDa, 45 kDa, 29 kDa, 20.1 kDa and 18 kDa. Peptide bands with molecular weight of 97 kDa and 29 kDa decreased in intensity after 48 hrs of germination in four landraces. Free amino acids content significantly (p<0.05) increased following 24 hrs germination period in all the landraces. The activity of endopeptidase increased significantly (p<0.05), reaching maximum after 96 hrs germination. Significant (p<0.05) increase in gibberellic acid level throughout germination period was also observed. Although slow degradation rate of storage proteins was observed, there was variation in the rate at which storage protein and its fractions decreased among the bambaranut landraces during germination. This variation could be utilized towards obtaining improved bambaranut genotypes with better germination characteristics.

scholarly journals Assessment of Genetic Diversity in Bambara Groundnut (Vigna subterranea) Landraces Based on Seed Storage Proteins Electrophoretic Pattern

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-47
Author(s):  
N.M. Saminu ◽  
B.G. Kurfi ◽  
Y.Y. Muhammad
Keyword(s):  
Storage Protein ◽  
Storage Proteins ◽  
Seed Storage Protein ◽  
Protein Profile ◽  
Seed Storage ◽  
Seed Storage Proteins ◽  
Bambara Groundnut ◽  
Vigna Subterranea ◽  
Research Attention ◽  
Major Cluster

Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea) is a leguminous crop that is considered underutilized and has previously received little research attention. Variability in a number of physiological factors, including germination rate, widely affects its production. Seed storage protein, its fractions and protein profile of six Bambara groundnut local landraces were studied to assess their genetic relatedness. Total seed storage protein and its fractions were estimated by Bradford’s method. SDS-PAGE analysis was used to evaluate storage protein profile. The results showed significant differences (p<0.05) in protein contents among the landraces. The major seed storage proteins were found to be globulins (0.048 to 0.088mg/mL ), albumins (0.023 to 0.038mg/mL ), glutelins (0.007 to 0.013mg/mL ) and prolamins (0.002 to 0.004mg/mL ). Five peptide bands were detected with molecular weights corresponding to 97.4 kDa, 45 kDa, 29 kDa, 20.1 kDa and 18 kDa, respectively. Three peptide bands corresponding to 97.4 kDa, 45 kDa and 18 kDa were detected in all the landraces and two peptide bands between 29 kDa and 20.1 kDa were detected in five landraces. Dendrogram generated by UPGMA grouped the six landraces into one major cluster with two sub-clusters. The observed diversity in storage protein pattern of the landraces indicated their potential as materials for crop improvement.

scholarly journals Seed storage protein variation in Arachis species

Genome ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 487-496 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. G. Lanham ◽  
B. P. Forster ◽  
P. McNicol ◽  
J. P. Moss ◽  
W. Powell
Keyword(s):  
Storage Protein ◽  
Seed Protein ◽  
Storage Proteins ◽  
Seed Storage Protein ◽  
Protein Profile ◽  
Seed Storage ◽  
Protein Polymorphism ◽  
Protein Patterns ◽  
Protein Variation ◽  
Arachis Duranensis

Seventy-two accessions, representing 22 species from sections Arachis, Erectoides, Extranervosae, and Triseminalae of the genus Arachis, were screened for seed storage protein polymorphism. Variation was detected between sections, between genome types, between species, and in some cases between different accessions of the same species or different seeds of the same accession. Arachis duranensis and one accession of A. cardenasii were found to have identical protein patterns. The greatest dissimilarity was found between species of the section Extranervosae and species of the section Triseminalae. Those of section Erectoides showed much similarity with some species of section Arachis. Protein polymorphism was shown to distinguish the two subspecies of A. hypogaea (fastigiata and hypogaea) in 27 of 28 cases. The seed protein profile of A. monticola was a combination of seed protein profiles from the two A. hypogaea subspecies. The relatedness between the various species was calculated and those that had the greatest similarity with A. hypogaea were A. spegazzinii and A. batizocoi.Key words: Arachis, groundnut, storage proteins, variation.

scholarly journals Free amino acids in the xylem sap of pear trees during dormancy

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (7) ◽  
pp. 1136-1141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anderson Carlos Marafon ◽  
Flavio Gilberto Herter ◽  
Fernando José Hawerroth ◽  
Adriana Neutzling Bierhals
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Free Amino Acids ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Storage Proteins ◽  
Xylem Sap ◽  
Fruit Trees ◽  
Temperate Climate ◽  
Pear Trees ◽  
Effective Use

ABSTRACT: Storage and remobilization are considered key processes for the effective use of nitrogen in temperate fruit trees. As dormancy begins, storage proteins are synthesized, coinciding with a reduction in the levels of free amino acids. Consequently, as dormancy breaks, these storage proteins are degraded, and an increase in the concentrations of amino acids occurs, in order to support new growth. The objective of this study was to evaluate water content of different vegetative tissues (buds, bark, and bole wood), volume of xylem sap, and free amino acid concentrations of xylem sap, during winter dormancy of Hosui Japanese pear trees (VL). Plant material was obtained from the Embrapa Temperate Climate experimental orchard at Pelotas, in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Xylem sap was extracted from the branches with the aid of a vacuum pump, and the free amino acids were determined by gas chromatography, using the EZ kit: Faast GC/FID (Phenomenex). Water content of buds, as well as the volume of sap and concentrations of both aspartic acid and asparagine, substantially increased over time, reaching maximum values in the phase preceding sprouting.

Profiling the Seed Storage Protein Among Different Genotypes of Trigonella foenum-graecum L. (Fenugreek)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nisha . ◽  
Priyanka Khati ◽  
P B Rao
Keyword(s):  
Storage Protein ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Storage Proteins ◽  
Seed Storage Protein ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Seed Storage ◽  
Seed Storage Proteins ◽  
Protein Band ◽  
Trigonella Foenum Graecum ◽  
Trigonella Foenum Graecum L

A qualitative as well as quantitative categorization of seed storage proteins profiles of 23 genotypes of Trigonella foenum- graecum L. were performed by using sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) for exploring the level of genetic discrepancy at seed storage protein level. Total soluble proteins were resolved on 10% resolving gel. A dendrogram was constructed on the basis of weight of seed storage proteins, which divide total genotypes into two groups further classified into different sub groups containing different genotypes in them. The bands obtained from gel electrophoresis can serve as a potent tool in discrimination of different genotypes on the basis of their protein content. Proteins with molecular weight 66, 43 and 35 kDa were found in all the genotypes except Fgk-76, PR, Rmt-303, PEB and Rmt-361, The 43 kDa protein band was found missing in Fgk-67, AFg-2, AM-2, AFg-4, Fgk-73, although the protein with 35 kDa weight was present in all the genotypes but not in Rmt-303 same as 63 kDa which is not present in Fgk-70 and 55 kDa protein band was found missing in Fgk-67, Afg-4 and Rmt-361.

scholarly journals Nitrogen topdressing timing modifies free amino acids profiles and storage protein gene expression in wheat grain

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yingxin Zhong ◽  
Dachao Xu ◽  
Kim Henrik Hebelstrup ◽  
Donglei Yang ◽  
Jian Cai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Amino Acids ◽  
Storage Protein ◽  
Free Amino Acids ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Protein Gene ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Storage Protein Gene ◽  
And Storage

scholarly journals Effect of nitrogen and sulphur nutrition on storage protein quality in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill]

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 296-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Sharma ◽  
S. Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Storage Protein ◽  
Protein Quality ◽  
Storage Proteins ◽  
Seed Storage Protein ◽  
Soybean Protein ◽  
Relative Proportion ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Seed Storage ◽  
Grain Legumes ◽  
Maximum Increase

The relative availabilities of nitrogen and sulphur can modulate seed storage protein composition in grain legumes and cereals. Soybean contains two major seed storage proteins, glycinins and β-conglycinins that account for approximately 70% of total protein and their composition is affected by nitrogen and sulphur supplies. The present study demonstrated the effect of sulphur (Gypsum @ 20 kg S ha-1 ) and recommended a dose of nitrogen (Urea @ 31.25 kg N ha-1 ) alone or in combination on accumulation patterns of various protein fractions and protein quality in soybean seeds under agro-climatic conditions of Punjab. Application of nitrogen or sulphur alone decreased the relative proportion of β-subunit of purified β-conglycinin fraction than control. The acidic polypeptides of glycinin fraction of globulin and 11S/7S ratio were increased in all the treatments in comparison to control, and the maximum increase was reported in the combined application of gypsum with the recommended dose of urea. The lower proportion of total 7S, increased acidic polypeptides and improved 11S:7S ratio by combined treatment of nitrogen and sulphur suggests that gypsum @ 20 kg S ha-1 can be beneficial when applied along the recommended nitrogen dose to improve soybean protein quality.

scholarly journals Genetic variation in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) using seed protein markers

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-69
Author(s):  
Henok Ayelign ◽  
Eleni Shiferaw ◽  
Faris Hailu
Keyword(s):  
Common Bean ◽  
Storage Protein ◽  
Storage Proteins ◽  
Seed Storage Protein ◽  
Gene Diversity ◽  
Seed Proteins ◽  
Seed Storage ◽  
Seed Storage Proteins ◽  
Protein Markers ◽  
Mesoamerican Gene Pool

AbstractThe genetic diversity of common bean accessions were assessed using seed storage protein markers. At regional level, accessions from the two major growing regions showed the highest level of gene diversity (H = 0.322, I = 0.485, and H = 0.312, I = 0.473), which can be exploited for the future improvement of the crop. Based on phaseolin, the major storage protein in common bean, the majority of the accessions (86%) were grouped under Mesoamerican gene pool. Seed proteins were also used to differentiate various Phaseolus species, indicating the usefulness of seed storage proteins in species identification in this genus.

scholarly journals Effect of Selected Growth Stimulators on the Yield of Cilantro

HortScience ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 859D-859
Author(s):  
J. Pablo Morales-Payan* ◽  
William M. Stall
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Free Amino Acids ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Coriandrum Sativum ◽  
Short Chain ◽  
Seaweed Extracts

Field experiments were conducted in Citra, Fla., to determine the effect of acetylthioproline (AP, 250 mg·L-1), gibberellic acid (GA3, 50 mg·L-1), triterpenic acid (TTA, 300 mg·L-1), a commercial glycine-rich complex of free amino acids and short-chain peptides (ACP, 1500 mg·L-1), and two commercial cytokinin-rich seaweed extracts (CST and CTR, both at 30 mg·L-1) on the yield of cilantro (Coriandrum sativum). Aqueous solutions of the AP, ACP, GA3, CST, CTR, and TTA were sprayed on the leaves of cilantro at 15 and 30 days after crop emergence (DAE). Fresh and dry cilantro shoot yields were determined after harvest (60 DAE). No toxicity was apparent from the treatments. For any given treatment, fresh and dry shoot yields were positively correlated. TTA did not significantly affect cilantro yield. GA3, AP, and ACP increased fresh cilantro yield by 23%, 19%, and 16%, respectively, as compared to control plants. When CST or CTR were applied, fresh cilantro yield was 12% higher than in control plants.

The role of mRNA and protein sorting in seed storage protein synthesis, transport, and deposition

2005 ◽  
Vol 83 (6) ◽  
pp. 728-737 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew J Crofts ◽  
Haruhiko Washida ◽  
Thomas W Okita ◽  
Mio Satoh ◽  
Masahiro Ogawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Storage Protein ◽  
Storage Proteins ◽  
Seed Storage Protein ◽  
Protein Localization ◽  
Protein Sorting ◽  
Seed Storage ◽  
Seed Storage Proteins ◽  
Rna Localization ◽  
Endomembrane System

Rice synthesizes and accumulates high levels of 2 distinct classes of seed storage proteins and sorts them to separate intracellular compartments, making it an ideal model system for studying the mechanisms of storage protein synthesis, transport, and deposition. In rice, RNA localization dictates the initial site of storage protein synthesis on specific subdomains of the cortical endoplasmic reticulum (ER), and there is a direct relation between the RNA localization site and the final destination of the encoded protein within the endomembrane system. Current data support the existence of 3 parallel RNA localization pathways leading from the nucleus to the actively synthesizing cortical ER. Additional pathways may exist for the synthesis of cytoplasmic and nuclear-encoded proteins targeted to organelles, the latter located in a stratified arrangement in developing endosperm cells. The study of rice mutants, which accumulate unprocessed glutelin precursors, indicates that these multiple pathways prevent nonproductive interactions between different classes of storage proteins that would otherwise disrupt protein sorting. Indeed, it appears that the prevention of disruptive interactions between different classes of storage proteins plays a key role in their biosynthesis in rice. In addition to highlighting the unique features of the plant endomembrane system and describing the relation between RNA and protein localization, this minireview will attempt to address a number of questions raised by recent studies on these processes.Key words: mRNA localization, protein localization, endomembrane system, seed storage proteins, rice.

The frequent classes of expressed genes in wheat endosperm tissue as possible sources of genetic markers

2001 ◽  
Vol 52 (12) ◽  
pp. 1181 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. C. Clarke ◽  
O. R. Larroque ◽  
F. Békés ◽  
D. Somers ◽  
R. Appels
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Markers ◽  
Storage Protein ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Storage Proteins ◽  
Seed Storage Protein ◽  
Seed Storage ◽  
Endosperm Development ◽  
Endosperm Tissue ◽  
Wheat Endosperm ◽  
New Genes

Frequently expressed genes in wheat endosperm tissue provide a potentially useful source of genetic markers because genes that are relatively highly expressed in seed development may provide new candidate genes contributing to quality traits in wheat. Wheat endosperm tissue at 8–12 days post anthesis (DPA) was characterised with respect to the accumulation of the major classes of seed storage proteins. The accumulation of these proteins characterises the wheat endosperm and provides a framework within which the frequencies of different expressed sequence tags (ESTs) could be categorised. Major seed storage protein classes such as glutenins and gliadins comprised approximately 40% of the proteins in 8–12 DPA endosperm tissue, and the levels of transcripts from the respective genes provided a benchmark for assessing the frequency of transcripts from other genes. Based on the analysis of 4374 sequences, 2 categories were defined: frequent class, comprising ESTs occurring at a frequency of >4 copies, and a second category containing ESTs occurring at a frequency of <3. Comparison of frequent class sequences of wheat with sequences from a corn library of an equivalent category identified genes apparently characteristic of wheat and others that were conserved during endosperm development. A significant new class of seed storage protein genes present in wheat but absent from corn, and related to avenin-3 of oats, was identified. Other prominent wheat ESTs, including a glycine-rich cell wall protein, End-1 (originally identified in early barley endosperm), Brittle-1 (corn, possible adenylate translocator), and an endosperm specific protein (EST expressed specifically in endosperm), were mapped in wheat using single nucleotide polymorphisms. The analysis demonstrated the feasibility of identifying new genes by large-scale sequencing and targetting these as possible markers for quality attributes.

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