Replace of the EPOST glyphosate with pre herbicides and application of different LPOST glyphosate rates for weed control in established vineyard

Two-year field trials were conducted at two winegrowing districts (Kavadarci and Skopje in 2016 and 2017) to evaluate wheather oxyfluorfen, pendimethalin and flazasulfuron can replace early post-emergence (EPOST) application of glyphosate in established vineyard until its application in early summer period. The weed vegetation in vineyards in both years was consisted mainly of Chenopodium album L., Setaria viridis (L). Beauv., Papaver rhoeas L., Xanthium strumarium L., Lolium multiflorum Lam., Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers. and Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. Pendimethalin, oxyfluorfen and flazasulfuron efficiently reduced predominant annual weeds and S. halepense seedlings in 2017, but not in 2016. PRE herbicides, regardless year, had no significant effect on C. dactylon. Opposite, the efficacy of EPOST applied glyphosate was significantly lower in 2017 compared to 2016. LPOST glyphosate applied at 2.0 l ha-1 provided at least 94 % control of dominant annual broadleaf and grass weeds. LPOST application of glyphosate at 2.0 l ha-1 and glyphosate at 2.0 and 4.0 l ha-1 resulted in unsatisfactory weed control of predominant perennial S. halepense, and C. dactylon, respectively. LPOST glyphosate applied at 4.0 l ha-1 provided control of S. halepense by 84 % or more. LPOST glyphosate applied at 8.0 l ha-1 reduced the amount of S. halepense and C. dactylon at least 97 %. Grapevine yield of both varieties was not lower in all herbicide treatments in 2016 compared with 2017. However, yield in the PRE herbicide treatments fb 2.0 and 4.0 l ha-1 glyphosate was collectively 15-19 % and 17-19 % lower compare to PRE herbicide treatments fb 8.0 l ha-1 glyphosate and standard two applications of glyphosate, respectively for both years and districts. No impacts to grapevine growth were observed from PRE herbicide treatments at either district

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Control of common cocklebur (Xanthium strumarium L.) in corn

Canadian Journal of Plant Science ◽

10.4141/cjps10065 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 90 (6) ◽

pp. 933-938 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

N. Soltani ◽

C. Shropshire ◽

P.H. Sikkema

Keyword(s):

Environmental Conditions ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Field Trials ◽

Xanthium Strumarium ◽

Corn Yield ◽

Shoot Dry Weight ◽

Herbicide Treatments ◽

Excellent Control

Nine field trials (five with PRE and four with POST herbicides) were conducted in 2006 to 2009 on various Ontario farms with heavy common cocklebur infestations to determine the effectiveness of PRE and POST herbicides for the control of common cocklebur in corn. There was no commercially significant corn injury from the PRE herbicides evaluated. Saflufenacil, saflufenacil/dimethenamid-p, isoxaflutole + atrazine, mesotrione + atrazine and dicamba/atrazine, applied PRE provided 85, 85, 76, 73 and 67% control of common cocklebur in corn 8 wk after emergence (WAE), respectively. Common cocklebur shoot dry weight was reduced 84, 80, 79, 75 and 68% with saflufenacil/dimethenamid-p, isoxaflutole + atrazine, mesotrione + atrazine, saflufenacil and dicamba/atrazine, respectively. There was no effect on corn yield compared with the weedy control with the PRE herbicides evaluated. The application of 2,4-D/atrazine POST resulted in unacceptable injury (28%) in corn. Dicamba/atrazine, dicamba/diflufenzopyr, dicamba and mesotrione + atrazine provided up to 98, 95, 90 and 90% control of common cocklebur 8 wk after application (WAA), respectively. All POST herbicide treatments increased corn yield compared with the non-treated control. Saflufenacil and saflufenacil/dimethenamid-p applied PRE and dicamba, dicamba/diflufenzopyr, dicamba/atrazine or mesotrione + atrazine applied POST have potential to provide good to excellent control of common cocklebur in corn under Ontario environmental conditions.

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Effect of Tillage and Soil-Applied Herbicides with Micro-Rate Herbicide Programs on Weed Control and Sugarbeet Growth

Weed Technology ◽

10.1614/wt-08-075.1 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 23 (2) ◽

pp. 264-269 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Scott L. Bollman ◽

Christy L. Sprague

Keyword(s):

Weed Control ◽

Field Trials ◽

Tillage Systems ◽

Common Lambsquarters ◽

Redroot Pigweed ◽

Giant Foxtail ◽

Herbicide Treatments ◽

Herbicide Programs

Field trials were conducted to determine if tillage and soil-applied herbicides had an effect on weed control and sugarbeet growth with a micro-rate herbicide program. Sugarbeet emergence was earlier in the moldboard plowed system compared with the chisel plowed system at three of four sites. Conditions were dry and sugarbeets emerged 5 d later in the moldboard plowed system compared with the chisel plowed system at the fourth site. Even though the rate of sugarbeet emergence differed between tillage systems at all four sites, final sugarbeet populations did not differ at two of the four sites. Sugarbeet injury from PRE treatments ofS-metolachlor, ethofumesate, and ethofumesate plus pyrazon, followed by four POST micro-rate applications, ranged from 11 to 27% and 1 to 18% in the chisel and moldboard plowed systems, respectively, 6 wk after planting (WAP). Under wet conditions, sugarbeet stand was reduced and injury was greatest from PRE applications ofS-metolachlor. Common lambsquarters, pigweed (redroot pigweed and Powell amaranth), and giant foxtail control in mid-August was consistently higher when a PRE herbicide was applied prior to micro-rate herbicide treatments. Even though there were differences between PRE and no-PRE treatments with respect to sugarbeet injury and weed control, recoverable white sucrose yield did not differ between herbicide treatments. However, recoverable white sucrose yield was greater in the moldboard plowed treatments compared with the chisel plowed treatments at three out of the four sites.

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Weed control with postemergence glyphosate tank mixes in glyphosate-resistant soybean

Canadian Journal of Plant Science ◽

10.4141/cjps-2014-060 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 94 (7) ◽

pp. 1239-1244 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Kimberly D. Walsh ◽

Nader Soltani ◽

Lynette R. Brown ◽

Peter H. Sikkema

Keyword(s):

Weed Control ◽

Weed Management ◽

Field Trials ◽

Common Ragweed ◽

Common Lambsquarters ◽

Herbicide Treatments ◽

Untreated Check

Walsh, K. D., Soltani, N., Brown, L. R. and Sikkema, P. H. 2014. Weed control with postemergence glyphosate tank mixes in glyphosate-resistant soybean. Can. J. Plant Sci. 94: 1239–1244. Six field trials were conducted over a 3-yr period (2011, 2012 and 2013) in Ontario, Canada, to evaluate various postemergence (POST) glyphosate tank mixes for weed management in glyphosate-resistant (GR) soybean. Herbicide treatments included glyphosate applied alone or mixed with acifluorfen, fomesafen, bentazon and thifensulfuron-methyl. Glyphosate tank mixtures with acifluorfen, fomesafen, bentazon and thifensulfuron-methyl caused GR soybean injury of up to 21, 11, 4 and 14% at 7 d after treatment (DAT), which was reduced to 5, 0, 0 and 2% by 28 DAT, respectively. Velvetleaf, green pigweed, common ragweed and common lambsquarters control ranged from 55 to 95, 93 to 100, 70 to 92 and 81 to 98% at 28 DAT respectively. Relative to glyphosate alone, tank mixtures with thifensulfuron-methyl provided equivalent to increased weed control, while acifluorfen, fomesafen and bentazon provided equivalent to reduced weed control. All herbicide tank mixtures resulted in higher yields (3.8–4.0 t ha−1) than the untreated check (2.7 t ha−1), and were generally equivalent to glyphosate alone (4.1 t ha−1). Results from this study indicate that the glyphosate tank mixtures evaluated did not provide a benefit over glyphosate alone.

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FALL, SPLIT, AND TANK-MIX APPLICATION METHODS AS ALTERNATIVES TO SPRING PREEMERGENT HERBICIDE APPLICATION

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.27.6.627g ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 27 (6) ◽

pp. 627g-628

Author(s):

Martin L. Kaps ◽

Marilyn B. Odneal

Keyword(s):

Weed Control ◽

Residual Activity ◽

Early Summer ◽

Herbicide Application ◽

Weed Growth ◽

Full Rate ◽

Winter Annual ◽

Application Methods ◽

Annual Weeds ◽

Better Than

Preemergent herbicides were applied to vineyards in the southcentral Missouri Ozark region. These were applied at full label rate in the fall or in the spring, at half rate in the fall and again in the spring, and as tank-mixes in the spring. Days of acceptable annual weed control (30% or less cover) beyond the untreated control were determined for these application methods over three years. The fall applications were effective at controlling winter annual weeds and early summer annual weed growth the following season. By mid summer the fall applied preemergents lost residual activity. Splitting the label rate between fall and spring was no better than a full rate spring application at increasing the days of acceptable summer annual weed control. Single preemergent spring application performed as well as tank-mixes.

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Early Season Broadleaf Weed Control in Onion

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.41.4.971d ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 41 (4) ◽

pp. 971D-972

Author(s):

Harlene M. Hatterman-Valenti ◽

Carrie E. Schumacher ◽

Collin P. Auwarter ◽

Paul E. Hendrickson

Keyword(s):

Weed Control ◽

Chenopodium Album ◽

Field Studies ◽

Amaranthus Retroflexus ◽

High Rate ◽

Early Season ◽

Common Lambsquarters ◽

Redroot Pigweed ◽

Herbicide Treatments ◽

Residual Control

Field studies were conducted at Absaraka, Carrington, and Oakes, N.D., in 2005 to evaluate early season broadleaf weed control and onion (Allium cepa L.) injury with herbicides applied preemergence to the crop. DCPA is a common preemergence herbicide used in onion. However, DCPA can be uneconomical in most high-weed situations, or the usage may be restricted due to possible groundwater contamination. Potential substitutes evaluated were bromoxynil, dimethenamid-P, and pendimethalin. Main broadleaf weeds were redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus L.) and common lambsquarters (Chenopodium album L.). In general, all herbicides, except bromoxynil, provided acceptable broadleaf weed control 4 weeks after treatment. The highest herbicide rate provided greater weed control compared with the lowest rate for each herbicide. However, onion height was also reduced with the highest herbicide rate. In addition, the two highest rates of dimethenamid-P reduced the onion stand compared with the untreated. A postemergence application of bromoxynil + oxyfluorfen + pendimethalin to onion at the four- to five-leaf stage controlled the few broadleaf weeds that escaped the preemergence treatments and provided residual control of mid- and late-season germinating broadleaf weeds at two of the three locations. Intense germination of redroot pigweed during July at the Oakes location reduced onion yield with all treatments compared with the hand-weeded check. In contrast, total onion yields with all herbicide treatments except the high rate of dimethenamid-P were similar to the hand-weeded check at Absaraka and Carrington.

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Rates of Herbicides in Irrigated Cotton

Weed Science ◽

10.1017/s0043174500052796 ◽

1975 ◽

Vol 23 (3) ◽

pp. 179-181

Author(s):

H. F. Arle ◽

K. C. Hamilton

Keyword(s):

Gossypium Hirsutum ◽

Weed Control ◽

Crop Yield ◽

Weed Competition ◽

Fiber Fineness ◽

Herbicide Treatments ◽

Boll Weight ◽

Annual Weeds

Rates of trifluralin (α,α,α-trifluoro-2,6-dinitro-N,N-dipropyl-p-toluidine) applied preplanting were combined with rates of diuron [3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea] applied postemergence in cotton (Gossypium hirsutumL. ‘Deltapine 16’). In another experiment, two levels of these herbicides were applied in three populations of cotton. All herbicide combinations improved weed control, compared to that of cultivated checks. Applications of 0.28, 0.42, and 0.56 kg/ha of trifluralin combined with 0.56 kg/ha of diuron controlled annual weeds and produced the highest cotton yields. Herbicide treatments had more influence than crop spacing on weed control and crop yield. Weed competition on cultivated checks affected boll weight, seed per boll, and fiber fineness.

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Postemergence Winter Weed Control in Bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon) Turf

Weed Science ◽

10.1017/s0043174500055533 ◽

1980 ◽

Vol 28 (4) ◽

pp. 385-392 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

B. J. Johnson

Keyword(s):

Weed Control ◽

Initial Treatment ◽

Cynodon Dactylon ◽

Time Interval ◽

Combination Treatments ◽

Anisic Acid ◽

Winter Annual ◽

Annual Weeds ◽

Dichlorophenoxy Acetic Acid ◽

Made In

Several herbicides were applied in January, February, and March with a comparison of the intervals of treatment of 2 and 4 weeks after the initial treatment each month for postemergence control of winter annual weeds in bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon(L.) Pers.] turf. Glyphosphate [N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine] treatments applied at 2-week intervals with the initial treatment made in January or February controlled a higher percentage of annual bluegrass (Poa annuaL.) than when applied in March. Hop clover (Trifolium agrariumL.) control was also higher when glyphosate was initially applied in January or February than when applied in March regardless of time interval between first and second treatment. Combination treatments of (a) 2,4-D [(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)acetic acid] + dicamba (3,6-dichloro-o-anisic acid) and (b) 2,4-D + mecoprop {2-[(4-chloro-o-tolyl)oxy] propionic acid} + dicamba applied at 2-week intervals with the initial treatment made in January or February controlled more corn speedwell (Veronica arvensisL.) and hop clover than when applied in March. Highest henbit (Lamium amplexicauleL.) control was obtained from the combination 2,4-D treatments made at 4-week intervals when initial treatment was made in February and March. Weed control was not influenced by dates and interval of repeated treatments with either paraquat (1,1′-dimethyl-4,4′-bipyridinium ion) or atrazine [2-chloro-4-(ethylamino)-6-(isopropylamino)-s-triazine] treatments. Germination and regrowth of weeds were greater in plots treated with glyphosate and paraquat initially in January or February than other herbicide-treated plots. Weeds were not reestablished in any of the atrazine-treated plots. Paraquat and combinations of 2,4-D + dicamba or 2,4-D + mecoprop + dicamba injured bermudagrass when applied initially in January and February even though they were applied to turf that appeared dormant. All herbicides injured bermudagrass more when applied to semi-dormant turf in March than to dormant turf in January or February. Atrazine affected bermudagrass less than any of the other herbicides tested when initial treatment was applied in March to semi-dormant turf.

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Sugarcane Tolerance and Italian Ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) Control with Paraquat

Weed Technology ◽

10.1614/wt-03-081r1 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 18 (3) ◽

pp. 555-559 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

James L. Griffin ◽

Donnie K. Miller ◽

Jeffrey M. Ellis ◽

Patrick A. Clay

Keyword(s):

Weed Control ◽

Lolium Multiflorum ◽

Sugar Yield ◽

Italian Ryegrass ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Weed Competition ◽

Percentage Points ◽

Herbicide Treatment ◽

Herbicide Treatments ◽

Second Year

Paraquat applied from mid-February through early April over 2 yr was evaluated for sugarcane tolerance and Italian ryegrass control. Sugarcane 31 cm tall at application was injured 16 to 25% and 8 to 14% 28 and 56 d, respectively, after mid-March application of paraquat at 0.35 or 0.70 kg ai/ha. Early-April application to 61-cm-tall sugarcane caused 13 to 25% injury. The observed injury was not reflected in reduced sugarcane shoot population or height or sugarcane or sugar yield when compared with diuron, the standard herbicide treatment. Italian ryegrass control 28 d after the mid-February application of paraquat alone at 0.53 or 0.70 kg/ha was variable, ranging from 80% in 1994 to no more than 66% in 1995. For each year, diuron at 3.2 kg/ha in combination with both rates of paraquat increased Italian ryegrass control 28 d after the mid-February application 11 to 17 percentage points. At 56 d after the mid-February application, addition of diuron proved beneficial only in 1994 when the paraquat and diuron combinations controlled ryegrass 93% compared with no more than 62% for paraquat applied alone. In contrast, Italian ryegrass was controlled the second year no more than 80% 56 d after the mid-February application of paraquat alone or with diuron. Paraquat applied at 0.70 kg/ha with diuron in mid-March controlled Italian ryegrass 80 and 86% 28 d after treatment in 1994 and 1995, respectively. For the standard herbicides metribuzin, terbacil, and diuron applied in mid-March, weed control was no greater than 38%. Although differences in Italian ryegrass control among herbicide treatments were observed, efficacy was sufficient to reduce weed competition such that sugarcane growth and yield were not negatively affected.

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Preemergence Herbicides for Potential Use in Potato Production

Weed Technology ◽

10.1614/wt-d-12-00023.1 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 26 (4) ◽

pp. 731-739 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Rick A. Boydston ◽

Joel Felix ◽

Kassim Al-Khatib

Keyword(s):

Weed Control ◽

Potato Production ◽

Field Trials ◽

Common Lambsquarters ◽

Hairy Nightshade ◽

Redroot Pigweed ◽

Herbicide Treatments ◽

Preemergence Herbicides ◽

Potential Use

Field trials were conducted in 2009 and 2010 near Paterson, WA and Ontario, OR to evaluate weed control and potato tolerance to PRE-applied pyroxasulfone, saflufenacil, and KSU12800 herbicides. Pyroxasulfone at 0.09 to 0.15 kg ai ha−1and saflufenacil at 0.05 to 0.07 kg ai ha−1applied PRE alone or in tank mixes with several currently labeled herbicides did not injure potatoes at either site in both years. KSU12800 at 0.15 kg ai ha−1injured potatoes from 18 to 26% for a period of about 4 wk after emergence at Ontario both years. In addition, KSU12800 at 0.29 and 0.45 kg ha−1injured potatoes from 17 to 38% at 17 d after treatment (DAT) at Paterson in 2009. Pyroxasulfone at 0.15 kg ha−1controlled barnyardgrass, hairy nightshade, and redroot pigweed 96% or greater, but control of common lambsquarters was variable. Saflufenacil at 0.07 kg ha−1provided greater than 93% control of common lambsquarters, hairy nightshade, and redroot pigweed at both sites in 2010. KSU12800 at 0.15 kg ha−1controlled common lambsquarters, hairy nightshade, and redroot pigweed 99% or more at Ontario, but only 87 to 93% at Paterson in 2010. These herbicides did not reduce yield of U.S. no. 1 tubers or total tuber yields compared to standard labeled herbicide treatments when weed control was adequate.

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Weed Control in Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) with Soil-applied Herbicides Affected by a Prolonged and Limited rainfall

Poljoprivreda ◽

10.18047/poljo.27.2.1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 27 (2) ◽

pp. 3-14

Author(s):

Zvonko Pacanoski ◽

◽

Arben Mehmeti ◽

Keyword(s):

Weed Control ◽

Chenopodium Album ◽

Field Trials ◽

Early Spring ◽

Amaranthus Retroflexus ◽

Soil Conditions ◽

Weed Species ◽

Polygonum Aviculare ◽

Growing Seasons ◽

Solanum Nigrum L

The field trials were carried out in the Bitola and Titov Veles regions during two sunflower growing seasons (2018 and 2019) to estimate a weed control in sunflower with the soil‒applied herbicides, influenced by a prolonged and limited rainfall. Polygonum aviculare L., Solanum nigrum L., Chenopodium album L., Amaranthus retroflexus L., Portulaca oleracea L., and Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) P. Beauv. were the most dominant weeds in both regions. The efficacy of PRE-em herbicides varied among the weed species, treatments, periods of efficacy estimation, regions, and years. The overall performances of the PRE-em herbicides were correlated with weather and soil conditions. The inconsistent weather patterns between the two years of the study likely influenced the weed control. All weeds in 2018 in the Bitola region were poorly controlled (<77% and <62%, 28 and 56 days after application, respectively) due to a higher amount of rainfall (57 mm) during the 10 days of the 1st decade after herbicide application. The herbicide efficacy has only produced a marginal control of weeds in 2019 in the Titov Veles region as well (<68% and <59%, 28 and 56 days after application, respectively), due to the drought conditions observed in this region in early spring and in mid-spring. A PREem application followed by a heavy rainfall resulted in a sunflower injury in the Bitola region in 2018, ranging from 9 to 28% across the PRE-em treatments seven days after emergence. The injuries by oxyfluorfen and dimethenamid-P were more serious (24 and 28%, respectively). The sunflower achene yields for each treatment in both regions generally reflected an overall weed control and crop injury.

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