scholarly journals Aristotle’s Mixture in its Medical and Philosophical Background: The Hippocratic De victu and the Aristotelian De generatione et corruptione

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Mirrone
Keyword(s):  
Equilibrium Points ◽  
Central Area ◽  
Qualitative Interaction ◽  
The World ◽  
Philosophical Background ◽  
Qualitative Dynamics ◽  
Previous Scholarship

Aristotle’s notion of qualitative interaction ruling both the process of mixture and the process of reciprocal elemental transmutation is based upon the idea of a physical contrariety endowed with two extremes and a wide central area where the opposite forces reach different equilibrium points (i.e., the so-called mixtures) or can be present to the fullest degree (in this case we do not have a mixture, but an element). Differently from previous scholarship which attributes this notion specifically to Aristotle, we have found, in a text which Aristotle seems to have been acquainted with, the Hippocratic De victu, an incipient structure of a contrariety endowed with extremes and a central area where opposite forces meet and yield respective equilibrium points, mixtures, which, as in Aristotle, give an account of the variety of beings existing in the world. In this article, we suggest the possibility that in the development of the Aristotelian thinking about elemental and qualitative dynamics, the Hippocratic De victu may have contributed to suggesting to Aristotle a way of envisioning the structure of his basic physical contrarieties.

Philosophical Background

2021 ◽  
pp. 11-18
Author(s):  
Mark Timmons
Keyword(s):  
Human Beings ◽  
Phenomenal World ◽  
Knowledge Of God ◽  
Freedom Of The Will ◽  
The World ◽  
Philosophical Background ◽  
The Will ◽  
Kant's Ethics ◽  
Immortality Of The Soul ◽  
Cognition And Knowledge

This chapter provides a brief overview of certain elements of Kant’s metaphysics and epistemology that are essential background for understanding certain features of his ethical theory. In particular, it presents Kant’s distinction between the ‘world of sense’ or ‘phenomenal world’ and the ‘world of understanding’ or ‘noumenal world’ as a basis for explaining the limits of theoretical cognition which rules out theoretical cognition and knowledge of God, immortality of the soul, and freedom of the will, yet allows Kant to affirm their reality on moral grounds, needed to explain how the highest good is possible. Of importance for understanding certain claims in his work on virtue is the distinction between the phenomenal world and the noumenal world as it applies to human beings. The chapter concludes with reflections on the relation between Kant’s ethics and his metaphysical and epistemological commitments.

scholarly journals A Preliminary Study of Yoga Tourism and its Prospects in Nepal

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Ramesh R. Kunwar ◽  
Netra P. Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Sample Survey ◽  
Income Generation ◽  
Library Research ◽  
Travel Agencies ◽  
The World ◽  
Philosophical Background ◽  
Wellness Tourism ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Inherent Quality

 This article attempts to reveal the prospects of yoga tourism in Nepal. Yoga is gaining popularity worldwide due to its inherent quality to transform a person from illness to wellness. This is the reason yoga tourism is studied in academia under the umbrella term of wellness tourism. There are potentialities how Nepal can be one of the best destinations for yoga tourism. Nepal is spiritually saturated country being the birthplace of Gautama Buddha and playground of Lord Shiva, the Yogishwara. At the same time, Nepal is a Himalayan country including the highest mountain, Mt. Everest. The cultural heritage is another attraction. The simplicity of people attracts tourists who aim to learn yoga practices while visiting places for refreshment. This article has dealt about how yoga tourism is spreading, what are its theoretical and philosophical background, prospects and potentialities and so on. The major methodology applied in this article is library research, case studies and visiting actual places where yoga tourists from all over the world gather. Yoga retreat survey has revealed actual scenario of yoga tourism. Historicity of yoga philosophy is uncovered using original Classical Sanskrit Cannons. A sample survey identified yoga retreat centers in Kathmandu, the facilities available and potential aspects of tourism and income generation. The finding section documented the actual problems and prospects faced by the hosts, i.e., travel agencies, owners of yoga retreat centers, hoteliers, and yoga masters. The research has reached in conclusion: if right policies and facilities are generated, Nepal will gain a new identity as best destination for yoga tourism in the world. There are potentialities to develop internal yoga tourism as well. One can visualize Nepal being famous and prosperous from yoga tourism and Nepalese people gaining health, wealth and wellbeing by living yogic lifestyle and collecting reputation as yoga masters by guiding tourists into yoga life.

Silk Road Christians and the Translation of Culture in Tang China

2017 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 15-38
Author(s):  
Scott Fitzgerald Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Silk Road ◽  
Cultural Translation ◽  
Cultural Environment ◽  
Christian Identity ◽  
Central Asian ◽  
The World ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Silk Road ◽  
Previous Scholarship

This article attempts to analyse the famous ‘Nestorian Monument’ from Xi'an, set up in 781 by Syriac Christians, as a document of cultural translation and integration. Previous scholarship on the monument has tended to privilege either the Syriac or the Chinese sections of the inscription. By combining the two, and by making use of recent advances in the study of Syriac Christians along the Silk Road, this article argues that the Syriac Christians who set up the monument were using their long history, extending from Persia to China, as a means of establishing their community publicly in new political circumstances of China in the 780s. The role of Syriac on this monument was twofold: it signalled to the local Syriac-speaking community their fundamental ties to the world of Persian and central Asian Christianity, while it also allowed, through ideological and linguistic interaction with Chinese, the maintenance of a Syriac Christian identity through the process of translation. The language of Syriac therefore provides the background of a community looking both backward and forward in a foreign, changing cultural environment.

Heirs of Yu the Great: Flood Relief in 1740s China

T oung Pao ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 96 (4) ◽  
pp. 471-542
Author(s):  
Helen Dunstan
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Senior Official ◽  
Cultural Framework ◽  
The World ◽  
Bureaucratic Response ◽  
Bureaucratic Procedure ◽  
Relief Efforts ◽  
Previous Scholarship

AbstractThis article presents a case study of the bureaucratic response to devastating floods that struck northern Jiangsu and Anhui provinces in 1746. It is based on the detailed official directives preserved in an anonymous casebook of administrative correspondence. The work offers revealing glimpses into the world of a senior official striving to balance correct bureaucratic procedure with prompt, meticulous attention to the pressing needs of over 800,000 flood victims. The article highlights some noteworthy features of the approach to flood relief reflected in the casebook, thereby complementing previous scholarship on the state's response to drought in the same period and refining our understanding of some points of procedure. The material arguably represents Qing famine-relief efforts at their peak of conscientiousness, on the eve of a long era of decline. Concluding reflections place the study in a larger, cross-cultural framework, identifying possible implications for the diplomacy of human rights in our own day. L'étude de cas présentée dans cet article porte sur la réponse de la bureaucratie aux inondations dévastatrices qui affligèrent les provinces du Jiangsu et du Anhui en 1746. Elle s'appuie sur les directives officielles détaillées conservées dans un recueil anonyme de correspondance administrative. L'ouvrage livre des aperçus révélateurs de l'univers d'un haut fonctionnaire s'efforçant de jongler entre l'application correcte de la réglementation et une attention immédiate et méticuleuse aux besoins urgents de plus de 800 000 victimes d'inondations. L'article met en lumière quelques traits remarquables des méthodes adoptées pour secourir ces dernières, ce qui permet de compléter les travaux antérieurs consacrés à l'action contre la sécheresse pendant ces mêmes années et d'affiner notre compréhension sur certains points de procédure. Les matériaux analysés représentent probablement les efforts pour combattre la famine sous les Qing au maximum de leur efficacité, avant une longue période de déclin. Les remarques de conclusion replacent cette étude dans une perspective interculturelle plus large et suggèrent de possibles implications pour la diplomatie des droits de l'homme aujourd'hui même.

scholarly journals Factores asociados a la eficacia de gol en waterpolo (Factors associated with shooting efficacy in water polo)

Retos ◽  
2015 ◽  
pp. 105-108
Author(s):  
Francisco Manuel Argudo Iturriaga ◽  
Laura Garcia Cervantes ◽  
Encarnación Ruiz Lara
Keyword(s):  
Success Rate ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Central Area ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Water Polo ◽  
European Water ◽  
The World ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Shooting Distance

Resumen. El objetivo del estudio fue analizar la relación entre la eficacia de gol en waterpolo y otros factores asociados como la microsituación de juego, la distancia de lanzamiento y el ángulo de lanzamiento. La muestra se compuso de 7215 lanzamientos pertenecientes al Campeonato de Europa de waterpolo (Málaga, 2008) y al Campeonato del Mundo de waterpolo (Roma, 2009). Los datos fueron analizados mediante el software Polo Análisis Directo v.1.0. Tanto en categoría femenina como masculina, la eficacia de gol de los lanzamientos de penalti fue mayor que en el resto de lanzamientos (p <.001). En waterpolo femenino se identificó un modelo con capacidad para predecir el 63% de los goles, donde se observó mayor posibilidad de gol en los lanzamientos llevados a cabo en jugadas de desigualdad numérica (OR=2.65) y de transición (OR=2.04). En waterpolo masculino el modelo tuvo capacidad para explicar el 65% de los goles, observándose mayor posibilidad de gol en las jugadas de desigualdad numérica (OR=2.59), en las jugadas de transición (OR=2.00) y en los lanzamientos efectuados desde la zona central o frontal a la portería (OR=1.33). Extrapolando los resultados al entrenamiento, deberíamos atender a dos directrices principalmente: la precisión de los lanzamientos realizados a una distancia inferior a 5 metros en las micro-situaciones de desigualdad numérica y de transición, y la eficacia de los lanzamientos en igualdad numérica a una distancia superior a 5 metros y desde posiciones laterales.Abstract. The aim of the study was to analyze the relationship between scoring and missing a goal in water polo and other associated factors such as the game micro-situation, shooting distance and shooting angle. The sample was composed of 7215 shots from the European Water Polo Championship (Malaga, 2008) and the World Water Polo Championship (Rome, 2009). The data were analyzed with Polo Analisis Directo v.1.0 software. The goal success rate of penalty shots was greater in both male and female categories than for non-penalty shots (p < .001). A model was identified in woman’s water polo that was able to predict 63% of the goals, in which the highest possibility of goal success was observed for shots taken during man-up situations (OR = 2.65) and transitions (OR = 2.04). The model applied to male water polo was able to predict 65% of the goals, showing that the highest possibility of scoring a goal corresponded to shots taken during man-up situations (OR = 2.59), in transitions (OR = 2.00) and those thrown from a central area (OR = 1.33). Extrapolating the results to apply to training, two main guiding principles should be adhered to: the precision of shots taken from less than 5 meters during man-up and transition micro-situations; and the efficacy of shots in numeric equality situations from over 5 meters and in lateral positions.

scholarly journals 'All Will be Amply Labelled…' The Educational Policies and Practices of the Horniman Free Museum

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 317-329
Author(s):  
Ryan Nutting
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Educational Policies ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Educational Practices ◽  
Educational Programming ◽  
The World ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
Member Of Parliament ◽  
Previous Scholarship

This work examines the policies and educational programming produced by the Horniman Free Museum in London prior to its closure in 1898. Relying upon primary sources, such as the writings of tea merchant and Member of Parliament Frederick Horniman and the staff of the museum, this article refutes previous scholarship on this museum and argues that the museum possessed a clear mission, curatorial and exhibition practices, and educational practices that were derived from late nineteenth-century museum practices and theory. By examining how the Horniman Free Museum created and described its policies and programming, this article presents a basis for further work on understanding how late nineteenth-century museums interpreted museum theory for constructing and displaying knowledge about the world.

Talk at the Brink

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
David R. Gibson
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Social Interaction ◽  
Cuban Missile Crisis ◽  
Historical Contingency ◽  
Sociological Perspective ◽  
Course Of Action ◽  
Audio Recordings ◽  
The World ◽  
High Level ◽  
Previous Scholarship

In October 1962, the fate of the world hung on the American response to the discovery of Soviet nuclear missile sites in Cuba. That response was informed by hours of discussions between John F. Kennedy and his top advisers. What those advisers did not know was that President Kennedy was secretly taping their talks, providing future scholars with a rare inside look at high-level political deliberation in a moment of crisis. This is the first book to examine these historic audio recordings from a sociological perspective. It reveals how conversational practices and dynamics shaped Kennedy's perception of the options available to him, thereby influencing his decisions and ultimately the outcome of the crisis. It looks not just at the positions taken by Kennedy and his advisers but how those positions were articulated, challenged, revised, and sometimes ignored. The book argues that Kennedy's decisions arose from the intersection of distant events unfolding in Cuba, Moscow, and the high seas with the immediate conversational minutia of turn-taking, storytelling, argument, and justification. In particular, the book shows how Kennedy's group told and retold particular stories again and again, sometimes settling upon a course of action only after the most frightening consequences were omitted or actively suppressed. This book presents an image of Kennedy's response to the Cuban missile crisis that is sharply at odds with previous scholarship, and has important implications for our understanding of decision making, deliberation, social interaction, and historical contingency.

scholarly journals New Analyses of Duopoly Game with Output Lower Limiters

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhaohan Sheng ◽  
Jianguo Du ◽  
Qiang Mei ◽  
Tingwen Huang
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Numerical Experiments ◽  
Financial Constraints ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Equilibrium Points ◽  
Stable Region ◽  
Economic Systems ◽  
Evolution System ◽  
Business World ◽  
The World

In the real business world, player sometimes would offer a limiter to their output due to capacity constraints, financial constraints, or cautious response to uncertainty in the world. In this paper, we modify a duopoly game with bounded rationality by imposing lower limiters on output. Within our model, we analyze how lower limiters have an effect on dynamics of output and give proof in theory why adding lower limiters can suppress chaos. We also explore the numbers of the equilibrium points and the distribution of conditioned equilibrium points. Stable region of the conditioned equilibrium is discussed. Numerical experiments show that the output evolution system having lower limiters becomes more robust than without them, and chaos disappears if the lower limiters are big enough. The local or global stability of the conditional equilibrium points provides a theoretical basis for the limiter control method of chaos in economic systems.

CHAOTIC MODELING AND SIMULATION IN ROTATION–TRANSLATION MODELS

2011 ◽  
Vol 21 (10) ◽  
pp. 3023-3031 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHRISTOS H. SKIADAS ◽  
CHARILAOS SKIADAS
Keyword(s):  
Modeling And Simulation ◽  
Difference Equations ◽  
Simulation Analysis ◽  
Equilibrium Points ◽  
Chaotic Attractors ◽  
Chaotic Flows ◽  
Fast Growing ◽  
Special Cases ◽  
The World ◽  
Discrete Methods

Chaotic modeling and simulation is a fast growing field that influences the world around us, and consequently also influences our ways of approaching, analyzing and solving problems. In this paper the rotation–translation case is presented based on the theory analyzed in the book — Chaotic Modeling and Simulation: Analysis of Chaotic Models, Attractors and Forms published by the above authors [Skiadas & Skiadas, 2008]. An overview of the chaotic flows in rotation–translation is given. Special cases and illustrations of chaotic attractors and forms are presented and a method of comparative presentation and analysis of the flows by using both continuous and discrete methods is applied by deriving the appropriate differential and difference equations' analogue. Furthermore, an analysis of chaotic attractors resulting in the models proposed is given along with an exploration of the characteristic or equilibrium points.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document