scholarly journals Sociolingvistická situace psaných slovanských jazyků v 1. polovině 18. století

2018 ◽  
pp. 7-40
Author(s):  
Vladislav Knoll
Keyword(s):  
18Th Century ◽  
Speech Community ◽  
Methodological Issues ◽  
Function Structure ◽  
Complex Image ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Creation ◽  
National Languages

The main aim of the article is to present a complex image of the diversity, use and functions of written Slavonic idioms in the first half of the 18th century, which is the period that shortly precedes the creation of the modern national languages. This detailed view shows that the number of the written varieties was much larger, and the function structure of the single languages and varieties in each speech community was more complex than now. The article also discusses the methodological issues linked to the studies on the pre-national languages and tries to find the common patterns of variety hierarchy in each of the main cultural areas of the Slavonic world.

Rediscovering Blackstone: wpływ Williama Blackstone’a na rozwój amerykańskiej nauki prawa w recepcji Alberta W. Alschulera

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-185
Author(s):  
Edyta Sokalska
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Common Law ◽  
The United States ◽  
Law School ◽  
Large Measure ◽  
American Colonies ◽  
Late 18Th Century ◽  
American Law ◽  
The Common

The reception of common law in the United States was stimulated by a very popular and influential treatise Commentaries on the Laws of England by Sir William Blackstone, published in the late 18th century. The work of Blackstone strengthened the continued reception of the common law from the American colonies into the constituent states. Because of the large measure of sovereignty of the states, common law had not exactly developed in the same way in every state. Despite the fact that a single common law was originally exported from England to America, a great variety of factors had led to the development of different common law rules in different states. Albert W. Alschuler from University of Chicago Law School is one of the contemporary American professors of law. The part of his works can be assumed as academic historical-legal narrations, especially those concerning Blackstone: Rediscovering Blackstone and Sir William Blackstone and the Shaping of American Law. Alschuler argues that Blackstone’s Commentaries inspired the evolution of American and British law. He introduces not only the profile of William Blackstone, but also examines to which extent the concepts of Blackstone have become the basis for the development of the American legal thought.

scholarly journals An Early European Critic of Hobbes’s De Corpore

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Clucas
Keyword(s):  
Natural Philosophy ◽  
Critical Reception ◽  
Human Being ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Common Understanding ◽  
Previous Scholarship ◽  
Philosophical Underpinning ◽  
Scholastic Tradition

The Animadversiones in Elementorum Philosophiae by a little known Flemish scholar G. Moranus, published in Brussels in 1655 was an early European response to Hobbes’s De Corpore. Although it is has been referred to by various Hobbes scholars, such as Noel Malcolm, Doug Jesseph, and Alexander Bird it has been little studied. Previous scholarship has tended to focus on the mathematical criticisms of André Tacquet which Moranus included in the form of a letter in his volume. Moranus’s philosophical objections to Hobbes’s natural philosophy offer a fascinating picture of the critical reception of Hobbes’s work by a religious writer trained in the late Scholastic tradition. Moranus’s opening criticism clearly shows that he is unhappy with Hobbes’s exclusion of the divine and the immaterial from natural philosophy. He asks what authority Hobbes has for breaking with the common understanding of philosophy, as defined by Cicero ‘the knowledge of things human and divine’. He also offers natural philosophical and theological criticisms of Hobbes for overlooking the generation of things involved in the Creation. He also attacks the natural philosophical underpinning of Hobbes’s civil philosophy. In this paper I look at a number of philosophical topics which Moranus criticised in Hobbes’s work, including his mechanical psychology, his theory of imaginary space, his use of the concept of accidents, his blurring of the distinction between the human being and the animal, and his theories of motion. Moranus’s criticisms, which are a mixture of philosophical and theological objections, gives us some clear indications of what made Hobbes’ natural philosophy controversial amongst his contemporaries, and sheds new light on the early continental reception of Hobbes’s work.

El Concepto De La lingüística Cognitiva En La Poesía Traducida Análisis Semántico Según La Teoría del Esquema Básico De La Referencia

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Hameed Abdulmajeed Abeer Hussein Abid
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Linguistics ◽  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Speech Community ◽  
Search For Meaning ◽  
Basic Scheme ◽  
Scheme Theory ◽  
The Common ◽  
Symmetry Relations ◽  
Shed Light

This research work is part of a project to get an M.A. degree. Some of the linguistic sciences specialized in the search for meaning in the text, such as semantics, pragmatics, cognitive linguistics and etc. will be clarified. Besides, we shed light on the elements of semantic analysis with examples according to the basic scheme theory of reference, which indicates that the language is of a fictional nature. As it is a variety of similarity and symmetry relations between the form of the word and its meaning, whether it is phonetic or written or related to metaphor, metonymy or analogy, and it is not a random relationship. In all these genres, a very important role is played by imaginative comprehension, which subsequently acquires a traditional character and spreads due to the common collective understanding of the word among speakers of the speech community.

The Creation of a Multi-Link Load Balancing Mechanism for Planetary Gearing: Part 2 — Optimum Mechanism Selection and Dimension Determination

1992 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhang Hong ◽  
Wei-qing Cao ◽  
Ting Li Yang ◽  
Jin Kui Chu
Keyword(s):  
Load Balancing ◽  
Arbitrary Number ◽  
Uniform Load ◽  
Topological Structures ◽  
Optimum Load ◽  
New Type ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Set Up

Abstract This paper is the second of a series of two papers which designed a new type of load balancing mechanisms for planetary gearings with arbitrary number of planets. In this paper the common expression of the non-uniform load share factor was deduced, and a function parameter:force-arm factor and their solution was given. That makes it possible that the dimensions and the ability of load equilibrium of Multi-Link Load Balancing Mechanisms can be determined. The criteria of optimum load balancing Mechanisms selection were set up with consider of the effects of turning pair clearances, and optimum mechanisms were selected among the 15 candidates obtained in Part 1. Finally, it was demonstrated that the optimum multi-link load balancing mechanisms for arbitrary number of planets had the similar topological structures and same function and performence of load equilibrium.

Representing and commoning the refugee crisis: The ‘assemblage’ of the Lesvos Migration Atlas

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-42
Author(s):  
Myrto Tsilimpounidi ◽  
Naya Tselepi ◽  
Orestis Pangalos ◽  
Chryssanthi ‘Christy’ Petropoulou
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Representations ◽  
Refugee Crisis ◽  
Photographic Material ◽  
New Material ◽  
The Commons ◽  
Collective Process ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Creation

This article uses a critical lens to examine the various representations of the so-called ‘refugee crisis’ in Lesvos, Greece through both the system of the hotspot regime and the performative acts of commoning, defined as the creation of the commons. It also proposes a process of commoning by the creation of an ‘assemblage’ of the Lesvos Migration Atlas. In this manner, the Atlas as an outcome of the research is itself a representation that embraces theory, narratives, practices, and acts; a visual and symbolic tool that provides space for photographic material, videos, artworks, (re)mappings, everyday stories, and reflective texts. At the same time, it is a collective process of capturing, writing and representing, open to new material and scripts – thus a product in a process of becoming. Overall, the online and interactive Lesvos Migration Atlas can well be approached as an ‘assemblage’ that respects the mobility and contingency of the various crises, representations and acts of commoning. In the Atlas, the refugee crisis, the hotspot regime and the common spaces that have been created are brought together through the emergence and critical confrontation of the multiple representations of Lesvos.

scholarly journals Forgotten Books: On the Making of Jane Porter’s "Thaddeus of Warsaw"

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 309-328
Author(s):  
Joel J. Janicki
Keyword(s):  
Great Britain ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Political Engagement ◽  
Moral Reform ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Cautionary Tale ◽  
National Hero ◽  
The Creation

This article attempts to identify and examine some of the factors and sources that led to the creation of a largely forgotten prose work of English fiction titled Thaddeus of Warsaw (1803) which became an immediate and extraordinary success. Jane Porter’s novel deals with a fictitious Polish patriot Thaddeus Sobieski, who is modelled on the Polish national hero Tadeusz Kosciuszko. The novel presents an excellent illustration of the cultural links between Great Britain and Poland towards the end of the 18th century and constitutes a cautionary tale for Porter’s English readers, one that creates a basis for moral reform and political engagement.

scholarly journals Respectus Philologicus, 2011 Nr. 19 (24)

2011 ◽  
pp. 1-284
Author(s):  
Gabija Bankauskaitė
Keyword(s):  
18Th Century ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Computer Hardware ◽  
Speech Community ◽  
Star Wars ◽  
Globalizing World ◽  
Polish Society ◽  
The One

CONTENTS I. PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONSMichał Mazurkiewicz (Poland). Sport versus Religion... 11Natalia А. Kuzmina (Russia). Poetry Book as a Supertext... 19Jonė Grigaliūnienė (Lithuania). Possessive Constructions as a Purely Linguistic Phenomenon?... 31 II. FACTS AND REFLECTIONSAleksandras Krasnovas, Aldona Martinonytė (Lithuania). Symbolizing of Images in Juozas Aputis Stories...40Jūratė Kumetaitienė (Lithuania). Tradition and Metamorphosis of Escapism (Running “from” or “into”) in the Modern and Postmodern Norwegian Literature...51Natalia V. Kovtun (Russia). Trickster in the Vicinity of Traditional Modern Prose...65Pavel S. Glushakov (Latvia). Semantic Processes in the Structure of Vasily Shukshin’s Poetics...81Tatyana Kamarovskaya (Belarus). Adam and the War...93Virginija Paplauskienė (Lithuania). Woman’s Language World in Liune Sutema’s Collection “Graffiti....99Jolanta Chwastyk-Kowalczyk (Poland). The Models of e-Comunication in the Polish Society of Britain and Northern Ireland...111Vilma Bijeikienė (Lithuania). How Equivocation Depends on the Way Questions are Asked: a Study in Lithuanian Political Discourse...123Viktorija Makarova (Lithuania). The One Who Names the Things, Masters Them: Ruskij vs. Rosijanin, Ruskij vs. Rosijskij in the Discourse of Russian Presidents...136Dorota Połowniak-Wawrzonek (Poland). Idioms from the Saga Film “Star Wars” in Contemporary Polish Language...144Ilona Mickienė, Inesa Birbilaitė (Lithuania). Women’s Naming in Telsiai Parish in the First Dacades of the 18th Century...158Liudmila Garbul (Lithuania). Reflection of Results of Interslavonic Language Contacts in the Russian Chancery Language of the First Half of the 17th Century (Synchronic and Diachronic Aspects). Part II...168Vilhelmina Vitkauskienė (Lithuania). Francophonie in Lithuania... 179Natalia V. Yudina (Russia). On the Role of the Russian Language in the Globalizing World of the XXI Century...189Maria Lojko (Belarus). Teaching Legal English to English Second Language Students in the US Law Schools...200 III. OPINIONElena V. Savich (Belarus). On Generation of an Integrative Method of Discourse Analysis...212Marek Weber (Poland). Lexical Analysis of Selected Lexemes Belonging to the Semantic Field ‘Computer Hardware’...220 IV. SCIENTISTS ABOUT SCIENTISTSOleg Poljakov (Lithuania). On the Female Factor in Linguistics and Around It... 228 V. OUR TRANSLATIONSBernard Sypniewski (USA). Snake in the Grass. Part II. Translated by Jurga Cibulskienė...239 VI. SCIENTIFIC LIFE CHRONICLEConferencesTatiana Larina (Russia), Laura Alba-Juez (Spain). Report and reflections of the 2010 International Conference on Intercultural Pragmatics and Communication in Madrid...246Books reviewsAleksandra M. Ponomariova (Russia). ЧЕРВИНСКИЙ, П. П., 2010. Номинативные аспекты и следствия политической коммуникации...252Gabija Bankauskaitė-Sereikienė (Lithuania). PAPLAUSKIENĖ, V., 2009. Liūnė Sutema: gyvenimo ir kūrybos keliais...255Yuri V. Shatin (Russia). Meaningful Curves. ГРИНБАУМ, О. Н., 2010. Роман А.С. Пушкина «Евгений Онегин»: ритмико-смысловой комментарий... 259Journal of scientific lifeDaiva Aliūkaitė (Lithuania). The Idea of the Database of Printed Advertisements: the Project “Sociolinguistics of Advertisements”...263Loreta Vaicekauskienė (Lithuania). The Project “Vilnius is Speaking: The Role of Vilnius Language in the Contemporary Lithuania, 2010”...265Daiva Aliūkaitė (Lithuania). The Project “Lithuanian Language: Fractures of Ideals, Ideologies and Identities”: Language Ideals from the Point of View of Ordinary Speech Community Members...267 Announce...269 VII. REQUIREMENTS FOR PUBLICATION...270 VIII. OUR AUTHORS...278

scholarly journals The “Slavic-Russian Nation” in the Historical Literature of Ukraine and Russia from the 1600s to the mid-1700s

Slovene ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 417-447
Author(s):  
Petr S. Stefanovich
Keyword(s):  
18Th Century ◽  
17Th Century ◽  
The Political ◽  
Russian History ◽  
Slavonic Language ◽  
Imperial Identity ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Church ◽  
Century Literature

The article analyzes the history of the concept of a “Slavic-Russian nation”. The concept was first used by Zacharia Kopystenskij in 1624, but its wide occurrence starts in 1674, when Synopsis, the first printed history of Russia, was published in Kiev. In the book, “Slavic-Russian nation” refers to an ancient Slavic people, which preceded the “Russian nation” (“rossiyskiy narod”) of the time in which the book was written. Uniting “Slavs” and “Russians” (“rossy”) into one “Slavic-Russian nation”, the author of Synopsis followed the idea which was proposed but not specifically defined by M. Stryjkovskij in his Chronicle (1582) and, later, by the Kievan intellectuals of the 1620s–30s. The construction of Synopsis was to prove that “Russians” (“rossy”) were united by both the common Slavic origin and the Church Slavonic language used by the Orthodox Slavic peoples. According to Synopsis, they were also supposed to be united by the Muscovite tsar’s authority and the Orthodox religion. The whole conception made Synopsis very popular in Russia in the late 17th century and later. Earlier in the 17th-century literature of the Muscovite State, some authors also proposed ethno-genetic constructions based on Stryjkovskij’s Chronicle and other Renaissance historiography. Independently from the Kievan literature, the word “Slavic-Russian” was invented (first appearance in the Legend about Sloven and Rus, 1630s). Both the Kievan and Muscovite constructions of a mythical “Slavic-Russian nation” aimed at making an “imagined” ethno-cultural nation. They contributed to forming a new Russian imperial identity in the Petrine epoch. However, the concept of a “Slavic-Russian nation” was not in demand in the political discourse of the Petrine Empire. It was sporadically used in the historical works of the 18th century (largely due to the influence of Synopsis), but played no significant role in the proposed interpretations of Russian history.

scholarly journals Community building as an educational task

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Waldemar Segiet
Keyword(s):  
Social Integration ◽  
Common Good ◽  
Community Building ◽  
The Common Good ◽  
Cultural Life ◽  
Socialization Processes ◽  
Educational Task ◽  
Reflexive Modernity ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Creation

Along with the description of contemporary societies, including the indication of clear tendencies towards „individualisation” of lifespan, focusing on subjects that observe themselves with reflection, an issue appears regarding the creation of a community, including the educational one. A peculiar outline of the reflexive modernity is recognised on the basis the ways how individuals achieve social integration. Despite the differentiating forms of social and cultural life, the foundation of the accomplishment of self and the society,is still „community”, which constitutes an encouragement to enter the issue of social (dis)integration, an inspiration allowing to bestow a defined sense on democracy, and socialization processes. Therefore, the need to consider the issues of communities arises, including their confirmation in education. To present a path for social integration, with the full awareness that in modern societies the „common good” ideal is being lost, one should be accompanied by indications regarding education itself. One may reduce them to how the community constituted due to and within education, ensured the integration of all entities concerned, and helped accomplish democracy.

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