scholarly journals TWO SIDES OF THE COIN: A PERSON- AND PROCESS-CENTERED ANALYTICAL APPROACH TO SCHOOL BULLYING PHENOMENON

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-87
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Tłuściak-Deliowska
Keyword(s):  
Research Methods ◽  
Analytical Approach ◽  
School Bullying ◽  
The Past ◽  
Foreign Literature ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
Individual Traits ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Extensive Body ◽  
Two Sides

Over the past four decades of research on school bullying have produced an extensive body of knowledge about the nature of this phenomenon, its determinants and consequences. Bullying has been examined and explained in individual as well as in contextual terms, and from a wide range of different theories and research methods. In the literature, it can be found some attempts to sort out scientific approaches to bullying.In this article, which should be treated as review-style essay, I will present two complementary approaches to analyzing school bullying, namely (1) person-oriented analytical approach which focuses on analyzing of individual traits and characteristics of children involved in school bullying, and (2) processual analytical approach that emphasizes the processes involved. These approaches were distinguished based on the review of Polish and foreign literature on school bullying.

A critique of current trends in the statistical analysis of seed germination and viability data

2012 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 145-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gudeta W. Sileshi
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Error Rates ◽  
Type I ◽  
The Past ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Areas Of Concern ◽  
Shaky Ground

AbstractStatistical analysis is increasingly used in seed germination/viability studies across different disciplines. The objective of this opinion piece is to assess current trends in statistical analysis of such data, and draw attention of readers to the limitations of the usual inferential statistics in controlling error rates. The assessments are based on a survey of 429 papers published in 139 peer-reviewed journals in the past 11 years. My intention is to identify areas of concern across a wide range of studies. Accordingly, the areas of greatest concern found in the analysis of percentage seed germination and viability data were: (1) pseudoreplication and/or use of a few replicates; (2) ignoring assumptions of ANOVA and non-parametric tests (NPARTs); (3) uncritical data transformation; (4) arbitrary choice of multiple comparison tests; and (5) lack of emphasis on effect sizes. Given the prevalence of these problems, in my opinion we would be building a body of knowledge on a shaky ground. The discussions that follow will: (1) describe situations where germination data violate assumptions of ANOVA and NPARTs; (2) highlight the implications of the various problems to Type I and Type II error rates; and (3) indicate remedial measures based on the recent statistical literature.

Improvements in Performance Management Through the Use of 360 Feedback

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael C. Campion ◽  
Emily D. Campion ◽  
Michael A. Campion
Keyword(s):  
Job Performance ◽  
Performance Management ◽  
Employee Development ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
The Past ◽  
360 Feedback ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Immediate Supervisor ◽  
Extensive Body ◽  
Lead Article

The purpose of this commentary is to complement the lead article by Pulakos, Mueller Hanson, Arad, and Moye (2015) by proposing the incorporation of 360 feedback as another means of improving performance management (PM). A 360 feedback refers to the practice of soliciting anonymous ratings and narrative comments on the job performance and other behaviors of the focal employee from a wide range of others who have worked with the employee. These sources include peers, subordinates, other managers, and often customers, as well as the immediate supervisor and self-ratings. There is an extensive body of research literature on 360s. Almost 300 articles and books have accumulated on the topic over the past 30 years (Campion, Campion, & Campion, 2014), resulting in substantial knowledge about the usefulness and effectiveness of 360s. Although the primary purpose of 360s has been employee development, 360s are being increasingly used within PM systems.

scholarly journals [Innovation in Teaching Ways of Readings] al-Tajdid fi Tadris Ilm al-Qira'at

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 102-113
Author(s):  
Muhammad Fathy Muhammed AbdelGhelil ◽  
Rohaizan Baru
Keyword(s):  
Science Teaching ◽  
Traditional Knowledge ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
Teaching Methods ◽  
Analytical Approach ◽  
New Method ◽  
Natural Phenomenon ◽  
Technological Advancement ◽  
The Past ◽  
Descriptive Approach

Renewal or al-Tajdeed is a natural phenomenon related to the attitudes of all people. People are being attracted towards anything new. However, the renewal should be based on knowledge or report to provide a solution to Muslim problems and their contemporary issues. This study was conducted to advocate for renewal in teaching the recitations of the Quran (al-Qiraat) in order to reduce its difficulty and bring it closer to the learners’ memories using new method in step with basic materials in the whole world for extension of traditional knowledge as in the case of different branches of Islamic knowledge. Meanwhile, the scholars have advocated for that in the past and present based on the content and existence of this legislation. The research employed different research methods for the purpose of this study. Inductive approach was used for relevant books on al-tajdeed and development in the process of imparting this knowledge to the students using simple methods. Also historical approach was employed to review al-tajdeed related to al-Qiraat science based on knowledge and facilitation and its development in this era. One of the important things to know is that al-qiraat is a revelation from the Almighty Allah, therefore it is not possible to bring new thing into it, but the advocacy of renewal in it is based on knowledge. Descriptive approach was also used to describe the books in the present study. Moreover, the researcher used analytical approach to analyse the views of scholars on using al-tajdeed in teaching the al-qiraat science. Then methods were developed for teaching this important knowledge. One of the most important findings of the present study is that al-qira’at passed many stages until it has been considered by all. It started to undergo a process from difficult stage to a simpler one. If it remains as it was without being renewed in teaching, it would have now become more difficult. There are some fundamentals which the past and the present scholars agreed upon in the teaching of al-qira’at. They cannot be changed whatever the level of development and technological advancement we reach. These include memorization and studying the Noble Qur’an orally from the Quranic scholars.   Keywords:  Renewal, Qur’anic recitation, teaching qiraat science, teaching methods      التجديد أمر جبلت عليه طبائع الناس قديما وحديثا فهم منجذبون نحو کل جديد، ولكن ينبغي ألا يتجاوز هذا التجديد المعهود عقلا أو نقلا، حيث التوصل إلى حل مشكلات المسلمين وقضاياهم المعاصرة، ومن أجل هذا الجانب كُتِب هذا البحث، حيث يهدف إلى الدعوة للتجديد في تدريس علم القراءات والذي بدوره يهدف إلى تفادي صعوبة هذا العلم وتقريبه إلى أذهان المتعلمين بطرق تعليمية حديثة تتواكب مع الأجهزة السائدة في العالم أجمع لنشر علم تراثي بطرق حديثة، كما هو الحال في العلوم الإسلامية المختلفة، حيث دعا إلى ذلك العلماء قديما وحديثا؛ نظرا لشمولية وخلود هذه الشريعة الغراء. وقد اتبع الباحث في هذا البحث أكثر من منهج علمي لكتابته، فاتبع المنهج الاستقرائي، حيث استقرأ الكتب التي اهتمت بالتجديد والتطوير في طريقة إيصال هذا العلم إلى المتعلمين بطرق أسهل، وكذا اتبع المنهج التاريخي لتتبع التجديدات الواقعة على القراءات دراية والتيسيرات التي مرت بها عبر العصور، ومن المهم معرفته أن القراءات وحي منزل من عند الله سبحانه ، فإنه لا يمكن التجديد فيه رواية بحال، وإنما الدعوة للتجديد فيه دراية، وكذا اتبع المنهج الوصفي لوصف بعض الكتب التي تمر في ثنايا هذا البحث، وكذا اتبع المنهج التحليلي لنقد ما قد يتوهم منه أنه يخدم التجديد في تدريس علم القراءات، ومن ثم بناء قاعدة في تدريس هذا العلم النبيل، ومن أهم النتائج التي توصل إليها الباحث في بحثه هذا، أن القراءات مرت بمراحل عديدة حتى أصبحت في متناول الجميع، فأخذت تتدرج من الأصعب حتى وصولها إلى الأسهل، ولو بقيت على حالها من غير تحديد في التدريس لأصبحت في الوقت الحالي غير مستساغة، وأيضا هناك بعض الأصول التي اتفق عليها اتفق عليه الأولون والآخرون من أهل هذا الفن في تدريس علم القراءات لا يمكن تغييرها مهما تطور العصر واخترع من أجهزة، كالحفظ وتلقي القرآن مشافهة من أفواه المشايخ.

Optical Properties of HVEM Accelerators

1975 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 180-181
Author(s):  
A. Strojnik ◽  
J.W. Scholl ◽  
V. Bevc
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Electron Accelerator ◽  
Systematic Investigation ◽  
Electron Source ◽  
High Brightness ◽  
The Past ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Optical Behavior

The electron accelerator, as inserted between the electron source (injector) and the imaging column of the HVEM, is usually a strong lens and should be optimized in order to ensure high brightness over a wide range of accelerating voltages and illuminating conditions. This is especially true in the case of the STEM where the brightness directly determines the highest resolution attainable. In the past, the optical behavior of accelerators was usually determined for a particular configuration. During the development of the accelerator for the Arizona 1 MEV STEM, systematic investigation was made of the major optical properties for a variety of electrode configurations, number of stages N, accelerating voltages, 1 and 10 MEV, and a range of injection voltages ϕ0 = 1, 3, 10, 30, 100, 300 kV).

School Bullying: Present-Day Evil or Ghost from the Past?

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gloria da Costa ◽  
Madeleine Victor-Zietsman
Keyword(s):  
School Bullying ◽  
The Past

Pursuit of the Abscopal Effect

2020 ◽  
Vol 04 (04) ◽  
pp. 369-372
Author(s):  
Paul B. Romesser ◽  
Christopher H. Crane
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Immunology ◽  
Antitumor Immunity ◽  
Clinical Success ◽  
Immune Recognition ◽  
Immune Modulators ◽  
Cancer Subtypes ◽  
The Past ◽  
Tumor Irradiation ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Tumor Recognition

AbstractEvasion of immune recognition is a hallmark of cancer that facilitates tumorigenesis, maintenance, and progression. Systemic immune activation can incite tumor recognition and stimulate potent antitumor responses. While the concept of antitumor immunity is not new, there is renewed interest in tumor immunology given the clinical success of immune modulators in a wide range of cancer subtypes over the past decade. One particularly interesting, yet exceedingly rare phenomenon, is the abscopal response, characterized by a potent systemic antitumor response following localized tumor irradiation presumably attributed to reactivation of antitumor immunity.

The Many Pasts of Detective Fiction

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-172
Author(s):  
Thomas Leitch
Keyword(s):  
Detective Fiction ◽  
Golden Age ◽  
Public History ◽  
Detective Novel ◽  
Sherlock Holmes ◽  
Detective Story ◽  
The Past ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Detective Novels ◽  
The Many

Building on Tzvetan Todorov's observation that the detective novel ‘contains not one but two stories: the story of the crime and the story of the investigation’, this essay argues that detective novels display a remarkably wide range of attitudes toward the several pasts they represent: the pasts of the crime, the community, the criminal, the detective, and public history. It traces a series of defining shifts in these attitudes through the evolution of five distinct subgenres of detective fiction: exploits of a Great Detective like Sherlock Holmes, Golden Age whodunits that pose as intellectual puzzles to be solved, hardboiled stories that invoke a distant past that the present both breaks with and echoes, police procedurals that unfold in an indefinitely extended present, and historical mysteries that nostalgically fetishize the past. It concludes with a brief consideration of genre readers’ own ambivalent phenomenological investment in the past, present, and future each detective story projects.

Nine Centuries of Man

2017 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Diverse Range ◽  
Gender Expectations ◽  
Court Records ◽  
The Past ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Police Reports ◽  
Late Twentieth ◽  
Scottish History ◽  
Late Twentieth Century

What did it mean to be a man in Scotland over the past nine centuries? Scotland, with its stereotypes of the kilted warrior and the industrial ‘hard man’, has long been characterised in masculine terms, but there has been little historical exploration of masculinity in a wider context. This interdisciplinary collection examines a diverse range of the multiple and changing forms of masculinities from the late eleventh to the late twentieth century, exploring the ways in which Scottish society through the ages defined expectations for men and their behaviour. How men reacted to those expectations is examined through sources such as documentary materials, medieval seals, romances, poetry, begging letters, police reports and court records, charity records, oral histories and personal correspondence. Focusing upon the wide range of activities and roles undertaken by men – work, fatherhood and play, violence and war, sex and commerce – the book also illustrates the range of masculinities that affected or were internalised by men. Together, the chapters illustrate some of the ways Scotland’s gender expectations have changed over the centuries and how, more generally, masculinities have informed the path of Scottish history

Quantitative and Qualitative Methods of Studying the Processes of Socialization of a Modern Teenager

2020 ◽  
pp. 102-109
Author(s):  
Svetlana Alekseevna Raschetina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Research Methods ◽  
Interpersonal Relations ◽  
Internet Communication ◽  
Socialization Process ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Family ◽  
Modern Family ◽  
Making Friends ◽  
Main Support

Relevance and problem statement. Modern unstable society is characterized by narrowing the boundaries of controlled socialization and expanding the boundaries of spontaneous socialization of a teenager based on his immersion in the question arises about the importance of the family in the process of socialization of a teenager in the conditions of expanding the space of socialization. There is a need to study the role of the family in this process, to search, develop and test research methods that allow us to reveal the phenomenon of socialization from the side of its value characteristics. The purpose and methodology of the study: to identify the possibilities of a systematic and anthropological methodology for studying the role of the family in the process of socialization of adolescents in modern conditions, testing research methods: photo research on the topic “Ego – I” (author of the German sociologist H. Abels), profile update reflexive processes (by S. A. Raschetina). Materials and results of the study. The study showed that for all the problems that exist in the family of the perestroika era and in the modern family, it acts for a teenager as a value and the first (main) support in the processes of socialization. The positions well known in psychology about the importance of interpersonal relations in adolescence for the formation of attitudes towards oneself as the basis of socialization are confirmed. Today, the frontiers of making friends have expanded enormously on the basis of Internet communication. The types of activities of interest to a teenager (traditional and new ones related to digitalization) are the third pillar of socialization. Conclusion. The “Ego – I” method of photo research has a wide range of possibilities for quantitative and qualitative analysis of the socialization process to identify the value Pillars of this process.

Free but fragile: Human relations amidst poverty and HIV in democratic South Africa

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-94
Author(s):  
Christina Landman
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Predominantly White ◽  
Black People ◽  
Hiv Treatment ◽  
Human Relations ◽  
White People ◽  
Black And White ◽  
The Past ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Black Township

Dullstroom-Emnotweni is the highest town in South Africa. Cold and misty, it is situated in the eastern Highveld, halfway between the capital Pretoria/Tswane and the Mozambique border. Alongside the main road of the white town, 27 restaurants provide entertainment to tourists on their way to Mozambique or the Kruger National Park. The inhabitants of the black township, Sakhelwe, are remnants of the Southern Ndebele who have lost their land a century ago in wars against the whites. They are mainly dependent on employment as cleaners and waitresses in the still predominantly white town. Three white people from the white town and three black people from the township have been interviewed on their views whether democracy has brought changes to this society during the past 20 years. Answers cover a wide range of views. Gratitude is expressed that women are now safer and HIV treatment available. However, unemployment and poverty persist in a community that nevertheless shows resilience and feeds on hope. While the first part of this article relates the interviews, the final part identifies from them the discourses that keep the black and white communities from forming a group identity that is based on equality and human dignity as the values of democracy.

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