scholarly journals Users’ guide to the surgical literature: how to perform a high-quality literature search

2015 ◽  
Vol 58 (5) ◽  
pp. 349-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Waltho ◽  
Manraj Nirmal Kaur ◽  
Brian Haynes ◽  
Forough Farrokhyar ◽  
Achilleas Thoma
Keyword(s):  
Literature Search ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Quality Literature

Promoting Self-Awareness and Social Awareness in Middle School Students Through Literature Featuring Diverse Characters

2021 ◽  
pp. 112-133
Author(s):  
Roberta Linder
Keyword(s):  
Critical Literacy ◽  
Literacy Practices ◽  
Social Awareness ◽  
Informational Texts ◽  
Self Awareness ◽  
Social Emotional ◽  
School Students ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Reader Response Theory ◽  
Quality Literature

High-quality narrative and informational texts can provide young adolescents with mirrors which reflect their lived experiences and windows into the lives of those with whom they are less familiar. These texts can connect with the social-emotional learning (SEL) competencies of self-awareness and social awareness. Connections between SEL programs and integration with literacy practices are described. Literacy approaches grounded in reader response theory and critical literacy theory provide the basis for reading and understanding diverse texts and support the development of SEL competencies. The chapter presents criteria for selecting high-quality literature, 13 text recommendations for self-awareness and social awareness, and ideas for activities and discussion.

scholarly journals An Overview of Different Interdental Cleaning Aids and Their Effectiveness

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ethan Ng ◽  
Lum Peng Lim
Keyword(s):  
Dental Implants ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Patient Acceptance ◽  
Gingival Inflammation ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Periodontal Status ◽  
Promising Tool ◽  
Gingival Bleeding ◽  
Plaque Control

Optimisation of plaque control is essential for the success of non-surgical and surgical periodontal therapy. This cannot be achieved with brushing alone; hence, there is a need for adjunctive interdental cleaning aids. The aim of this paper is to provide an overview of different interdental cleaning aids and review the literature for consensus on their effectiveness. A literature search of articles in English, up to December 2018, was conducted in Pubmed. High-quality flossing is difficult to achieve, and ineffective routine use of floss may not confer significant benefits over brushing alone. Interdental brushes are more effective than brushing as a monotherapy. They are at least as good if not superior to floss in reducing plaque and gingivitis. Although they are effective for patients regardless of their periodontal status (healthy or active), they are especially indicated in periodontal patients where widened embrasures are common. Added benefits include ease of use, patient acceptance, and recontouring of interdental tissues. Rubberpiks do not demonstrate inferiority to conventional interdental brushes. Wooden interdental aids appear to offer no significant advantage over brushing with respect to plaque removal; they may, however, reduce gingival bleeding. Oral irrigators are a promising tool for reducing gingival inflammation, despite minimal changes to plaque levels. For cleaning around dental implants, oral irrigators and interdental brushes are preferred over floss.

Interventions reducing sedentary behaviour of adults: An update of evidence

2019 ◽  
Vol 79 (3) ◽  
pp. 362-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Casey A Sutherland ◽  
Mary Kynn ◽  
Rachel L Cole ◽  
Marion A Gray
Keyword(s):  
Sedentary Behaviour ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Critical Appraisal ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Education Institution ◽  
Sitting Time ◽  
High Quality ◽  
High Quality Research ◽  
Time Work

Objectives: This review updates evidence of previous reviews on interventions that target reducing sedentary behaviour among 18- to 69-year-old working aged adults. Methods: A literature search of PubMed, Informit, Scopus, EBSCO, Web of Science and ProQuest. Quality was assessed for individual articles using McMaster University Guidelines. Descriptive analysis was used to summarise findings across studies. Results: Fifteen studies were identified with critical appraisal scores ranging from 10 to 14 (of a possible 15), with a mean score of 11.7 indicating overall moderate quality. The majority of interventions were implemented in the workplace. Others were based in the neighbourhood and education institution settings. Just over half of the studies ( n = 9) reported a significant decrease in sedentary behaviour, including in total sedentary behaviour and sitting time, work sitting time and leisure sitting time. Overall sitting time decreases ranged from 8 to 122 minutes per day across all settings. Conclusion: There is some emerging evidence that sedentary behaviour interventions have the potential to reduce sedentary behaviour of working aged adults. However, given the paucity of literature, the effectiveness of such interventions is currently inconclusive. Further high-quality research across different settings is needed using validated standardised measures of sedentary behaviour.

scholarly journals Predictors of Persistent Neuropathic Pain – A Systematic Review

2015 ◽  
Vol 5;18 (5;9) ◽  
pp. 433-457
Author(s):  
Sabine Boogaard
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Neuropathic Pain ◽  
Acute Pain ◽  
Methodological Quality ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Radicular Pain ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Postsurgical Pain

Background: Characterization of the prognostic variables for persistent neuropathic pain (PNP) remains incomplete despite multiple articles addressing this topic. To provide more insight into the recovery and prognosis of neuropathic pain, high-quality data are required that provide information about the predictors that contribute to the development of PNP. Objective: To determine the methodological quality of studies about predictors for PNP and to summarize findings of predictors found in high-quality studies. Study Design: A systematic review. Setting: VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Methods: Studies were identified by searching the electronic databases PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library. Methodological quality of each article was independently assessed by 2 reviewers. Results: Forty-six relevant studies were identified, classified into 4 different neuropathic pain (NP)- syndromes: postherpetic neuralgia (n = 35), radicular pain and sciatica (n = 3), postsurgical pain (n = 6), and other types of NP (n = 2). Seven studies were of high quality. The 3 high-quality studies found for PHN reported male gender, older age, smoking, trauma at the site of lesion, missed antiviral prescriptions, higher acute pain severity, higher rash severity, more neuropathic characteristics, shorter rash duration, and a lower health status as predictors for PNP. For persistence of radicular pain one high-quality study reported negative outcome expectancies, pain-related fear of movement, and passive pain coping as predictors for PNP. Psychological distress, acute pain, breast cancer surgery, higher body mass index, area of secondary hyperalgesia, neuropathic characteristics, hypoesthesia, and hyperesthesia were found to be predictive for postsurgical pain in 3 high-quality studies. Limitations: Some publications may have been missed during literature search. The low-quality of the studies could be the result of an incomplete description of their methods. Conclusions: High-quality studies mainly assessed factors related to disease functions and structures. Due to shortcomings in methodological quality and limited areas of predictor selection, there is a need for high-quality studies focusing on predictor measurement, statistical analysis and the use of a standardized set of predictors. Key words: Neuropathic pain, persistent pain, systematic review, literature search, predictors, quality assessment, ICF-model

scholarly journals The effects of animal personality on the ideal free distribution

2020 ◽  
Vol 287 (1934) ◽  
pp. 20201095
Author(s):  
Eleanor R. DiNuzzo ◽  
Blaine D. Griffen
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Quality ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Ideal Free Distribution ◽  
Animal Personality ◽  
Personality Types ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Free Distribution ◽  
Number Of Individuals ◽  
Ideal Free ◽  
The Ideal

The ideal free distribution (IFD) has been used to predict the distribution of foraging animals in a wide variety of systems. However, its predictions do not always match observed distributions of foraging animals. Instead, we often observe that there are more consumers than predicted in low-quality patches and fewer consumers than predicted in high-quality patches (i.e. undermatching). We examine the possibility that animal personality is one explanation for this undermatching. We first conducted a literature search to determine how commonly studies document the personality distribution of populations. Second, we created a simple individual-based model to conceptually demonstrate why knowing the distribution of personalities is important for studies of populations of foragers in context of the IFD. Third, we present a specific example where we calculate the added time to reach the IFD for a population of mud crabs that has a considerable number of individuals with relatively inactive personalities. We suggest that animal personality, particularly the prevalence of inactive personality types, may inhibit the ability of a population to track changes in habitat quality, therefore leading to undermatching of the IFD. This may weaken the IFD as a predictive model moving forward.

scholarly journals Management of the Neck in Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Oral Cavity and Oropharynx: ASCO Clinical Practice Guideline

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (20) ◽  
pp. 1753-1774 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shlomo A. Koyfman ◽  
Nofisat Ismaila ◽  
Doug Crook ◽  
Anil D'Cruz ◽  
Cristina P. Rodriguez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Neck Dissection ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Expert Panel ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Clinical Scenarios

PURPOSE The aim of the current work is to provide evidence-based recommendations to practicing physicians and others on the management of the neck in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity and oropharynx. METHODS ASCO convened an Expert Panel of medical oncology, surgery, radiation oncology, and advocacy experts to conduct a literature search, which included systematic reviews, meta-analyses, randomized controlled trials, and prospective and retrospective comparative observational studies published from 1990 through 2018. Outcomes of interest included survival, regional disease control, neck recurrence, and quality of life. Expert Panel members used available evidence and informal consensus to develop evidence-based guideline recommendations. RESULTS The literature search identified 124 relevant studies to inform the evidence base for this guideline. Six clinical scenarios were devised; three for oral cavity cancer and three for oropharynx cancer, and recommendations were generated for each one. RECOMMENDATIONS For oral cavity cancers, clinical scenarios focused on the indications for and the hallmarks of a high-quality neck dissection, indications for postoperative radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy, and whether radiotherapy alone is sufficient elective treatment of an undissected neck compared with high-quality neck dissection. For oropharynx cancers, clinical scenarios focused on hallmarks of a high-quality neck dissection, factors that would favor operative versus nonoperative primary management, and clarifying criteria for an incomplete response to definitive chemoradiation for which salvage neck dissection would be recommended. Consensus was reached and recommendations were made for all six clinical scenarios. Additional information is available at www.asco.org/head-neck-cancer-guidelines .

Naphthalene Toxicity in Clinical Practice

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-66
Author(s):  
Ashok Kumar Pannu ◽  
Vidhi Singla
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
G6pd Deficiency ◽  
Brain Dysfunction ◽  
Laboratory Evaluation ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Quality Literature ◽  
Acute Brain Dysfunction ◽  
The Cochrane Library

Background: Naphthalene ingestion and skin or inhalational exposure (accidental or deliberate) is an under-recognized cause of a severe toxidrome in regions where it is commonly used (e.g., mothballs in households). Methods: This review is an update for the clinicians to understand the pharmacology, clinical features, laboratory evaluation, and treatment for naphthalene toxicity. High-quality literature for the past eight decades was collected and reviewed in this article. Several landmark articles were reviewed using PubMed, EMBASE Ovid, and the Cochrane Library, which have essential implications in the current toxicology practice. Results and Conclusion: Naphthalene toxicity usually occurs abruptly and leads to acute hemolysis, methemoglobinemia, renal failure, respiratory depression, and acute brain dysfunction that are difficult to manage. The toxicity is more marked in patients with G6PD deficiency and associated with high morbidity and mortality. The management should mainly focus on high-quality supportive care; however, severe methemoglobinemia (>20-30%) requires specific therapy with intravenous methylene blue. Methylene blue is a highly effective agent but contraindicated in severe G6PD deficiency.

The Importance of High-Quality Literature

2000 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
pp. 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diane Persellin
Keyword(s):  
High Quality ◽  
Quality Literature

scholarly journals Prescribing challenges following bariatric surgery

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (9) ◽  
pp. 440-444
Author(s):  
Colin Waldock ◽  
David Bedford
Keyword(s):  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Gastric Surgery ◽  
Drug Formulations ◽  
High Quality ◽  
The Uk

Obesity is an increasing problem in the UK, with over half of the population being overweight or obese. The use of gastric surgery is increasing, with a 5% increase in 2016/17 compared to 2015/16. However, little is known about ideal drug formulations after bariatric surgery. An exploratory literature search of research databases was carried out to address this. The authors found that there was a dearth of high-quality primary studies available, with many studies using low numbers of participants. The major finding was of the need for increased vigilance and monitoring of patients after surgery.

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