The Culture of Crucifixion and the Resurrection of the Dispossessed: The Interpellation of the Subject in the Roman Empire and Paul’s Gospel as ‘‘Truth Event’’

2021 ◽  
pp. 127-140
Author(s):  
L. L. Welborn
Keyword(s):  
Roman Empire ◽  
The Subject

Grattius and Augustus

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven J. Green
Keyword(s):  
Roman Empire ◽  
Religious Reform ◽  
The Subject

This chapter argues that, although Grattius’ poem is not ostensibly designed for Augustus—who is nowhere evoked in the poem and showed little interest in the subject of hunting—it remains prudent to think about the Cynegetica as a poem about Augustus, or rather, Augustan Rome. Through extensive use of anthropomorphic language, the craft of hunting is subtly configured to promote Augustan-style leadership, in the figures of the master of hounds, the dog breeder, and the tree cultivator, and to celebrate the expanse of the Roman Empire; this is all set, however, within a divine framework that plays out the implications of Augustus’ (at times radical) programme of religious reform.

Conclusion

2021 ◽  
pp. 126-128
Author(s):  
Ersin Hussein
Keyword(s):  
Roman Empire ◽  
Material Culture ◽  
Near East ◽  
Roman Period ◽  
Asia Minor ◽  
Collective Identities ◽  
Roman Provinces ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Cultural Networks ◽  
Written Sources

The Conclusion revisits the questions that lie at the heart of studies of the Roman provinces and that have driven this study. What is the best way to tell the story of a landscape, and its peoples, that have been the subject of successive conquests throughout history and when the few written sources have been composed by outsiders? What approach should be taken to draw out information from a landscape’s material culture to bring the voices and experiences of those who inhabited its space to the fore? Is it ever possible to ensure that certain evidence types and perspectives are not privileged over others to draw balanced conclusions? The main findings of this work are that the Cypriots were not passive participants in the Roman Empire. They were in fact active and dynamic in negotiating their individual and collective identities. The legacies of deep-rooted connections between mainland Greece, Egypt, Asia Minor, and the Near East were maintained into the Roman period and acknowledged by both locals and outsiders. More importantly, the identity of the island was fluid and situational, its people able to distinguish themselves but also demonstrate that the island was part of multiple cultural networks. Cyprus was not a mere imitator of the influences that passed through it, but distinct. The existence of plural and flexible identities is reflective of its status as an island poised between multiple landscapes

The Cities and their Money

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weiss Peter
Keyword(s):  
Roman Empire ◽  
Central Importance ◽  
The West ◽  
Authority Control ◽  
Central Concern ◽  
Differences Of Opinion ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Provincia Asia ◽  
Narrow Space ◽  
Clear Conception

In their Kind Invitation to Contribute to this book the editors assigned me the topic of ‘Authority/control’. The authors of RPC devoted an intensive discussion to the subject, with many facets and displaying an extraordinary knowledge of the material. This is in many respects a difficult field, and it is obvious how wide and heterogeneous is the material, how different the presuppositions were in the various parts of the Roman empire, and with what a broad timespan one has to deal: some three centuries, in which there were many developments and several changes. Despite its gigantic bulk, the coinage affords far fewer unambiguous indications permitting a clear conception of how minting came about and was controlled than one would wish. Epigraphy, which in other cases provides an enormous fund of information, here by contrast leaves us almost entirely in the lurch. It follows that many differences of opinion exist, and in many matters, even on points of central importance, our vision is still clouded. The topic is too complex to permit a thorough discussion of all the questions before us in this narrow space. For that reason I have undertaken a limited evaluation. In what follows, I am concerned only with coins pertaining to the cities. Attention is therefore not paid, for example, to the cistophori in Asia, the coins of Alexandria in Egypt, or of Caesarea in Cappadocia, or to the provincial coinage of Syria. I shall first consider the question of Roman control, but only in the form of some basic observations and reflections. Much must here remain unresolved. My central concern will therefore be the following set of questions: How did the cities organize their monetary production? How were responsibilities apportioned, and who was directly involved? What range of possibilities was there? How in this context are we to interpret the numerous names and functional titles on the coins of many Roman cities, especially in the west, down to Julio-Claudian times, and above all, in continuity with Hellenistic practice, on very many coins from the Greek poleis in Provincia Asia?

ARCHAEOLOGY AND THE ‘ARIAN CONTROVERSY’ IN THE FOURTH CENTURY

2010 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 229-263
Author(s):  
David M. Gwynn
Keyword(s):  
Roman Empire ◽  
Fourth Century ◽  
Christian Church ◽  
Literary Sources ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Material Evidence ◽  
The Church ◽  
Archaeological Approach ◽  
Arian Controversy

The so-called ‘Arian Controversy’ that divided the Christian Church in the 4th c. has been the subject of considerable scholarly debate in recent decades. The literary sources from which the majority of our knowledge of the controversy derives are highly polemical and distorted, written almost exclusively from the perspective of those whose positions would come to be accepted as ‘orthodox’, and this in turn has directly influenced scholarly interpretations of the material evidence from this crucial period in the history of the Church. In this paper I wish to reconsider that material evidence and ask how an archaeological approach independent of the biases of our literary sources might broaden our understanding of the controversy and its impact upon the 4th c. Roman empire.

scholarly journals Roman London

1911 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 141-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Haverfield
Keyword(s):  
Roman Empire ◽  
Public Interest ◽  
General Public ◽  
Classical System ◽  
Roman Archaeology ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject

Roman London illustrates in more than one way the worst features of English archaeological study. There has been no want of interest in the subject. In England, indeed, Roman archaeology has throughout received a fuller share of general public interest than in any other country. Thanks to our classical system, nearly everyone has read a little Caesar and, it may be, some Tacitus, and though he has forgotten nine-tenths of it, he generally deems himself fitted to enquire into the history of the Roman empire. People who in every other country would give no heed to archaeology at all are in England extremely interested, and it has always been thought right and proper that they should be interested. Unfortunately, it has also been thought needless to do more than to be interested.

scholarly journals Mnisi jako „żołnierze” Chrystusa w nauczaniu Jana Chryzostoma. Analiza 69. i 70. homilii z cyklu "Homilie na Ewangelię według św. Mateusza"

Vox Patrum ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 63 ◽  
pp. 375-388
Author(s):  
Piotr Szczur
Keyword(s):  
Roman Empire ◽  
Spiritual Warfare ◽  
Final Part ◽  
Military Camp ◽  
John Chrysostom ◽  
The Subject

This article considers the subject of spiritual warfare led by monks as the “sol­diers” of Christ. Author of the article analyzed two John Chrysostom’ homilies (69 and 70) from the series Homily on the Gospel according to St. Matthew. First, he emphasizes the important role of the monasticism in the life and thought of John Chrysostom already from the beginning of his literary activity. Then, on the basis of sources, he shows the monks as a “spiritual army” of Christ, who are stay­ing at the hermitage instead of at a military camp, and instead of arms have ascetic practices. This spiritual army of Christ refers more splendid victory than the crack troops of the Roman Empire army, because the battle with the demons is far more difficult than fighting with people. In the final part of the article pointed out the profile of pastoral teaching of John Chrysostom, who encouraged all Christians to take spiritual warfare as the monks.

scholarly journals “Hybrid Threats” to Russia’s Security: Identification and Counteraction

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 44-71
Author(s):  
S. I. Kodaneva
Keyword(s):  
Roman Empire ◽  
National Security ◽  
Soft Power ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Mutual Influence ◽  
Grey Zone ◽  
Hybrid Warfare ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Hybrid Threats ◽  
Hybrid War

In the scientific literature, it is customary to consider and analyze war exclusively as a violent (conventional) confrontation of subjects of international politics. However, this does not take into account that modern wars are increasingly unfolding in the “grey zone”, that is, outside the framework of international law, they are conducted both in physical and in other dimensions – informational, cybernetic, cultural, cognitive – and mainly by non-military means and with the involvement of irregular formations (rebels, terrorists, etc.). As a result, today’s interstate confrontation is becoming more complex and hybrid, presenting new mechanisms for non-nuclear deterrence.It is important to understand that the inability to recognize the enemy’s ongoing war in time, to determine the direction of the strike destroyed many states, starting with the Roman Empire and ending with the USSR. This determines the relevance and timeliness of this study, which is aimed at analyzing the content of the phenomenon of hybrid war, determining the main methods of its conduct used today and proposing counteraction measures.It should be recognized that in the modern scientific literature there is no single approach to understanding what a hybrid war is, which is quite understandable precisely because of its essence – the variability and complexity of ways of it conducting, as well as flexibility and adaptability to specific circumstances. There are quite a lot of disparate studies on individual components of hybrid war, such as “soft power”, information, economic and cyberwar, “color revolutions”, etc.The subject of this research is the phenomenon of hybrid warfare, its content and specific ways of conducting hybrid warfare. The purpose of this work is to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the subject of research, as well as to structure the manifestation that form the phenomenon of hybrid war in its complex, determine their correlation and mutual influence of various methods of conducting hybrid war, as well as to develop specific proposals for countering threats to Russia’s national security.The importance of developing comprehensive strategic approaches aimed primarily at identifying vulnerabilities, as well as including spiritual security as the basis of the entire security system and countering hybrid threats is emphasized.Taking into account the specified subject and purpose, the introduction reveals the relevance of the study of the phenomenon of hybrid war and the danger that this type of interstate confrontation poses for Russia. Then we analyze the concept of hybrid war and its content, as well as the four main ways of conducting it. The results of the analysis are followed by conclusions and proposals on countering threats to Russia’s national security.

scholarly journals Food security policy in the Middle Ages: historical-philosophical aspect

2021 ◽  
pp. 35-42
Author(s):  
Aleksandr Vadimovich Malov
Keyword(s):  
Roman Empire ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Security Policy ◽  
Philosophical Aspect ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Government ◽  
The City ◽  
Essential Food ◽  
The Middle Ages

This article examines the Western and Eastern parts of the Roman Empire during the Middle Ages for finding the evidence of implementation of food security policy therein. The object of this work is the cultural peculiarities and socioeconomic relations in the society, which determine and promote the process of implementation of food security policy. The subject of this work is the theoretical, practical and normative sources on ensuring food stability of the state, normative acts of the government institutions reinforced by the results of archaeological explorations. The author is one of the first within the Russian and foreign literature to demonstrate the facts that testify to the implementation of food security policy in the Middle Ages. Based on the historical example of France under the Capetian dynasty, it is demonstrated that the maintenance of food sustainability in the “mansion state” was implemented by the following means: restrictions on the goods for export, collection of special transit fees, establishment of the customs institutions. The success of the Byzantine food security policy was guaranteed by creating the large grain depots during the reign of Julian the Apostate; establishing the institutions that were accountable to the authorities and controlled the consistent procurement of essential food products; the order of Anastasios II on expulsion from the city of anyone who did not provide themselves with a yearly supply of food; consolidating trade regulations and distribution restriction in the in the “Book of the Prefect”.

Introduction

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Parker Robert
Keyword(s):  
Roman Empire ◽  
Roman Period ◽  
Historical Source ◽  
Historical Changes ◽  
The Subject

This essay indicates the interest of the subject, and the themes that run through the volume: the predominant place of Anatolia within the evidence for Greek naming in the Roman period; the great virtues of Louis Robert’s Noms indigènes dans l’Asie Mineure gréco-romaine, and its limitations; the huge potential of names as a historical source in a multi-ethnic environment, and the complications created by interaction between different naming traditions; the psychology of naming, as revealed by the exceptionally rich Anatolian material; historical changes within specific regions and, during the Roman empire, throughout Anatolia, but also certain continuities from the now observable naming patterns of the second millennium; the need for an approach which rigorously respects regional and chronological differences and is also sociologically alert.

The ‘long’ late antiquity: a late twentieth-century model

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Averil Cameron
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Roman Empire ◽  
Future Study ◽  
Late Antiquity ◽  
Strong Influence ◽  
Current Understanding ◽  
Century Model ◽  
Late Twentieth ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Late Twentieth Century

The last generation has seen an ‘explosion’ in the study of late antiquity. Whether people call it ‘the later Roman empire’ or ‘late antiquity’, the term now in much more common use in English. Handbooks are rapidly appearing to help their teachers meet this demand and they too express the current understanding of what is to be included. This chapter argues that a particular model for the study of this period has come to have a strong influence on students and scholars alike, and it asks how and why this is so, and what implications there are for the future study of the subject. Andrea Giardina has called this a particularly Anglo-centric phenomenon.

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