2. Migration history and basic demographic characteristics of the first generation

2015 ◽  
pp. 17-28
Keyword(s):  
First Generation ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Migration History

Backgrounds and behaviors: Which students successfully identify online resources in the face of container collapse

First Monday ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Cyr ◽  
Tara Tobin Cataldo ◽  
Brittany Brannon ◽  
Amy Buhler ◽  
Ixchel Faniel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Graduate School ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Contextual Information ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Information Resources ◽  
Online Resources ◽  
Digital Environment ◽  
Visual Appearance ◽  
Demographic Traits ◽  
The Face

In a digital environment, students have difficulty determining whether an information resource comes from a book, magazine, journal, blog, or other container, and lose the contextual information that these containers provide. This study of students from primary through graduate school looks at their ability to identify the containers of information resources, and how this ability is affected by their demographic traits, the resource features they attended to, and their behaviors during a task-based simulation. The results indicate that correct container identification requires deep engagement with a resource. Those who attended to cues such as genre and source were better able to identify container, while those who paid attention to heuristics such as its visual appearance and URL were not. Demographic characteristics, including educational cohort and first-generation student status, also had an effect.

Arab Americans: Migration, Socioeconomic and Demographic Characteristics

1986 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 629-649 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elias T. Nigem
Keyword(s):  
The United States ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
National Average ◽  
Arab Americans ◽  
Socioeconomic Characteristics ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Migration History ◽  
The Status ◽  
Recent Group ◽  
The U.S

This article examines the status of Arab Americans in the United States in light of their migration history and selected demographic and socioeconomic characteristics. Using the “Ancestry question” to define this group, and data from the U.S. Bureau of the Census and other secondary sources, the findings indicate that Arab Americans, although a recent group, share similar migratory forces with other emigrant groups. However, they are above the national average in terms of socioeconomic status. Also, there appears to be a difference with respect to socioeconomic and demographic characteristics between those of single- and multiple-ancestry groups.

Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Migrant Populations: Should we look Even Further Back?

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gionata Fiorino ◽  
Maria Manuela Estevinho ◽  
Diogo José M. Lopes ◽  
Filippo Chersi ◽  
Mariangela Allocca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Migrant Populations ◽  
Migration History ◽  
Age At Migration ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
First Generation Migrants ◽  
First And Second Generation ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

Background: The incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) continues to rise worldwide. Despite the advances on pharmacotherapy, the etiopathogenesis of Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) remains underexplained. The migratory waves are a challenging setting to analyze the evolution of IBD prevalence and to infer its triggering factors. Objective: Our study aimed to overview the literature regarding IBD prevalence and phenotype in first- and second-generation migrants Also, we aimed to summarize the migration history and to draw a possible correlation with IBD distribution. Methods: A non-systematic review was performed following electronic (PubMed and Web of Science) and manual searches on relevant topics. Results: Overall, first-generation migrants tend to maintain the IBD risk of the native country. On the following generation, the risk tends to converge to that of the destination country. Earlier age at migration modulates IBD risk, suggesting that the degree of exposure to environmental and socio-economic factors can be decisive for disease progression. In general, CD needs more time to reach a disease burden similar to that of the host country, indicating that UC may be more affected by nongenetic factors and genetic-nongenetic interactions. Conclusion: IBD phenotypes and natural history vary in migrants and according to ethnicity; however, the trends are not consensual among cohorts. Further studies are warranted to analyze the effect of genetic background and environmental risk factors in different ethnic groups, providing evidence to move towards the identification of at-risk individuals, prevention and earlier diagnosis of IBD.

scholarly journals The Influence of a Migration Background on Attitudes Towards Immigration

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 279-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlotte Clara Becker
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Public Discourse ◽  
First Generation ◽  
General Social Survey ◽  
Migration Background ◽  
Data Set ◽  
First Generation Immigrants ◽  
Pooled Data ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
Migration History

Migration is an ever-increasing phenomenon that is unfailingly the topic of public discourse. Recently, empirical interest has expanded to include the study of attitudes towards immigration. However, the focus usually lies on the opinion of natives, that is, persons without a migration background. This is unfortunate, because in many countries the proportion of people with a migration background is quite high, and many of them hold the citizenship of the receiving country. I expect individuals with a migration background to have more favourable attitudes towards immigration than the general population because they can identify more strongly with other immigrants due to their own migration history. Furthermore, I expect this difference to decrease with each subsequent migrant generation, with earlier generations holding more positive attitudes than later generations. For the analyses, I pooled data from the 2008–2016 rounds of the American General Social Survey. The subsample used included 7,362 respondents, 2,811 of whom had a migration background. Moreover, the data set allowed the differentiation of three generations of migrants. The results support the theoretical expectations. Persons with a migration background had more favourable attitudes towards immigration compared to those without a migration background. However, a closer look revealed that this is the case only for first-generation immigrants. The attitudes of second- and third-generation immigrants differed from each other on the 5% level, but the attitudes of neither group differed from that of the general population when the migrants’ regional origins were controlled for.

scholarly journals Στρατηγικές επιπολιτισμού Αλβανών και Ινδών μεταναστών στην Κρήτη

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 59
Author(s):  
Ευαγγελία Κατέρη ◽  
Ευάγγελος Καραδήμας
Keyword(s):  
First Generation ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Acculturation Strategies ◽  
Intercultural Contact ◽  
Self Image ◽  
Indian Immigrants ◽  
Acculturation Model ◽  
Acculturation Attitudes

The aim of this study was to explore the factors related to the acculturation strategies of first generation Albanian and Indian immigrants in Greece. On the basis of Berry’s acculturation model (1997), immigrants’ demographic characteristics, factors related to intercultural contact (ethnic identity and perceived discrimination) and self-esteem were examined, regarding the acculturation strategies of integration, assimilation, separation, and marginalization. The findings indicated that immigrant’s ethnicity differentiated all four acculturation attitudes, with the Indians falling mostly into separation and Albanian participants into integration. The factors of intercultural contact, inconjunction with demographic factors, predicted integration, assimilation, and separation. On the contrary, in the case of marginalization, immigrants’ demographic characteristics and self-esteem were significant, indicating a negative relationship between marginalization and self-esteem. Furthermore, perceived discriminationwas related positively to separation and negatively to integration. These results are discussed on the basis of Berry’s acculturation model and the rejection-identification model, suggesting that possibly immigrantswith pronounced cultural differences from Greeks experience discrimination and identify more with their in-group, thus choosing separation as a way to protect their self-image.

scholarly journals Migration history and risk of psychosis: results from the multinational EU-GEI study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Ilaria Tarricone ◽  
Giuseppe D'Andrea ◽  
Hannah E. Jongsma ◽  
Sarah Tosato ◽  
Charlotte Gayer-Anderson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
First Generation ◽  
Cumulative Effect ◽  
Social Disadvantage ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Migration History ◽  
Gene Environment ◽  
Health Initiatives ◽  
First Generation Migrants ◽  
Dose Response Effect

Abstract Background Psychosis rates are higher among some migrant groups. We hypothesized that psychosis in migrants is associated with cumulative social disadvantage during different phases of migration. Methods We used data from the EUropean Network of National Schizophrenia Networks studying Gene-Environment Interactions (EU-GEI) case–control study. We defined a set of three indicators of social disadvantage for each phase: pre-migration, migration and post-migration. We examined whether social disadvantage in the pre- and post-migration phases, migration adversities, and mismatch between achievements and expectations differed between first-generation migrants with first-episode psychosis and healthy first-generation migrants, and tested whether this accounted for differences in odds of psychosis in multivariable logistic regression models. Results In total, 249 cases and 219 controls were assessed. Pre-migration (OR 1.61, 95% CI 1.06–2.44, p = 0.027) and post-migration social disadvantages (OR 1.89, 95% CI 1.02–3.51, p = 0.044), along with expectations/achievements mismatch (OR 1.14, 95% CI 1.03–1.26, p = 0.014) were all significantly associated with psychosis. Migration adversities (OR 1.18, 95% CI 0.672–2.06, p = 0.568) were not significantly related to the outcome. Finally, we found a dose–response effect between the number of adversities across all phases and odds of psychosis (⩾6: OR 14.09, 95% CI 2.06–96.47, p = 0.007). Conclusions The cumulative effect of social disadvantages before, during and after migration was associated with increased odds of psychosis in migrants, independently of ethnicity or length of stay in the country of arrival. Public health initiatives that address the social disadvantages that many migrants face during the whole migration process and post-migration psychological support may reduce the excess of psychosis in migrants.

scholarly journals Socio-demographic and clinical characteristics of migrants to Ireland presenting with a first episode of psychosis

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
B. O’Donoghue ◽  
S. Sexton ◽  
J. P. Lyne ◽  
E. Roche ◽  
N. Mifsud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Catchment Area ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Migrant Group ◽  
Republic Of Ireland ◽  
The Republic ◽  
First Generation Migrants

Objectives: When presenting with a first episode of psychosis (FEP), migrants can have different demographic and clinical characteristics to the native-born population and this was examined in an Irish Early Intervention for Psychosis service. Methods: All cases of treated FEP from three local mental health services within a defined catchment area were included. Psychotic disorder diagnoses were determined using the SCID and symptom and functioning domains were measured using validated and reliable measures. Results: From a cohort of 612 people, 21.1% were first-generation migrants and there was no difference in the demographic characteristics, diagnoses, symptoms or functioning between migrants and those born in the Republic of Ireland, except that migrants from Africa presented with less insight. Of those admitted, 48.6% of admissions for migrants were involuntary compared to 37.7% for the native-born population (p = 0.09). Conclusions: First-generation migrants now make up a significant proportion of people presenting with a FEP to an Irish EI for psychosis service. Broadly the demographic and clinical characteristics of migrants and those born in the Republic of Ireland are similar, except for less insight in migrants from Africa and a trend for a higher proportion of involuntary admissions in the total migrant group.

scholarly journals A multidimensional examination of the acculturation and psychological functioning of a sample of immigrant Chinese mothers in the US

2012 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 430-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madiha Tahseen ◽  
Charissa S. L. Cheah
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Psychological Functioning ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Cultural Orientations ◽  
The Us ◽  
Chinese Mothers ◽  
Cluster Analysis Method ◽  
Unites States

The present research used the cluster analysis method to examine the acculturation of immigrant Chinese mothers (ICMs), and the demographic characteristics and psychological functioning associated with each acculturation style. The sample was comprised of 83 first-generation ICMs of preschool children residing in Maryland, Unites States (US). Cluster analysis revealed four acculturation styles: psychologically-behaviorally integrated; psychologically-behaviorally assimilated; psychologically-behaviorally undifferentiated; and psychologically-behaviorally separated. Assimilated mothers were the youngest at immigration and had resided in the US for the longest time. Separated mothers were older at immigration, resided in the US for a shorter time, were less educated, and had lower psychological functioning than mothers in the other clusters. However, there were no differences in demographic characteristics and psychological functioning between psychologically-behaviorally integrated and psychologically-behaviorally undifferentiated clusters. The importance of simultaneously assessing various cultural orientations and components of acculturation was highlighted.

scholarly journals Transmission of corona virus disease 2019 during the incubation period may lead to a quarantine loophole

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Xia ◽  
Jiaqiang Liao ◽  
Chunhui Li ◽  
Yuanyuan Li ◽  
Xi Qian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Incubation Period ◽  
Symptom Onset ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Corona Virus ◽  
Serial Interval ◽  
History Of ◽  
Exposure History ◽  
Close Contacts

AbstractBackgroundThe ongoing outbreak of novel corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Wuhan, China, is arousing international concern. This study evaluated whether and when the infected but asymptomatic cases during the incubation period could infect others.MethodsWe collected data on demographic characteristics, exposure history, and symptom onset day of the confirmed cases, which had been announced by the Chinese local authorities. We evaluated the potential of transmission during the incubation period in 50 infection clusters, including 124 cases. All the secondary cases had a history of contact with their first-generation cases prior to symptom onset.ResultsThe estimated mean incubation period for COVID-19 was 4.9 days (95% confidence interval [CI], 4.4 to 5.4) days, ranging from 0.8 to 11.1 days (2.5th to 97.5th percentile). The observed mean and standard deviation (SD) of serial interval was 4.1±3.3 days, with the 2.5th and 97.5th percentiles at −1 and 13 days. The infectious curve showed that in 73.0% of the secondary cases, their date of getting infected was before symptom onset of the first-generation cases, particularly in the last three days of the incubation period.ConclusionsThe results indicated the transmission of COVID-9 occurs among close contacts during the incubation period, which may lead to a quarantine loophole. Strong and effective countermeasures should be implemented to prevent or mitigate asymptomatic transmission during the incubation period in populations at high risk.

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