scholarly journals Is atomoxetine effective in some comorbid mental disorders in ADHD?

2016 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-32
Author(s):  
D. Cesneková ◽  
E. Šnircová ◽  
G. Nosáľová ◽  
I. Ondrejka
Keyword(s):  
Acute Phase ◽  
Psychiatric Comorbidity ◽  
Paediatric Population ◽  
Antidepressant Effect ◽  
Residual Symptoms ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Noradrenaline Reuptake ◽  
Treatment Of Depression ◽  
High Level ◽  
Comorbid Mental Disorders

Abstract Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is connected with high level of psychiatric comorbidity in paediatric population. Depressive disorder is common comorbid disorder co-existing with ADHD. Atomoxetine is worldwide approved for treatment of ADHD in paediatric population; in addition atomoxetine is effective and safe in treatment of some comorbid disorders in ADHD. Pharmacotherapy of depression is limited and residual symptoms are common. Fluoxetine is currently considered to be the gold standard of treatment of depression, but effectiveness of acute phase of treatment is not sufficient. Atomoxetine as a selective noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor or olanzapine as a multi receptors antagonist drug in combination with fluoxetine could be perspective augmented treatment strategy of depression just for their antidepressant effect. The aim of our following study is to evaluate and compare effectiveness and safety of monotherapy and combined/augmented therapy in acute phase of depression treatment in adolescence, as well as introduce complex modern research methodology of effectiveness and safety of treatment.

Opinion paper: poor response to treatment of depression in people in high occupational levels

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Mandelli ◽  
Alessandro Serretti ◽  
Stefano Porcelli ◽  
Daniel Souery ◽  
Julien Mendlewicz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Compliance ◽  
Poor Response ◽  
Recovery Process ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Residual Symptoms ◽  
Treatment Of Depression ◽  
High Cognitive Function ◽  
High Level

AbstractThe working environment may have a significant effect on response to treatment of depression and this issue has not yet been sufficiently addressed in the scientific literature. There is evidence showing that being engaged in high-level positions can be an obstacle to the success of treatment. This article discusses the few evidence in the literature and some of the possible mechanisms involved. Specific personality attributes and difficulties in adapting to depression may delay access to care and may also reduce treatment compliance. The presence of stress in jobs that require high cognitive function and lack of social support may be elements that hinder the recovery process. Residual symptoms that impact on cognitive functions may undermine adherence to treatment and adversely affect the response. The implications of these issues are potentially relevant for clinical practice in the treatment of depression and for future research.

scholarly journals Pharmacotherapy of adolescent depression - fluoxetine monotherapy or combined treatment?

2017 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
D. Cesneková ◽  
I. Ondrejka ◽  
M. Oppa ◽  
I. Tonhajzerová ◽  
G. Nosáľová
Keyword(s):  
Acute Phase ◽  
Adolescent Depression ◽  
Therapeutic Strategy ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Paediatric Population ◽  
Therapeutic Strategies ◽  
Depression Treatment ◽  
Suicidal Risk ◽  
Treatment Of Depression ◽  
Fluoxetine Therapy

AbstractDepressive disorder is one of the most common and serious psychiatric diagnosis in paediatric population, often connected with suicidal risk. In recent years, fluoxetine monotherapy is the gold standard in acute phase of depression treatment in children and adolescents, but is not effective enough after an acute phase of treatment. More helpful researches concerning more effective therapeutic strategies of depression in this age are insufficient. The aim of our study is to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of fluoxetine monotherapy in comparison with combined olanzapine/fluoxetine therapy in acute 6-week treatment of depression in adolescence. We found that combined therapeutic strategy, using olanzapine augmentation is predicted to be more useful in the treatment of adolescent depression.

Ketamine Treatment in Depression: A Systematic Review of Clinical Characteristics Predicting Symptom Improvement

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (15) ◽  
pp. 1398-1414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darby J.E. Lowe ◽  
Daniel J. Müller ◽  
Tony P. George
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Features ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Bipolar Depression ◽  
Antidepressant Effect ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Symptom Improvement ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Treatment Of Depression ◽  
Future Direction

Ketamine has been shown to be efficacious for the treatment of depression, specifically among individuals who do not respond to first-line treatments. There is still, however, a lack of clarity surrounding the clinical features and response periods across samples that respond to ketamine. This paper systematically reviews published randomized controlled trials that investigate ketamine as an antidepressant intervention in both unipolar and bipolar depression to determine the specific clinical features of the samples across different efficacy periods. Moreover, similarities and differences in clinical characteristics associated with acute versus longer-term drug response are discussed. Similarities across all samples suggest that the population that responds to ketamine’s antidepressant effect has experienced chronic, long-term depression, approaching ketamine treatment as a “last resort”. Moreover, differences between these groups suggest future research to investigate the potential of stronger efficacy towards depression in the context of bipolar disorder compared to major depression, and in participants who undergo antidepressant washout before ketamine administration. From these findings, suggestions for the future direction of ketamine research for depression are formed.

scholarly journals Investigating regions of shared genetic variation in attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder and major depressive disorder: a GWAS meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria Powell ◽  
Joanna Martin ◽  
Anita Thapar ◽  
Frances Rice ◽  
Richard J. L. Anney
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Genetic Correlation ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
High Level ◽  
Genomic Regions

AbstractAttention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) demonstrates a high level of comorbidity with major depressive disorder (MDD). One possible contributor to this is that the two disorders show high genetic correlation. However, the specific regions of the genome that may be responsible for this overlap are unclear. To identify variants associated with both ADHD and MDD, we performed a meta-analysis of GWAS of ADHD and MDD. All genome wide significant (p < 5 × 10–8) SNPs in the meta-analysis that were also strongly associated (p < 5 × 10–4) independently with each disorder were followed up. These putatively pleiotropic SNPs were tested for additional associations across a broad range of phenotypes. Fourteen linkage disequilibrium-independent SNPs were associated with each disorder separately (p < 5 × 10–4) and in the cross-disorder meta-analysis (p < 5 × 10–8). Nine of these SNPs had not been highlighted previously in either individual GWAS. Evidence supported nine of the fourteen SNPs acting as eQTL and two as brain eQTL. Index SNPs and their genomic regions demonstrated associations with other mental health phenotypes. Through conducting meta-analysis on ADHD and MDD only, our results build upon the previously observed genetic correlation between ADHD and MDD and reveal novel genomic regions that may be implicated in this overlap.

Neuroprotective and Antioxidant Effects of Riparin I in a Model of Depression Induced by Corticosterone in Female Mice

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Iris Cristina Maia Oliveira ◽  
Auriana Serra Vasconcelos Mallmann ◽  
Francisco Adelvane de Paula Rodrigues ◽  
Laura Maria Teodorio Vidal ◽  
Iardja Stéfane Lopes Sales ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Drugs ◽  
Antidepressant Effect ◽  
Therapeutic Drug ◽  
Female Mice ◽  
Potential Source ◽  
Treatment Of Depression ◽  
Animal Model Of Depression ◽  
Strong Candidate ◽  
Antioxidant Mechanisms ◽  
Antioxidant Effects

<b><i>Background:</i></b> Depression is a common, chronic, and often recurrent serious mood disorder. Conventional antidepressants present limitations that stimulate the search for new drugs. Antioxidant and neuroprotective substances are potential antidepressant agents. In this context, riparin I (RIP I) has presented promising results, emerging as a potential source of a new therapeutic drug. In this study, the antidepressant effect of RIP I was evaluated in an animal model of depression induced by corticosterone (CORT). The involvement of neuroprotective and antioxidant mechanisms in the generation of this effect was also assessed. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Female mice were submitted to CORT for 21 days and treated with RIP I in the last 7 days. Behavioral and neurochemical analyses were performed. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The administration of RIP I reversed the depressive and psychotic-like behavior, as well as the cognitive impairment caused by CORT, in addition to regulating oxidative stress parameters and BDNF levels in depression-related brain areas. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> These findings suggest that RIP I can be a strong candidate for drugs in the treatment of depression.

scholarly journals Clinical and social factors associated with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder medication use: population-based longitudinal study

2014 ◽  
Vol 205 (4) ◽  
pp. 291-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cédric Galéra ◽  
Jean-Baptiste Pingault ◽  
Grégory Michel ◽  
Manuel-Pierre Bouvard ◽  
Maria Melchior ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Psychiatric Comorbidity ◽  
Medication Use ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Social Characteristics ◽  
Adhd Medication ◽  
Social Variables ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
The Impact

BackgroundThe impact of longitudinal psychiatric comorbidity, parenting and social characteristics on attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) medication use is still poorly understood.AimsTo assess the baseline and longitudinal influences of behavioural and environmental factors on ADHD medication use.MethodSurvival regressions with time-dependent covariates were used to model data from a population-based longitudinal birth cohort. The sample (n = 1920) was assessed from age 5 months to 10 years. Measures of children's psychiatric symptoms, parenting practices and social characteristics available at baseline and during follow-up were used to identify individual and family-level features associated with subsequent use of ADHD medication.ResultsUse of ADHD medication ranged from 0.2 to 8.6% between ages 3.5 to 10 years. Hyperactivity–inattention was the strongest predictor of medication use (hazard ratio (HR) = 2.75, 95% CI 2.35–3.22). Among all social variables examined, low maternal education increased the likelihood of medication use (HR = 2.09, 95% CI 1.38–3.18) whereas immigrant status lowered this likelihood (HR = 0.40, 95% CI 0.17–0.92).ConclusionsBeyond ADHD symptoms, the likelihood of receiving ADHD medication is predicted by social variables and not by psychiatric comorbidity or by parenting. This emphasises the need to improve global interventions by offering the same therapeutic opportunities (including medication) as those received by the rest of the population to some subgroups (i.e. immigrants) and by diminishing possible unnecessary prescriptions.

Neuroplasticity: A Key Player in the Antidepressant Action of Chinese Herbal Medicine

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Baomei Xia ◽  
Chang Chen ◽  
Weiwei Tao
Keyword(s):  
Herbal Medicine ◽  
Chinese Herbal Medicine ◽  
Antidepressant Effect ◽  
Glutamatergic System ◽  
Monoamine Neurotransmitters ◽  
Chinese Herbal ◽  
Treatment Of Depression ◽  
Neural Apoptosis ◽  
Treatment Theory ◽  
Antidepressant Action

Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is a systematic medicine. It provides alternative strategies for the treatment of depression with its clinical experience, comprehensive diagnosis, and treatment theory. Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) is the major form of TCM prescription, and numerous CHMs have been demonstrated to possess remarkable antidepressant-like properties. A diversity of mechanisms have been implicated in CHM-associated antidepressant property. This paper reviewed the neuroplastic mechanisms underlying the antidepressant actions of CHM, finding that CHM repairs neuroplasticity by improving neurogenesis, neurotrophic factors, synaptic spine morphology, cell signaling, glutamatergic system, monoamine neurotransmitters, and neural apoptosis. CHM thereby exerts an antidepressant effect, attempting to offer a better understanding of the mechanisms implicated in TCM-related antidepressant-like efficacy and laying a foundation for the scientific evaluation and development of TCM in treating depression.

scholarly journals High Level of Residual Symptoms in Young Patients After Total Knee Arthroplasty

2013 ◽  
Vol 472 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javad Parvizi ◽  
Ryan M. Nunley ◽  
Keith R. Berend ◽  
Adolph V. Lombardi ◽  
Erin L. Ruh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Knee Arthroplasty ◽  
Knee Arthroplasty ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Residual Symptoms ◽  
Total Knee ◽  
High Level

scholarly journals Ketamine—New Possibilities in the Treatment of Depression: A Narrative Review

Life ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1186
Author(s):  
Mateusz Kowalczyk ◽  
Edward Kowalczyk ◽  
Paweł Kwiatkowski ◽  
Łukasz Łopusiewicz ◽  
Monika Sienkiewicz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antidepressant Effect ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Psychoactive Substances ◽  
Worldwide Population ◽  
Treatment Of Depression ◽  
Resistant Depression ◽  
Depressive Episodes ◽  
Rapid Treatment

The SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus epidemic has led to an increase in the number of people with depression. Symptoms related to the mental sphere (mainly depression and anxiety) may be experienced by one third of the worldwide population. This entails the need for the effective and rapid treatment of depressive episodes. An effective drug seems to be s-ketamine, which was accepted in March 2019 by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of drug-resistant depression. This drug provides a quick antidepressant effect with maximum effectiveness achieved after 24 h. It also appears to reduce the occurrence of suicidal thoughts. However, research into undesirable effects, especially in groups of people susceptible to psychotic episodes or those who use alcohol or psychoactive substances, is necessary.

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