scholarly journals An opportunity to emphasize the relevance of laboratory medicine

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
María Santamaría González ◽  
María Ángels Ruiz Mínguez ◽  
María Monsalud Arrebola Ramírez ◽  
Xavier Filella Pla ◽  
María José Torrejón Martínez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Laboratory Medicine ◽  
Multidisciplinary Teams ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Spanish Society ◽  
Related Information

Abstract Objectives Clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) are recommendations based on a systematic review of scientific evidence that are intended to help healthcare professionals and patients make the best clinical decisions. CPGs must be evidence-based and are designed by multidisciplinary teams. The purpose of this study is to assess the topics related to the clinical laboratory addressed in CPGs and evaluate the involvement of laboratory professionals in the CPG development process. Methods A total of 16 CPGs recommended by the Spanish Society of Laboratory Medicine and/or retrieved from PubMed-Medline were included. A review of the information provided in CPGs about 80 topics related to the clinical laboratory was performed. The authorship of laboratory professionals was assessed. Results On average, the 16 CPGs addressed 49% (standard deviation [SD]: 11%) of the topics evaluated in relation to the clinical laboratory. By order of frequency, CPGs contained information about 69% of postanalytical variables (SD: 20%); 52% of preanalytical variables (SD: 11%); and 43% of the analytical variables studied (SD: 18%). Finally, half the CPGs included a laboratory professional among its authors. Conclusions CPGs frequently failed to provide relevant laboratory-related information. Laboratory professionals were co-authors in only half the CPGs. There is scope for improvement, and laboratory professionals should be included in multidisciplinary teams involved in the development of CPGs.

scholarly journals Guidelines for enhanced recovery after cardiac surgery. Consensus document of Spanish Societies of Anesthesia (SEDAR), Cardiovascular Surgery (SECCE) and Perfusionists (AEP)

2020 ◽  
pp. 5-77
Author(s):  
Juan Antonio Margarit ◽  
Maria Azucena Pajares ◽  
Carlos Garcia Camacho ◽  
Mario Castaño Ruiz ◽  
Maria Gómez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Critical Care Unit ◽  
Cardiovascular Surgery ◽  
Enhanced Recovery ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Scientific Societies ◽  
Clinical Process ◽  
Consensus Document

The ERAS guidelines are intended to identify, disseminate and promote the implementation of the best, scientific evidence-based actions to decrease variability in clinical practice. The implementation of these practices in the global clinical process will promote better outcomes and the shortening of hospital and critical care unit stays, thereby resulting in a reduction in costs and in greater efficiency. After completing a systematic review at each of the points of the perioperative process in cardiac surgery, recommendations have been developed based on the best scientific evidence currently available with the consensus of the scientific societies involved.

scholarly journals Analysis of the Anti-Vaccine Movement in Social Networks: A Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (15) ◽  
pp. 5394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elvira Ortiz-Sánchez ◽  
Almudena Velando-Soriano ◽  
Laura Pradas-Hernández ◽  
Keyla Vargas-Román ◽  
Jose L. Gómez-Urquiza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Social Networks ◽  
Economic Benefit ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Related Information ◽  
Personal Stories ◽  
Final Sample ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Harmful Effects ◽  
Do So

The aim of this study was to analyze social networks’ information about the anti-vaccine movement. A systematic review was performed in PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL and CUIDEN databases. The search equations were: “vaccine AND social network” and “vaccine AND (Facebook[title] OR Twitter[title] OR Instagram[title] OR YouTube[title])”. The final sample was n = 12, including only articles published in the last 10 years, in English or Spanish. Social networks are used by the anti-vaccine groups to disseminate their information. To do this, these groups use different methods, including bots and trolls that generate anti-vaccination messages and spread quickly. In addition, the arguments that they use focus on possible harmful effects and the distrust of pharmaceuticals, promoting the use of social networks as a resource for finding health-related information. The anti-vaccine groups are able to use social networks and their resources to increase their number and do so through controversial arguments, such as the economic benefit of pharmaceuticals or personal stories of children to move the population without using reliable or evidence-based content.

scholarly journals Evidence Based Dentistry among Dentists in Low and Middle Income Countries: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-136
Author(s):  
Irene Kida Minja ◽  
Edda Tandi Lwoga
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Hand Search ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Evidence Based Dentistry ◽  
Low And Middle Income

Purpose of this systematic review was to bring together studies of evidence-based practice among dentists in low- and middle-income countries, where its use has been reported to be limited. The protocol was registered in PROSPERO. Methodology: We searched the evidence (in English only) from medical databases including PubMed, EBSCO, The Cochrane Library, CINAHL, ScienceDirect, HINARI summon, and SCOPUS and Web of Science via Research4Life, grey literature, hand search from relevant articles, and augmented results on Google scholar.Published reports were retrieved from relevant websites and organizations. Studies included those that looked at key factors that facilitate or hinder Evidence Based Dentistry (EBD), as well as outcomes in terms of: knowledge, attitudes and skills of EB practice among dentists; and the methodology used and their relevance in future EBD strategies.Main focus was on dentists, as practitioners and faculty members. Studies on students and non-dental personnel were excluded.Findings:A total of 4568 records were retrieved and five potentially relevant articles were selected after title/abstract screening. Two articles were excluded after full text screening, and therefore Three papers were included in this review. The studies report limited knowledge,unsatisfactory attitude towards EBD and lowpractice of EBD and use of scientific evidence databases. None of the studies reported implementation of EBD nor evaluation thereof. The main barriers that constrained application of EBD ranged from lack of interest to infrastructural limitations. Originality: The current review showed that there is a need to strategised implementation of EBD in this region.

scholarly journals Systematic review of meta-analyses to assess the impacts of farming practices - A methodological framework

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Makowski ◽  
Simona Bosco ◽  
Mathilde Chen ◽  
Ana Montero-Castaño ◽  
Marta Pérez-Soba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Quality Assessment ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Methodological Framework ◽  
Farming Practices ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Scientific Experts ◽  
Meta Analyses

Identifying sustainable agricultural practices to support policy development requires a rigorous synthesis of scientific evidence based on experiments carried out around the world. In agricultural science, meta-analyses (MAs) are now commonly used to assess the impact of farming practices on a variety of outcomes, including crop and livestock productions, biodiversity, greenhouse gas emissions, nitrate leaching, soil organic carbon, based on a large number of experimental data. MA has become a gold standard method for quantitative research synthesis, and the growing number of MAs available can potentially be used to inform decisions of policy makers. However, published MAs are heterogeneous both in content and quality, and a framework is needed to help scientists to report the results and quality levels of MAs in a rigorous and transparent manner. Such a framework must be implementable quickly - within weeks - to be operational and compatible with the time constraints of modern policymaking processes. In this paper, we propose a methodological framework for assessing the impacts of farming practices based on a systematic review of published MAs. The framework includes four main steps: (1) literature search of existing MAs, (2) screening and selection of MAs, (3) data extraction and quality assessment, and (4) reporting. Three types of reports are generated from the extracted data: individual reports summarizing the contents of each MA (MA summary reports), reports summarizing each of the impacts of a given farming practice on a specific environmental, climate mitigation, or production outcome (single-impact reports), and report summarizing all the impacts of a given farming practice on all the outcomes considered (general report). All these reports present the quality levels of the MAs examined on the basis of 16 quality criteria. The proposed framework is semi-automatic in the sense that the skeletons of the reports are generated automatically from the spreadsheet used for the data extraction and quality assessment. This semi-automatic procedure allows scientific experts to reduce the time needed in the reporting step. Since 2020, the proposed framework was successfully applied by a group of scientific experts to support decisions of EU policy makers, and examine a large diversity of single farming practices (e.g. nitrification inhibitors, biochar, liming) and cropping systems (e.g. organic systems, agroforestry) in a relatively short period of time. It provides an operational tool for scientists who want to supply policymakers with scientific evidence based on large numbers of experiments, in a timely and reproducible manner.

scholarly journals Kawasaki and COVID-19 disease in children: a systematic review

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (suppl 2) ◽  
pp. 136-142
Author(s):  
Laura Faustino Gonçalves ◽  
Ana Inês Gonzales ◽  
Fernanda Soares Aurélio Patatt ◽  
Karina Mary de Paiva ◽  
Patrícia Haas
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Kawasaki Disease ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Severe Form ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Medical Subject Heading ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Selection Of

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE To present scientific evidence based on a systematic literature review (PRISMA) evaluating the association of Kawasaki Disease (DK) and COVID-19 in children. METHODS For the selection of studies, a combination based on the Medical Subject Heading Terms (MeSH) was used. The Medline (Pubmed), LILACS, SciELO, COCHRANE, and BIREME databases were used. The search period for the articles comprised the last 10 years (2010 to 2020). RESULTS 840 articles with potential for inclusion were retrieved, one of which met the inclusion criteria and the guiding question that consisted of evaluating the association of Kawasaki disease and COVID-19 in children. CONCLUSION A significant increase in the incidence of Kawasaki-type diseases after the onset of the epidemic has been reported, suggesting an association between the COVID-19 epidemic and the high incidence of a severe form of KD. However, further studies are needed to conduct an investigation of the association between these two diseases.

scholarly journals Prognostic Models of Mortality from Accidental Severe Traumatic Brain Injury in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (3(September-December)) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose Roberto Tude Melo ◽  
Marcelo Liberato Coelho Mendes de Carvalho
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Severe Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Prognostic Models ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Severe Tbi

Introduction: Prognostic models are statistical models that combine two or more items of patient data to predict clinical outcomes. Objective: Identify prognostic models of mortality developed and published in the medical literature for possible applicability in children and adolescents victims of severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). Methods: Systematic review in the Medline electronic database (PubMed platform) of scientific articles published from 2006 (year of publication of the last systematic review on prognostic models for TBI before 2017) until July 29, 2017. Results: Ten studies on prognostic models of mortality in children and adolescents victims of severe TBI were identified for final inclusion in the review. There were eight development and two validation studies conducted in different countries. Conclusion: The analysis of this systematic review makes it possible to conclude that the ten prognostic models included in the final sample provide health professionals with a scientific evidence-based understanding of the severity of pediatric victims of severe TBI. This systematic review is classified as presenting 2A and 1 level of evidence (systematic review of homogeneous cohorts), according to the 2009 and 2011 classifications, respectively, of the Oxford Center for Evidence-Based Medicine

scholarly journals Keeping up with Best Evidence: What Resources are Available?

2012 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nasir Hussain ◽  
Mohit Bhandari ◽  
Sarah Turvey
Keyword(s):  
Evidence Based Medicine ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Medical Journals ◽  
Orthopedic Surgeons ◽  
Allied Healthcare ◽  
Based Medicine ◽  
Quality Evidence

ABSTRACT Evidence-based medicine (EBM) teaches physicians to base their decisions and actions on the best available scientific evidence in conjunction with their own expertise and the patient's values and preferences; however, this can be very time consuming as a one has to stay current and up-to-date with the most recent evidence. Several point-of-care databases, such as Up To Date and Dynamed, have been developed that distill the contents of medical journals into summaries with guidelines for practice in order to aid in EBM approach, but these also come with various limitations. Due to this, tools specific to surgical specialties are now beginning to be developed that systematically collect, appraise and summarize top quality evidence. One such tool is Ortho Evidence, which is an openaccess tool for orthopedic surgeons, researchers and allied healthcare professionals. How to cite this article Hussain N, Turvey S, Bhandari M. Keeping up with Best Evidence: What Resources are Available? J Postgrad Med Edu Res 2012;46(1):4-7.

scholarly journals Knowledge and use of evidence-based medicine in daily practice by health professionals: a cross-sectional survey

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. e025224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmelo Lafuente-Lafuente ◽  
Catia Leitao ◽  
Insaf Kilani ◽  
Zineb Kacher ◽  
Cynthia Engels ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Professionals ◽  
Evidence Based Medicine ◽  
Information Sources ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Daily Practice ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Related Information ◽  
Based Medicine

ObjectivesHealthcare professionals are expected to firmly ground their practice in sound evidence. That implies that they know and use evidence-based medicine (EBM). In this study, our aim was to know how often health professionals actually made use of EBM in their daily practice.DesignA questionnaire survey of healthcare professionals.ParticipantsHealthcare professionals who attended six university postgraduate courses. 226 answered the questionnaire (144 physicians, 64 nurses and 24 pharmacists; response rate 63.3%).Setting56.5% of respondents worked in hospitals (mostly non-teaching), 25.0% in nursing homes and 10.2% in primary care. All participants were French-speaking and lived in France or Switzerland.MeasuresDeclared degree of knowledge and use of EBM, use of EBM-related information sources.ResultsOverall, 14.2% of respondents declared to use EBM regularly in their daily practice and 15.6% declared to use EBM only occasionally. The remaining respondents declared they: knew about EBM but did not use it (33.1%), had just heard about EBM (31.9%) or did not know what EBM is (4.0%). Concerning the use of EBM-related information sources, 83.4% declared to use at least monthly (or more often) clinical guidelines, 47.1% PubMed, 21.3% the Cochrane Library and 6.4% other medical databases.Fewer pharmacists (12%) declared to use EBM in their practice than nurses (22%) or doctors (36%). No difference appeared when analysed by gender, work setting or years after graduation. The most frequent obstacles perceived for the practice of EBM were: lack of general knowledge about EBM, lack of skills for critical appraisal and lack of time.ConclusionsOnly a minority of health professionals—with differences between physicians, nurses and pharmacists—declare to regularly use EBM in their professional practice. A larger proportion appears to be interested in EBM but seems to be deterred by their lack of knowledge, skills and personal time.

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