scholarly journals Determination of Ranges of Components of Heat Affected Zone Including Changes of Structure / Określenie Zakresów Składowych Strefy Wpływu Ciepła Uwzględniając Zmiany Struktury

2015 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 2607-2612 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Śloderbach ◽  
J. Pająk
Keyword(s):  
Creep Strength ◽  
Thermal Fatigue ◽  
Heat Affected Zone ◽  
Analytical Method ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Practical Point ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Welding Technology

A simplified analytical method to determine the range of the heat affected zone and its components during welding is presented. Heat affected zone (HAZ) is an area formed during welding in which, as the result of temperature, some structural changes in the welded material occured. Knowledge of the area and sub-areas of HA Z is important from practical point of view, since the area of the fine-grained HAZ is a critical place in terms of creep strength and thermal fatigue. Heat affected zone is often the cause of future damage of many devices in which welding technology was used for their repair.

scholarly journals Determination of Odor Intensity of Binary Gas Mixtures Using Perceptual Models and an Electronic Nose Combined with Fuzzy Logic

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (16) ◽  
pp. 3473 ◽  
Author(s):  
Szulczyński ◽  
Gębicki
Keyword(s):  
Fuzzy Logic ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Odor Intensity ◽  
Gas Mixture ◽  
Electronic Noses ◽  
Practical Point ◽  
Fuzzy Logic Algorithm ◽  
Holistic Analysis ◽  
Analyze Data

Measurement and monitoring of air quality in terms of odor nuisance is an important problem. From a practical point of view, it would be most valuable to directly link the odor intensity with the results of analytical air monitoring. Such a solution is offered by electronic noses, which thanks to the possibility of holistic analysis of the gas sample, allow estimation of the odor intensity of the gas mixture. The biggest problem is the occurrence of odor interactions between the mixture components. For this reason, methods that can take into account the interaction between components of the mixture are used to analyze data from the e-nose. In the presented study, the fuzzy logic algorithm was proposed for determination of odor intensity of binary mixtures of eight odorants: n-Hexane, cyclohexane, toluene, o-xylene, trimethylamine, triethylamine, α-pinene, and β-pinene. The proposed algorithm was compared with four theoretical perceptual models: Euclidean additivity, vectorial additivity, U model, and UPL model.

scholarly journals Determination of the optimal curvature of the turnout diverging track for HSR using dynamic analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 (10) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Władysław Koc ◽  
Katarzyna Palikowska
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Analysis ◽  
Analytical Method ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Extreme Points ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
High Speed Railway ◽  
Zero Values ◽  
Linear And Nonlinear ◽  
Selection Of

The paper presents an analytical method of identifying the curvature of the turnout diverging track consisting of sections of varying curvature. Such turnout is mainly applied on High Speed Railway. Both linear and nonlinear (polynomial) curvatures of the turnout diverging track are considered in the paper. Obtained solutions enable to assume curvature values at the beginning and end point of the geometrical layout of the turnout.The paper focus on a fundamental and unexplained so far issue connected with selection of the most favourable curvature section from the operational requirements point of view. In order to determine the optimal curvature a dynamic analysis has been carried out on the several representative cases. It has been indicated that, used in railway practice, clothoid sections with nonzero curvatures at the beginning and end points of the turnout should be verified. It has been proved that the turnout with nonlinear curvature reaching zero values at the extreme points of the geometrical layout is the most favourable.

scholarly journals Proposal for the Evaluation of the Stability Level of Periodic Timetable in Terms of Operation and Infrastructure

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-33
Author(s):  
Lukáš Čechovič ◽  
Adrián Šperka ◽  
Jozef Gašparík
Keyword(s):  
Rail Transport ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Passenger Transport ◽  
Railway Transport ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
Practical Point ◽  
Railway Networks ◽  
Transport Path ◽  
The Stability

Abstract The introduction of tact timetable in rail passenger transport is currently a new evolving trend that increases the efficiency of rail transport. This article seeks to contribute in this area of the issue and thus to raise and improve this system of organizing transport in railway transport. The aim is to propose a methodology that assesses the level of stability of tact timetable based on operational and infrastructural factors. The methodology identifies operational-infrastructural factors that affect the stability and reliability of tact timetable. Using scientific methods, it presents the method of their quantification and determination of the weights of these factors, which evaluate the line sections and transport points of the examined transport path. From a practical point of view, the methodology is generally tact applicable to other European railway networks. In the final part of the work, this methodological procedure is applied in the form of model examples for various transport path.

ASSESSMENT OF BIOGENIC AMINES PRODUCTION BY LACTIC ACID BACTERIAISOLATED FROM TRADITIONALLY FERMENTED FOODS AVAILABLE AT THE MARKET (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonja Ketin
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Biogenic Amines ◽  
Analytical Method ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Fermented Foods ◽  
Measured Concentration ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass

UNSTRUCTURED The aim of this study was to monitor the production of seven biogenic amines (Cadaverine - CAD, Putrescine - PUT, Spermine - SPE, Spermidine - SPD, Histamine - HIS, Tyramine - TYR and Tryptamine - TRY) by 156 selected lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains isolated from Serbian traditionally fermented sausages and cheeses. The analytical method for the determination of biogenic amines after 24 hour incubation LAB in MRS and M17 broth using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) is a modified procedure for the determination of biogenic amines in fish. The results on biogenic amine production by 156 LAB strains showed very low concentrations which are considered non-significant from both technological and safety point of view. The measured concentrations of PUT, CAD, TRY and SPD (except in 8 LAB strains) were below the detection limit of the analytical method (0.1 mg/L), whereas those of HIS, TYR and SPE were above the limit of detection, but still not significant. TYR was the only amine whose measured concentration ranged from 13.93 mg/L to 69.25 mg/L. Most of the tested LAB strains produced TYR in broth below 30 mg/L with the exception of Enterococcus faecalis strains that produced TYR at concentrations ranging between 48.56 − 69.25 mg/L, and three Enterococcus faecium strains with 38.45 − 55.56 mg/L of TYR production.

scholarly journals Strengths and weaknesses of the logistic function used in forecasting

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
THEODORE MODIS
Keyword(s):  
Growth Cycle ◽  
Logistic Function ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Practical Point ◽  
Four Seasons

This work describes strengths and weaknesses of the logistic function used in forecasting from a theoretical and a practical point of view. Theoretical topics treated are: generalizing the concept of competition, dividing the growth cycle in four "seasons", and using logistics simply qualitatively to obtain rare insights and intuitive understanding. Practical topics addresses are: determination of the uncertainties, how to decide whether to fit cumulative or per unit of time data, and how to deal with a bias toward a low ceiling.

scholarly journals Some Peculiarities of the Process of Preparing the Zeolites Containing Breeds in a Ball Mill

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 7695-7698
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Ball Mill ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Specific Productivity ◽  
Grinding Process ◽  
Ball Mills ◽  
Practical Point ◽  
Grinding Conditions

The article presents the results of studies of grindability of zeolite-containing rocks in ball mills with different grinding conditions. The results of studies of grindability of zeolite-containing rocks, optimization of the grinding process and determination of the specific productivity of industrial mills are presented. From a practical point of view, the data obtained can reduce the energy consumption of the grinding process of zeolite-containing rocks and increase the values of equipment efficiency and improve the quality of the finished product.

LUMINESCENT DETERMINATION OF SUGAR IN NATURAL HONEY

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (4) ◽  
pp. 29-32
Author(s):  
B.M. GAREEV ◽  
◽  
A.M. ABDRAKHMANOV ◽  
G.L. SHARIPOV ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Dots ◽  
Laboratory Test ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Analytical Method ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Carbon Quantum Dots ◽  
Photoluminescence Intensity ◽  
Sucrose Content ◽  
Natural Honey

The photoluminescence of carbon quantum dots synthesized from natural honey and mixtures of honey and sugar has been studied. An increase in the sugar content leads to a decrease in the photoluminescence intensity without changing the shape of the luminescence spectrum of these quantum dots aqueous solutions, which is associated with a decrease in the yield of their synthesis in the sugar presence. The discovered effect can be used to detect sugar in honey. When examining five different market samples of flower honey using this method, two of them showed a significant decrease in the photoluminescence intensity. A laboratory test for compliance with GOST 19792-2017 Standard requirements established an excess of the sucrose content in these samples. Luminescent determination of sugar in honey does not require complicated equipment and can be used to develop a new analytical method for determining the sugar content in counterfeit natural honey.

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