scholarly journals The seaweed resources of Peru

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 381-394
Author(s):  
José Avila-Peltroche ◽  
Jaraj Padilla-Vallejos
Keyword(s):  
Brown Seaweed ◽  
Macrocystis Pyrifera ◽  
Lessonia Trabeculata ◽  
Chondracanthus Chamissoi ◽  
The World ◽  
Molecular Studies ◽  
Lessonia Nigrescens ◽  
Commercial Seaweeds ◽  
Marine Areas ◽  
Aquaculture Production

AbstractThe coast of Peru (3.5–18°S) is one of the most productive marine areas in the world. The updated seaweed checklist reports a total of 260 specific/intraspecific taxa, of which the Rhodophyta show the highest number (185 species), followed by Chlorophyta (41 species) and Phaeophyceae (34 species). Since 2012, an increase in molecular studies has been reported mostly in Rhodophyta, while Chlorophyta and Phaeophyceae have lagged far behind. Utilization of seaweed resources has been based on artisanal collection from natural beds. These are mainly consumed fresh or salt-dried (Chondracanthus chamissoi and Porphyra/Pyropia species), or exported for polysaccharide extraction (Lessonia nigrescens, Lessonia trabeculata, Macrocystis pyrifera). Although some regulations for brown seaweed extraction exist, overexploitation is a constant threat that must be addressed. Biomass from seaweed farms accounts, at most, for only 4% of the total annual landings, and there is a decreasing trend on seaweed aquaculture production since 2012. However, some cultivation projects for C. chamissoi and Porphyra/Pyropia species are currently being undertaken. In addition, recent studies have started to explore new uses of commercial and non-commercial seaweeds. Uncovering the Peruvian seaweed diversity and establishing well sustained culture and management projects are essential for utilizing and preserving the seaweed resources of Peru.

scholarly journals Oceans of opportunity: a review of Canadian aquaculture

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-54
Author(s):  
Donald J. Noakes
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Limited Growth ◽  
Content Type ◽  
National Strategic Plan ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future ◽  
Current Production ◽  
Marine Areas ◽  
Aquaculture Production ◽  
Future Growth

Purpose The world’s population is expected to increase by 30 percent to 10bn people by 2050 and with 70 percent of the earth’s surface covered by water aquaculture will play an important role in producing food for the future. The paper aims to discuss this issue. Design/methodology/approach While Canada has the longest coastline in the world by far (202,080 km) with 80,000 km of marine coastline capable of supporting aquaculture and fisheries, it ranks only 25th in terms of world aquaculture production. The reasons are many and varied, and this review examines statistical reports and publications to trace the beginnings of the aquaculture sector in Canada, and highlights some areas of strength and potential, and the challenges for future growth and expansion. Findings Currently, less than 1 percent of the 3.8m hectares of freshwater and marine areas that are considered suitable for seafood (i.e. finfish, shellfish and aquatic plants) production are being farmed so Canada has an ocean of opportunity to be a leader in world aquaculture production in the future. Originality/value The review highlights the need for a national strategic plan to increase aquaculture production in Canada and the need to simplify the current complex regulatory framework that has resulted in significant uncertainties and delays that have limited growth in this sector. The review highlights the potential and interest to triple current production while fostering greater involvement of First Nation communities.

scholarly journals Effect of Dietary Brown Seaweed (Macrocystis pyrifera) Additive on Meat Quality and Nutrient Composition of Fattening Pigs

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1720
Author(s):  
Nancy Jerez-Timaure ◽  
Melissa Sánchez-Hidalgo ◽  
Rubén Pulido ◽  
Jonathan Mendoza
Keyword(s):  
Meat Quality ◽  
Cholesterol Metabolism ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Brown Seaweed ◽  
Macrocystis Pyrifera ◽  
Nutrient Composition ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Regular Diet ◽  
Longissimus Lumborum ◽  
Fattening Pigs

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of dietary brown seaweed (Macrocystis pyrifera) additive (SWA) on meat quality and nutrient composition of commercial fattening pigs. The treatments were: Regular diet with 0% inclusion of SWA (CON); Regular diet with 2% SWA (2%-SWA); Regular diet with 4% SWA (4%-SWA). After slaughtering, five carcasses from each group were selected, and longissimus lumborum (LL) samples were taken for meat quality and chemical composition analysis. Meat quality traits (except redness intensity) were not affected (p > 0.05) by treatments. Samples from the 4%-SWA treatment showed the lowest a value than those from the 2%-SWA and CON treatments (p = 0.05). Meat samples from the 4%-SWA group contained 3.37 and 3.81 mg/100 g more of muscle cholesterol than CON and 2% SWA groups, respectively (p < 0.05). The SWA treatments affected (p ≤ 0.05) the content of ash, Mn, Fe, and Cu. The LL samples from 4%-SWA had the highest content of ash; however, they showed 0.13, 0.45, and 0.23 less mg/100 g of Mn, Fe, and Zn, respectively, compared to samples from CON (p ≤ 0.05). Fatty acids composition and macro minerals content (Na, Mg, and K) did not show variation due to the SWA treatments. Further studies are needed to understand the biological effects of these components on adipogenesis, cholesterol metabolism, and mineral deposition in muscle.

scholarly journals Fish Waste: From Problem to Valuable Resource

Marine Drugs ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 116
Author(s):  
Daniela Coppola ◽  
Chiara Lauritano ◽  
Fortunato Palma Esposito ◽  
Gennaro Riccio ◽  
Carmen Rizzo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Circular Economy ◽  
Bioactive Peptides ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Environmental Concerns ◽  
Economic Sector ◽  
Valuable Resource ◽  
Fish Waste ◽  
The World ◽  
Global Population ◽  
Aquaculture Production

Following the growth of the global population and the subsequent rapid increase in urbanization and industrialization, the fisheries and aquaculture production has seen a massive increase driven mainly by the development of fishing technologies. Accordingly, a remarkable increase in the amount of fish waste has been produced around the world; it has been estimated that about two-thirds of the total amount of fish is discarded as waste, creating huge economic and environmental concerns. For this reason, the disposal and recycling of these wastes has become a key issue to be resolved. With the growing attention of the circular economy, the exploitation of underused or discarded marine material can represent a sustainable strategy for the realization of a circular bioeconomy, with the production of materials with high added value. In this study, we underline the enormous role that fish waste can have in the socio-economic sector. This review presents the different compounds with high commercial value obtained by fish byproducts, including collagen, enzymes, and bioactive peptides, and lists their possible applications in different fields.

scholarly journals A Comprehensive, Flexible Collection of SARS-CoV-2 Coding Regions

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 3399-3402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dae-Kyum Kim ◽  
Jennifer J Knapp ◽  
Da Kuang ◽  
Aditya Chawla ◽  
Patricia Cassonnet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Viral Life Cycle ◽  
Coding Sequences ◽  
Coding Regions ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
The World ◽  
Molecular Studies ◽  
Widespread Availability ◽  
Rapid Transfer

Abstract The world is facing a global pandemic of COVID-19 caused by the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus. Here we describe a collection of codon-optimized coding sequences for SARS-CoV-2 cloned into Gateway-compatible entry vectors, which enable rapid transfer into a variety of expression and tagging vectors. The collection is freely available. We hope that widespread availability of this SARS-CoV-2 resource will enable many subsequent molecular studies to better understand the viral life cycle and how to block it.

scholarly journals Contributing to the progress of descriptive taxonomy

Zootaxa ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 1968 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
ZHI-QIANG ZHANG
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Molecular Systematics ◽  
Rapid Growth ◽  
Animal Species ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Grass Roots ◽  
The Earth ◽  
The World ◽  
Molecular Studies ◽  
Types Of Information

One of the fundamental quests of biology is discovering how many species inhabit the Earth. Yet the vast majority of the world’s animal species are waiting to be discovered, named and described—estimates of the total number vary from 5 to 30 million.  Most biologists would agree that taxonomy is important and fundamental to credible biology, and descriptive taxonomy is the most important task of taxonomy (Wheeler 2007). Unfortunately, the reality is that descriptive taxonomy has been marginalized since the mid-1950s and has sustained serious losses in funding and academic positions in universities and museums around the world, especially since phylogenetic and molecular studies became popular in the last twenty years.  During this period, there has also been an important historical trend in taxonomic publishing—many journal publishers/editors have been making increasing demands on authors to provide phylogenetic analysis, molecular systematics, and other modern types of information in taxonomic papers. In addition, there are long publication delays and/or increasing page charges for many journals that do publish descriptive taxonomic papers. Zootaxa was founded in 2001 to provide a much-needed outlet for descriptive taxonomic papers and monographs that are difficult to publish elsewhere, and as a result has received tremendous support from taxonomists worldwide, despite the fact that it is a grass-roots project without support from government and institutions (Zhang 2006a).  Zootaxa satisfied the publishing need of many zoological taxonomists, and sustained a period of rapid growth during 2001 to 2006 (Zhang 2006b). During the last two years, it has continued to grow in size, and especially in its impact, and has become a major force in reviving descriptive taxonomy on a global scale.  Here I summarize some encouraging data on the growth of Zootaxa and its impact.  I also comment on its contribution to the progress of  descriptive taxonomy.

A REVIEW OF THE CORROSION BEHAVIOR OF METALLIC HERITAGE STRUCTURES AND ARTIFACTS

2015 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
K. M. Darain ◽  
M. Z. Jumaat ◽  
S. M. Nazimuddin ◽  
A. Ahsan ◽  
R. Rashid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Behavior ◽  
National Income ◽  
Metal Corrosion ◽  
Remedial Measures ◽  
Vital Part ◽  
Surrounding Environment ◽  
The World ◽  
Marine Areas ◽  
Culture Tradition ◽  
Over Time

Awareness about restoring and preserving historically important structures and artifacts is gradually growing in many parts of the world. These artifacts and structures represent the culture, tradition and past of a nation. They are often also a source of national income through tourist activities. Besides masonry and wood work, metallic forms and relics are a vital part of the heritage which needs to be conserved. Certain metals have been used significantly throughout history in the creation of objects and structures. However, metals are prone to decay over time, particularly decay through corrosion. The basic mechanisms of metal corrosion, the various types of corrosion and existing remedial solutions are reviewed in this paper. The most significant factor affecting metal corrosion was found to be the surrounding environment, especially in marine areas. Different remedial measures can be implemented on corroded metals according to their specific properties. Recommendations for further study are offered at the end of the paper.

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