scholarly journals Physical properties and culture-specific factors as principles of semantic categorisation of the Gújjolaay Eegimaa noun class system

2012 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serge Sagna,
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Cognitive Linguistics ◽  
Detailed Examination ◽  
Family Resemblance ◽  
Class System ◽  
Multiple Classification ◽  
Specific Factors ◽  
Noun Class ◽  
Atlantic Language

AbstractThis paper investigates the semantic bases of class membership in the noun class system of Gújjolaay Eegimaa (Eegimaa henceforth), a Niger-Congo and Atlantic language of the BAK group spoken in Southern Senegal. The question of whether semantic principles underlie the overt classification of nouns in Niger-Congo languages is a controversial one. There is a common perception of Niger-Congo noun class systems as being mainly semantically arbitrary. The goal of the present paper is to show that physical properties and culture-specific factors are central principles of semantic categorisation in the Eegimaa noun class system. I argue that the Eegimaa overt grammatical classification of nouns into classes is a semantic categorisation system whereby categories are structured according to prototypicality, family resemblance, metaphorical and metonymic extensions and chaining processes, as argued within the framework of Cognitive Linguistics. I show that the categorisation of entities in the Eegimaa nominal classification system productively makes use of physical properties such as shape as well as using culture-specific, less productive parameters for the semantic categorisation of entities denoted by nouns. The analysis proposed here also shows that the cases of multiple morphosyntactic classifications of nouns reflect multiple conceptual categorisation strategies. A detailed examination of the formal and semantic instances of multiple classification reveals the existence of conceptual correlations between the physical properties and the culture-specific semantic parameters of categorisation used in the Eegimaa noun class system.

scholarly journals A typological overview of Eegimaa (Jóola Banjal)

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-53
Author(s):  
Serge Sagna
Keyword(s):  
Vowel Harmony ◽  
Semantic Categorization ◽  
Class System ◽  
Phonological Features ◽  
Shape Encoding ◽  
Noun Class ◽  
Plural Marking ◽  
Linguistic Means

This paper presents some of the most prominent properties of Eegimaa, a Jóola/Diola2 language spoken in the Basse-Casamance (Southern Senegal). The phonological features examined include [ATR] vowel harmony, backness harmony, lenition, and Eegimaa’s typologically unusual geminate consonants. Most of the paper, however, focuses on Eegimaa morphology. My analysis of the noun class system separates morphological classes from agreement classes (genders), and presents the most important principles of semantic categorization, including shape encoding. I also show that Eegimaa classifies nouns and verbs by the same overt linguistic means, namely, noun class prefixes. I argue that this overt classification of nouns and verbs reflects parallel semantic categorization of entities and events. Other prominent typological features include associative plural marking and nominal TAM marking with the inactualis suffix, which also expresses alienability contrasts.

The Classification of Parauapebas Meteorite: Petrological, Mineralogical and Elemental Compositions and Physical Properties

2021 ◽  
pp. 105250
Author(s):  
Amanda A. Tosi ◽  
Maria Elizabeth Zucolotto ◽  
Wania Wolff ◽  
Julio C. Mendes ◽  
Sergio Suárez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Elemental Compositions

scholarly journals The gender system of Longuda

2021 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 327-346
Author(s):  
Julius-Maximilian Elstermann ◽  
Ines Fiedler ◽  
Tom Güldemann
Keyword(s):  
Historical Reconstruction ◽  
Classifier System ◽  
Class System ◽  
Nominal Form ◽  
Noun Class ◽  
Nominal Classification ◽  
Gender System

Abstract This article describes the gender system of Longuda. Longuda class marking is alliterative and does not distinguish between nominal form and agreement marking. While it thus appears to be a prototypical example of a traditional Niger-Congo “noun-class” system, this identity of gender encoding makes it look morpho-syntactic rather than lexical. This points to a formerly independent status of the exponents of nominal classification, which is similar to a classifier system and thus less canonical. Both types of class marking hosts involve two formally and functionally differing allomorphs, which inform the historical reconstruction of Longuda noun classification in various ways.

Simple and complex cognitive modelling in oblique translation strategies in a corpus of English

Target ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Sandra Peña-Cervel ◽  
Carla Ovejas-Ramírez
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Linguistics ◽  
Cognitive Modelling ◽  
English Drama ◽  
Translation Process ◽  
Translation Strategies ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Cognitive Operations ◽  
Translation Techniques ◽  
Peninsular Spanish

Abstract This article provides a quantitative and qualitative analysis of the translation of English drama film titles into Peninsular Spanish, drawing on cognitive modelling and following preliminary findings in Peña-Cervel (2016). Our study is consistent with the epistemological and ontological grounding of Cognitive Linguistics (Samaniego-Fernández 2007) and contributes to satisfying one of the major challenges Rojo-López and Ibarretxe-Antuñano (2013a, 10) identify for present-day Translation Studies: To reveal the conceptual substratum that guides the translation process. Our approach does not rely on an exhaustive classification of clear-cut and well-defined translation techniques, but rather on a broad distinction between direct and oblique strategies. We demonstrate how the notion of cognitive operation, as proposed by Ruiz de Mendoza-Ibáñez and Galera-Masegosa (2014), can help elucidate the sometimes seemingly arbitrary relationship between original English titles and their counterparts in Spanish, especially in cases of traditionally so-called free translations. Stands-for relations, such as expansion and reduction, are shown to play a fundamental role in the translation process and the fruitful combination of cognitive operations into conceptual complexes is explored. Our study attempts to go beyond descriptive adequacy in order to achieve explanatory adequacy.

Word Order and Agreement in Tagoi

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 161-174
Author(s):  
Suzan Alamin
Keyword(s):  
Noun Phrase ◽  
Word Order ◽  
Class System ◽  
Order Types ◽  
Sentence Level ◽  
Constituent Order ◽  
Noun Class ◽  
South Kordofan

Abstract This study provides a detailed description of word order types, agreement patterns and alternations found in Tagoi, a Kordofanian language traditionally spoken in South Kordofan. After a brief presentation of the language (section 1), the noun class system is introduced (section 2) and the word order and agreement patterns are examined at the noun phrase level (section 3). Section 4 gives information about the constituent order at clause and sentence level, while Section 5 summarizes the findings and conclusion of the paper. All in all, the paper aims at contributing to a better understanding of the grammar, structure and typological features of Tagoi.

Challenges for Diadromous Fishes in a Dynamic Global Environment

2009 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Stream Temperature ◽  
Climate Change Scenarios ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Patterns ◽  
Specific Factors ◽  
Thermal Variability

<em>Abstract</em>.-In this paper, we develop logistic stream temperature models for 17 selected sites in northeastern North America and evaluate the potential changes from warming climate under two scenarios (low and medium-high emissions). Classification of the magnitude of the (1) long-term (1980-2002) and (2) annual thermal regimes allowed examination of the relative spatial and temporal patterns of instream thermal variability across the 17 sites. At the regional scale, the classification identified three broad groups of rivers (cool, intermediate, and warm) reflecting geographical location and moderated by site-specific factors. The interannual classification identified four thermal year types reflecting increasing magnitude and variability in the annual thermal regime. The dominance of thermal year types and the frequency of occurrence indicated significant variability between years for all sites and within thermal regions. Under the two climate change scenarios, stream temperatures in the 17 sites are projected to increase by 2050. However, there are regional differences with intermediate and warm region rivers projected to be more affected, particularly under the medium-high emissions scenario. More significantly, the duration of weeks when temperatures exceed 20°C (taken as a threshold of thermal stress for Atlantic salmon <em>Salmo salar</em>) is projected to increase with variability in response between river groups. We comment on the ecological significance of these potential future increases in stream temperature and duration for Atlantic salmon in the region.

Petrophysical Rocks: Electrofacies and Lithofacies

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
John H. Doveton
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Sedimentary Rocks ◽  
Well Control ◽  
The Core ◽  
Lateral Extent ◽  
Petrophysical Logs ◽  
Definition Of

Many years ago, the classification of sedimentary rocks was largely descriptive and relied primarily on petrographic methods for composition and granulometry for particle size. The compositional aspect broadly matches the goals of the previous chapter in estimating mineral content from petrophysical logs. With the development of sedimentology, sedimentary rocks were now considered in terms of the depositional environment in which they originated. Uniformitarianism, the doctrine that the present is the key to the past, linked the formation of sediments in the modern day to their ancient lithified equivalents. Classification was now structured in terms of genesis and formalized in the concept of “facies.” A widely quoted definition of facies was given by Reading (1978) who stated, “A facies should ideally be a distinctive rock that forms under certain conditions of sedimentation reflecting a particular process or environment.” This concept identifies facies as process products which, when lithified in the subsurface, form genetic units that can be correlated with well control to establish the geological architecture of a field. The matching of facies with modern depositional analogs means that dimensional measures, such as shape and lateral extent, can be used to condition reasonable geomodels, particularly when well control is sparse or nonuniform. Most wells are logged rather than cored, so that the identification of facies in cores usually provides only a modicum of information to characterize the architecture of an entire field. Consequently, many studies have been made to predict lithofacies from log measurements in order to augment core observations in the development of a satisfactory geomodel that describes the structure of genetic layers across a field. The term “electrofacies” was introduced by Serra and Abbott (1980) as a way to characterize collective associations of log responses that are linked with geological attributes. They defined electrofacies to be “the set of log responses which characterizes a bed and permits it to be distinguished from the others.” Electrofacies are clearly determined by geology, because physical properties of rocks. The intent of electrofacies identification is generally to match them with lithofacies identified in the core or an outcrop.

scholarly journals PRODUCTION OF PARTICLE BOARDS USING POLYSTYRENE AND BAMBOO WASTES

2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 788-793
Author(s):  
SA Abdulkareem ◽  
AG Adeniyi
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
National Standards ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Thickness Swelling ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Curing Methods

This investigation was able to produce incredibly strong particleboards using bamboo and resinous material obtained from Polystyrene wastes. The particleboards were prepared by mixing the bamboo fibres and Polystyrene based resin (PBR) followed by flat press process at different ratio (v/v). Physical properties were measured, with reference to normal and oven curing methods, according to the ASTM D-1037 standard. Thickness Swelling (TS) of the samples were measured after 2 and 24 hours of immersion in water at 25oC temperature. It was found that the physical properties of particleboards with 20%, 30% and 40% PBR content were all in agreement with low density particleboard classification of American National Standards Institute (ANSI). TS increased as the PBR content decreased in the matrix. Obtained properties convincingly indicate superior bonding ability of the synthesised resinous polystyrene over known industrial adhesives typically used for particleboard production. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/njt.v36i3.18 

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document