Long-term consumption of Moringa oleifera-supplemented diet enhanced neurocognition, suppressed oxidative stress, acetylcholinesterase activity and neuronal degeneration in rat’s hippocampus

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Olusegun G. Adebayo ◽  
Iheanyichukwu Wopara ◽  
Wadioni Aduema ◽  
Oloruntoba T. Ebo ◽  
Elizabeth B. Umoren
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Ache Activity ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Neuronal Degeneration ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Acetylcholinesterase Activity ◽  
Wistar Rat ◽  
The Body ◽  
Object Recognition Test

Abstract Objectives This study investigates protection against oxidative stress and memory enhancing potential of long-term consumption of Moringa oleifera leaves. Methods Male Wistar rat were fed with mixture of M. oleifera-supplemented diets (MOSD) partitioned in 1, 5, 10, and 20% continuously for 12 weeks. Object recognition test (ORT) and Morris water maze (MWM) was used for assessing neurocognition. Changes in body weight, Lipid peroxidation (MDA), Glutathione (GSH), Catalase (CAT) and Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity was assayed in the brain tissue. Histomorphometric of the hippocampus was also examined. Results The diets progressively increase the body weigh after the 12 weeks, improved spatial (MWM) and non-spatial (ORT) memory performance, protect against oxidative stress, inhibit AChE activity and suppresses neuronal degeneration in the hippocampus when stained with Cresyl violent stain. Conclusions Conclusively, long-term consumption of MOSD shows strong protection against oxidative stress and hippocampal degeneration and improves neurocognition with dose dependent effect.

Long-term consumption of Moringa oleifera-supplemented diet enhanced neurocognition, suppressed oxidative stress, acetylcholinesterase activity and neuronal degeneration in rat’s hippocampus

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 223-231
Author(s):  
Olusegun G. Adebayo ◽  
Iheanyichukwu Wopara ◽  
Wadioni Aduema ◽  
Oloruntoba T. Ebo ◽  
Elizabeth B. Umoren
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Ache Activity ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Neuronal Degeneration ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Acetylcholinesterase Activity ◽  
Wistar Rat ◽  
The Body ◽  
Object Recognition Test

Abstract Objectives This study investigates protection against oxidative stress and memory enhancing potential of long-term consumption of Moringa oleifera leaves. Methods Male Wistar rat were fed with mixture of M. oleifera-supplemented diets (MOSD) partitioned in 1, 5, 10, and 20% continuously for 12 weeks. Object recognition test (ORT) and Morris water maze (MWM) was used for assessing neurocognition. Changes in body weight, Lipid peroxidation (MDA), Glutathione (GSH), Catalase (CAT) and Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity was assayed in the brain tissue. Histomorphometric of the hippocampus was also examined. Results The diets progressively increase the body weigh after the 12 weeks, improved spatial (MWM) and non-spatial (ORT) memory performance, protect against oxidative stress, inhibit AChE activity and suppresses neuronal degeneration in the hippocampus when stained with Cresyl violent stain. Conclusions Conclusively, long-term consumption of MOSD shows strong protection against oxidative stress and hippocampal degeneration and improves neurocognition with dose dependent effect.

scholarly journals Tualang Honey Attenuates Noise Stress-Induced Memory Deficits in Aged Rats

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khairunnuur Fairuz Azman ◽  
Rahimah Zakaria ◽  
Che Badariah Abdul Aziz ◽  
Zahiruddin Othman
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Acetylcholinesterase Activity ◽  
Protein Carbonyl ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Aged Rats ◽  
Stress Exposure ◽  
Object Recognition Test ◽  
Noise Stress ◽  
Tualang Honey

Ageing and stress exposure may lead to memory impairment while oxidative stress is thought to be one of the underlying mechanisms involved. This study aimed to investigate the potential protective effects of Tualang honey supplementation on memory performance in aged rats exposed to noise stress. Tualang honey supplementation was given orally, 200 mg/kg body weight for 28 days. Rats in the stress group were subjected to loud noise, 100 dB(A), 4 hours daily for 14 days. All rats were subjected to novel object recognition test for evaluation of memory performance. It was observed that the rats subjected to noise stress exhibited significantly lower memory performance and higher oxidative stress as evident by elevated malondialdehyde and protein carbonyl levels and reduction of antioxidant enzymes activities compared to the nonstressed rats. Tualang honey supplementation was able to improve memory performance, decrease oxidative stress levels, increase brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) concentration, decrease acetylcholinesterase activity, and enhance neuronal proliferation in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and hippocampus. In conclusion, Tualang honey protects against memory decline due to stress exposure and/or ageing via enhancement of mPFC and hippocampal morphology possibly secondary to reduction in brain oxidative stress and/or upregulation of BDNF concentration and cholinergic system.

scholarly journals Effects of Exercise-Induced ROS on the Pathophysiological Functions of Skeletal Muscle

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Fan Wang ◽  
Xin Wang ◽  
Yiping Liu ◽  
Zhenghong Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Acute Exercise ◽  
Redox System ◽  
The Body ◽  
Muscle Adaptation ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
And Function ◽  
Stress Fatigue

Oxidative stress is the imbalance of the redox system in the body, which produces excessive reactive oxygen species, leads to multiple cellular damages, and closely relates to some pathological conditions, such as insulin resistance and inflammation. Meanwhile, exercise as an external stimulus of oxidative stress causes the changes of pathophysiological functions in the tissues and organs, including skeletal muscle. Exercise-induced oxidative stress is considered to have different effects on the structure and function of skeletal muscle. Long-term regular or moderate exercise-induced oxidative stress is closely related to the formation of muscle adaptation, while excessive free radicals produced by strenuous or acute exercise can cause muscle oxidative stress fatigue and damage, which impacts exercise capacity and damages the body’s health. The present review systematically summarizes the relationship between exercise-induced oxidative stress and the adaptions, damage, and fatigue in skeletal muscle, in order to clarify the effects of exercise-induced oxidative stress on the pathophysiological functions of skeletal muscle.

scholarly journals Thymus vulgaris Essential Oil Protects Zebrafish against Cognitive Dysfunction by Regulating Cholinergic and Antioxidants Systems

Antioxidants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1083 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luminita Capatina ◽  
Elena Todirascu-Ciornea ◽  
Edoardo Marco Napoli ◽  
Giuseppe Ruberto ◽  
Lucian Hritcu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Ache Activity ◽  
Cholinergic Neurons ◽  
Thymus Vulgaris ◽  
Object Recognition Test ◽  
Memory Impairments ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Gas Chromatograph Mass Spectrometry ◽  
The Brain

Thymus vulgaris L. is an aromatic herb used for medicinal purposes such as antimicrobial, spasmolytic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive, antitumor, and may have beneficial effects in the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease. The present study aimed to investigate whether Thymus vulgaris L. essential oil enhances cognitive function via the action on cholinergic neurons using scopolamine (Sco)-induced zebrafish (Danio rerio) model of memory impairments. Thymus vulgaris L. essential oil (TEO, 25, 150, and 300 µL/L) was administered by immersion to zebrafish once daily for 13 days, whereas memory impairment was induced by Sco (100 μM), a muscarinic receptor antagonist, delivered 30 min before behavioral tests. Spatial memory was assessed using the Y-maze test and novel object recognition test (NOR). Anxiety and depression were measured in the novel tank diving test (NTT). Gas Chromatograph-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis was used to study the phytochemical composition of TEO. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity and oxidative stress response in the brain of zebrafish were determined. TEO ameliorated Sco-induced increasing of AChE activity, amnesia, anxiety, and reduced the brain antioxidant capacity. These results suggest that TEO may have preventive and/or therapeutic potentials in the management of memory deficits and brain oxidative stress in zebrafish with amnesia.

scholarly journals The Role of Oxidative Stress in Decreased Acetylcholinesterase Activity at the Neuromuscular Junction of the Diaphragm during Sepsis

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hua Liu ◽  
Jin Wu ◽  
Jun-yan Yao ◽  
Hong Wang ◽  
Shi-tong Li
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Neuromuscular Junction ◽  
Ache Activity ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Acetylcholinesterase Activity ◽  
Protein Carbonyls ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Caecal Ligation And Puncture ◽  
Septic Group

Our recent study demonstrated that acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity at the neuromuscular junction (NMJ) of the diaphragm decreased during sepsis. However, the mechanisms were not clearly identified. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether the decreased AChE activity was related to oxidative stress by observing AChE activity in different grades of sepsis induced by caecal ligation and puncture (CLP). At 24 h after surgery, an assay of thiobarbituric acid reactive species (TBARS) and protein carbonyls, as well as the myeloperoxidase (MPO), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) activity, was conducted. AChE activity was measured by biochemical and histological detection. AChE and CAT activity in the diaphragm decreased, while the contents of TBARS and protein carbonyls, the activity of MPO and SOD, and the SOD/CAT ratios increased. The above changes were much more significant in the mid-grade septic group than in the low-grade septic group. The colour of the AChE activity staining at the NMJ gradually lightened from the sham surgery group to the mid-grade septic group. AChE activity was significantly negatively correlated with the levels of TBARS and protein carbonyls. We consider that oxidative stress might be responsible for decreased AChE activity in the diaphragms of rats induced with sepsis.

scholarly journals Hepatoprotective Effect of Citrus limon Fruit Extract against Carbofuran Induced Toxicity in Wistar Rats

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunil Kumar Jaiswal ◽  
Vivek K. Gupta ◽  
Nikhat J. Siddiqi ◽  
Ravi S. Pandey ◽  
Bechan Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Acetylcholinesterase Activity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Citrus Limon ◽  
Fruit Extract ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
Pesticide Stress ◽  
Ameliorative Effect ◽  
Redox Molecules ◽  
Hepatic Markers

Carbofuran (2,3-dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-7-benzofuranol methylcarbamate), is known to induce oxidative stress and to cause inhibition of acetylcholinesterase activity. The present work was envisaged to evaluate the effect of carbofuran on redox indices and its interactions with hepatic markers in rat. The ameliorating effect of Citrus limon fruit extract on carbofuran induced toxicity was also monitored. The results indicated that carbofuran treatment caused significant alterations in the levels of activities of AST, ALT, and LDH in liver tissues and serum. The levels of enzymatic oxidative stress markers such as SOD and catalase and nonenzymatic redox molecules such as total thiol, GSH, and protein thiol also showed significant perturbations in rat liver due to carbofuran treatment. The administration of Citrus limon fruit extract, however, was able to markedly ameliorate the toxicity of carbofuran by protecting the levels of aforesaid biomarkers to near normal levels. The ameliorative effect of Citrus limon fruit extract may be due to the presence of different antioxidants in it which may neutralize the ROS and RNS generated in the body tissue due to pesticide stress. These results suggested that Citrus limon fruit extract may be utilized as a potential supplement in proper management of pesticide intoxication in association with relevant therapeutics.

scholarly journals Social State Influences Memory in Novel Object Recognition Test Through Oxidative Stress Balance in Male Rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamidreza Famitafreshi ◽  
Morteza Karimian
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Object Recognition ◽  
Recognition Test ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Novel Object Recognition ◽  
Object Recognition Test ◽  
Novel Object ◽  
Novel Object Recognition Test ◽  
Nitrite Nitrate

Objective:Social isolation is associated with adverse effects on brain functions. According to previous studies, the reduction of oxidative stress improves cognitive functions. Memory performance is dependent on hippocampus and prefrontal function. The aim of this study is to show that impairment of memory in object recognition test in isolation state is accompanied by deregulation of oxidative stress balance in related areas.Methods and Materials:In this study, 14 male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into two groups as follows: social and isolation. Socialization and isolation plus one week of acclimatization occurred for fourteen days. At the end of the study, after performing behavioral test, (novel object recognition test) rats were anesthetized and sacrificed. After preparation of tissues in controlled condition, oxidative stress status in hippocampus and prefrontal cortex for Malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione and nitrite/nitrate was assessed.Results:MDA in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex was higher in isolated rats compared to social rats. Glutathione and nitrite/nitrate in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex were lower in isolated rats compared to social rats. Memory performance in novel object recognition test both in short term and long term was better in social rats.Conclusion:Memory performance in novel object recognition test is influenced by social and oxidative stress status. So improving memory is possible through socialization and improvement of antioxidant status.

Neuronal degeneration and oxidative stress in the SNc of 6-OHDA intoxicated rats; improving role of silymarin long-term treatment

2020 ◽  
Vol 393 (12) ◽  
pp. 2427-2437 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rasool Haddadi ◽  
Shahla Eyvari-Brooshghalan ◽  
Alireza Mohajjel Nayebi ◽  
Mohammadmahdi Sabahi ◽  
Sara Ami Ahmadi
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Neuronal Degeneration ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
Long Term Treatment ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

scholarly journals Protective Effect of Quercetin on Chloroquine-Induced Oxidative Stress and Hepatotoxicity in Mice

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shrawan Kumar Mishra ◽  
Prabhat Singh ◽  
Srikanta Kumar Rath
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Prophylactic Treatment ◽  
Liver Toxicity ◽  
Specific Pattern ◽  
The Body ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Antimalarial Therapy ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

The present study was aimed to find out the protective effect of quercetin on hepatotoxicity resulting by commonly used antimalarial drug chloroquine (CQ). Swiss albino mice were administered with different amounts of CQ ranging from human therapeutic equivalent of 360 mg/kg body wt. to as high as 2000 mg/kg body wt. We observed statistically significant generation of reactive oxygen species, liver toxicity, and oxidative stress. Our observation of alterations in biochemical parameters was strongly supported by real-time PCR measurement of mRNA expression of key biochemical enzymes involved in hepatic toxicity and oxidative stress. However, the observed hepatotoxicity and accompanying oxidative stress following CQ administration show dose specific pattern with little or apparently no effect at therapeutic dose while having severe effects at higher dosages. We further tested quercetin, an antioxidant flavanoid, against CQ-induced hepatoxicity and found encouraging results as quercetin was able to drastically reduce the oxidative stress and hepatotoxicity resulting at higher dosages of CQ administration. In conclusion, our study strongly suggests co administration of antioxidant flavonoid like quercetin along with CQ for antimalarial therapy. This is particularly important when CQ is administered as long-term prophylactic treatment for malaria as chronic exposure has shown to be resulting in higher dose level of drug in the body.

scholarly journals Assessment of sperm production and reproductive organs of Wistar rats to long-term exposure of Caesalpinia ferrea

2010 ◽  
Vol 82 (4) ◽  
pp. 907-914 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leda M.F. Lucinda ◽  
Camila B. Rocha ◽  
Maycon M. Reboredo ◽  
Vinícius C. Faria ◽  
Rita C.S. Sá
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive System ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Wistar Rat ◽  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
The Body ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Sperm Production ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
The Right

Caesalpinia ferrea Mart (Leguminosae) is a medicinal plant used to treat diabetes, among other therapeutic properties, but which is also reported to have hepatotoxic effects. Although it contains substances such as flavonoids and coumarin, which are known to have antifertility activity, no studies have apparently been conducted to evaluate the potential adverse side effects of this plant on the function of the reproductive system after a chronic treatment. Therefore, this investigation was carried out to evaluate the effect and safety of the long-term exposure to C. ferrea on male Wistar rats' vital organs, reproductive system and sperm production. Adult and immature male rats were treated with an aqueous extract of C. ferrea at a dose level of 300 mg/kg of body weight, administered during one or two spermatogenic cycles of this species. The reproductive and vital organs were analyzed, and sperm was collected from the epididymal secretion of the right epididymis cauda. The long-term administration of C. ferrea did not significantly alter the body, vital and reproductive organs weights. Gamete production was not affected either. The chronic assessment of C. ferrea suggests that this plant does not affect the normal functioning of the Wistar rat reproductive system.

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