hepatic markers
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2021 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asma Saidi ◽  
Leila Hambaba ◽  
Burak Kucuk ◽  
Ercan Cacan ◽  
Ramazan Erenler

Objective: Ruta tuberculata forssk. (Rutaceae) is an aromatic plants widely used in Algerian traditionally medicine due to its pharmaceutical virtues against various disorders. This study aims to determine the phenolic profile of aqueous (RAE) and methanol (RME) extracts of R. tuberculata aerial parts and to investigate their acute oral toxicity, as well as their possible antiproliferative and hepatoprotective effects. Methods: Polyphenols were identified by quantitative LC-MS/MS analysis. Oral acute toxicity was performed according to OCDE guidelines. The hepatoprotective activity was evaluated by paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity and supported by biochemical and histological analysis of liver and kidneys. The antiproliferative activity against human colorectal HT-29 and ovarian OV2008 cancer cell lines was determined using SRB assay. Results: LC-MS/MS analysis revealed that RME has higher phenols and flavonoids content than RAE, however, it’s major identified flavonoids namely Kaempferol, rutin and naringenin. R. tuberculata seems mildly toxic at several doses, with oral LD50 greater than 5000 mg/kg. the significant increase in hepatic markers enzymes activities as well as cholesterol, triglycerides and glycemia levels, caused by PCM-administration, was potentially reduced following the co-treatments with vitamin C and RME, respectively, compared to RAE. Moreover, RME-treatment markedly prevented all histological changes. Compared to RAE, RME (100 μg/mL) exhibited excellent antiproliferative activity against both tested cancer lines (% inhibition ≥ 80 %). Conclusion: Both R. tuberculata extracts (200 mg/kg/daily) were non-toxic and exerted a potential hepatoprotective effect against PCM-induced hepatotoxicity. Accordingly, RME may be considered a good candidate for the development of new therapies against colorectal and ovarian cancers.


Author(s):  
Sunil Mistry

Sida cordata (Burn. f.) Borss. Waalk is highly distributed in entire part of India. The various parts of the plant are used in folklore medicine for the management of multiple diseases.  So,the present study was performed to examine the  hepatoprotective activity study of ethanolic extract of S. cordata leaves (SCLE) on alcohol mediated  hepatotoxicity in a rat model. Ethanol intoxicated rats showed noteworthy elevation of liver weight and volume. Further, ethanol insulted rats also showed significant elevation in the level of biochemical markers such as AST, ALT, TG, TB, and DB) and marked variation in the histological structure of liver. Oral administration of SCLE at the dose of 200 and 400 mg/kg for 30 days) significantly reduced the liver weight, hepatic markers level and restored the histological changes annoyed by ethanol thus indicating its hepatoprotective potential. Furthermore, HPTLC analysis was performed for the identification and quality estimation of S. cordata leaves.


2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 1415-1421
Author(s):  
Aithamraju Satish Chandra ◽  
Shanmugapandiyan P

The current study was undertaken to evaluate the preclinical efficacy of methanolic extract of Tagetes erecta (METE) and methanolic extract of Tridax procumbens (METP) against Isoniazid and Rifampicin (INH-RIF) induced hepatic injury. Animals were randomly divided into seven groups, vehicle (control) or INH-RIF (50 mg/kg, i.p.), METE (200 and 400mg/kg, p.o.), METP (200 and 400mg/kg, p.o.) and standard silymarin for 28 days. INH-RIF intoxicated rats displayed significant (p<0.05) elevation in serum hepatic markers, lipid peroxidation and decrease in antioxidants like SOD, CAT, Gpx and GSH in liver tissue. Treatment with METE & METP (200 and 400 mg/kg, p.o.) restored the altered biochemical level to normalcy. Thus, the outcome of the study reveals that METE & METP showed promising hepatoprotective activity in INH-RIF induced hepatic damage mediated by its membrane stabilizing and antioxidant effect. All the methanolic plant extracts produce significant hepatoprotective activity against drug induced hepatic injury.


2021 ◽  
pp. 129366
Author(s):  
Roberto Stella ◽  
Davide Bovo ◽  
Eleonora Mastrorilli ◽  
Elisabetta Manuali ◽  
Marzia Pezzolato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  

Author(s):  
Mary P Moore ◽  
Rory P Cunningham ◽  
Rachel A. H. Davis ◽  
Sarah E. Deemer ◽  
Brandon M. Roberts ◽  
...  

Nutritional ketosis as a therapeutic tool has extended to the treatment of metabolic diseases including - obesity, type 2 diabetes and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. The purpose of this study was to determine whether dietary administration of the ketone ester (KE), R,S-1,3-butanediol diacetoacetate (BD-AcAc2), attenuates markers of hepatic stellate cell (HSC) activation and hepatic fibrosis in the context of high fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity. Six-week-old male C57BL/6J mice were placed on a 10-week ad libitum HFD (45% FAT, 32% CHO, 23% PRO). Mice were then randomized to 1 of 3 groups (n = 10 per group) for an additional 12 weeks: 1) control (CON), continuous HFD, 2) pair-fed (PF) to KE; and 3) KE (HFD+30% energy from BD-AcAc2, KE). KE feeding significantly reduced histological steatosis, inflammation and total NAFLD activity score vs CON, beyond improvements observed for calorie restriction alone (PF). Dietary KE supplementation also reduced the protein content and gene expression of pro-fibrotic markers (α-SMA, Col1a1, PDGF-β, MMP9) vs CON (p<0.05), beyond reductions observed for PF vs CON. Furthermore, KE feeding increased hepatic markers of anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages (CD163) and also reduced pro-inflammatory markers (TRAIL and CCN1) vs CON and PF (p ≤ 0.05), in the absence of changes in markers of total hepatic macrophage content (F4/80 and CD68; p > 0.05). These data highlight that the dietary ketone ester, BD-AcAc2, ameliorates histological NAFLD and inflammation and reduces pro-fibrotic and pro-inflammatory markers. Future studies to further explore potential mechanisms are warranted.


PIG-BREEDING ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 27-32
Author(s):  
ENGASHEV S.V. ◽  
◽  
ABRAMOV V.E. ◽  
SAVINKOV A.V. ◽  
BORISOV S.S. ◽  
...  

The article considers the effect of the FITODOC® Carnitine feed additive on the clinical characteristics, hematological and biochemical parameters of piglets during the rearing period and fattening pigs with toxic liver dystrophy at a dose of 1 ml and 2 ml per liter of water. There was a reduction in the time of disappearance of clinical manifestations and an increase in body weight; an antianemic effect was noted, which is expressed by an increase in the number of red blood cells and the level of hemoglobin; a decrease in the level of hepatic markers, such as total bilirubin, AlAT, AsAT, and ALP; a decrease in the activity of acute-phase globulins alpha 1 and 2. It is recommended to use the feed additive mainly in groups of growing animals with functional liver disorders at a dose of 1 ml of feed additive per 1 liter of water for 14 days, since at this dosage the maximum effect is achieved in animals of this age group.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adeoye Waheed Saka ◽  
Busuyi David Kehinde ◽  
Adebola Olayemi Akintola ◽  
Samuel Seyi Oyekanmi ◽  
Ajoke Esther Oyewande ◽  
...  

Abstract Background: The excessive use of alcohol can lead to alcohol liver damage. However, natural compounds such as honey and kolanut have been investigated to have hepatoprotective activities against liver damage. Objectives: The possible protective effects of aqueous extract of kolanut and honey and the combination of both on alcohol induced hepatotoxicity of male rats were investigated.Materials and Methods: The rats were randomly divided into five equal groups (n=6). Group A was allowed access to water; Group B received ethanol (45% at 3g/kg) once for 21 days, Group C, D and E received alcohol an hour before treated with 50mg/kg of Cola nitida, 2.5g/kg of honey and combination of both respectively. Histopathological analysis and measurement of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate amino transferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), malondialdehyde (MDA) and catalase (CAT).Results: Administration of ethanol (45%) at 3g/kg to rats resulted in significant (P < 0.05) increase in the activities of hepatic markers enzymes (ALT, AST, ALP) as compared with control. Pretreatment of rats with kolanut (50 mg/kg) and honey (2.5g/kg) separately caused significant reduction in ALT, AST and ALP activities while pretreatment with combination of both was not better than the decrease observed when pretreated separately as compared to alcohol-induced group. Conversely, the results of oxidative stress and histological findings took a different pattern in all the pretreated groups.Conclusion: The result showed that the combination of honey and kolanut does not work synergistically in alcohol-induced hepatic damage.


2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1660-1660
Author(s):  
Allison McKay ◽  
Sina Gallo ◽  
Daisy Posada ◽  
Jennifer Fields ◽  
Robyn Mehlenbeck ◽  
...  

Abstract Objectives To compare cardiometabolic biomarkers between age and sex-matched pairs of overweight/obese and healthy weight elementary-school aged Latino children. Methods This was a case-control study in which cases, who were participating in a culturally-adapted pediatric weight management program targeting overweight/obese (BMI-for-age ≥85th percentile) Latino children, were age- and sex-matched to healthy weight (BMI-for-age between 5–85th percentile) Latino children from the same community. Following an overnight fast, a venous blood sample was collected from participants and stored at −80°C for future batch analysis of the following: glycemic markers (insulin; hemoglobin A1C; glucose) for the calculation of HOMA-IR, lipids (total cholesterol; triglycerides; low-density and high-density lipoprotein [HDL]), hepatic markers (aspartate aminotransferase [AST]; alanine aminotransferase [ALT]), and the inflammatory marker C-reactive protein. Due to the limited sample size, a Mann Whitney U test was used to identify differences between groups and an alpha of 0.05 was used as the cutoff for significance. Results A total of 13 pairs of case and control children participated in this study (46% male), median age 6.5 years (range, 5.3–9.6), and BMI-for age Z-score was 2.4 for cases and −0.2 for controls. When compared to controls, the median values were significantly higher for insulin (P = 0.003), hemoglobin A1C (P = 0.002), HOMA-IR (P = 0.003), triglycerides (P = 0.023) and C-reactive protein (P &lt; 0.001) but, lower for HDL (P = 0.002). Hepatic markers were similar between groups. Conclusions Latino children are at heightened risk for obesity and associated co-morbidities although, there are limited studies describing metabolic and hepatic biomarkers among young Latino children. Compared to age- and sex-matched healthy weight children, differences among cardiometabolic biomarkers were noted. Hence, suggesting some analytes may be more sensitive to excess weight and thus more useful to track in response to treatment among this population. Funding Sources George Mason University, Potomac Health Foundation.


2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (10) ◽  
pp. 3644
Author(s):  
Marie-Noëlle Labour ◽  
Camile Le Guilcher ◽  
Rachida Aid-Launais ◽  
Nour El Samad ◽  
Soraya Lanouar ◽  
...  

Organoids production is a key tool for in vitro studies of physiopathological conditions, drug-induced toxicity assays, and for a potential use in regenerative medicine. Hence, it prompted studies on hepatic organoids and liver regeneration. Numerous attempts to produce hepatic constructs had often limited success due to a lack of viability or functionality. Moreover, most products could not be translated for clinical studies. The aim of this study was to develop functional and viable hepatic constructs using a 3D porous scaffold with an adjustable structure, devoid of any animal component, that could also be used as an in vivo implantable system. We used a combination of pharmaceutical grade pullulan and dextran with different porogen formulations to form crosslinked scaffolds with macroporosity ranging from 30 µm to several hundreds of microns. Polysaccharide scaffolds were easy to prepare and to handle, and allowed confocal observations thanks to their transparency. A simple seeding method allowed a rapid impregnation of the scaffolds with HepG2 cells and a homogeneous cell distribution within the scaffolds. Cells were viable over seven days and form spheroids of various geometries and sizes. Cells in 3D express hepatic markers albumin, HNF4α and CYP3A4, start to polarize and were sensitive to acetaminophen in a concentration-dependant manner. Therefore, this study depicts a proof of concept for organoid production in 3D scaffolds that could be prepared under GMP conditions for reliable drug-induced toxicity studies and for liver tissue engineering.


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