New Approaches in Biological Wastewater Treatment Aimed at Removal of Organic Matter and Nutrients

Abstract The article presents the developed anaerobic-aerobic wastewater treatment technologies. These technologies aimed at removing the organic matter, nitrogen and phosphorus by means of microorganisms immobilized on fibrous carrier surfaces. The results of the laboratory research show the high efficiency of milk wastewater treatment. The following degrees of reduction were achieved for the pollutant indicators: COD -86.7-93 %, total nitrogen - 96.9-97.9 %. Compared to the traditional treatment technologies applied in Ukraine, these values are high. The concentration of organic matters and biomass of not attached bacteria decreased in bioreactor chambers. When the purification process ends, a small amount of excess biomass remains; therefore, its self-oxidation and self-regulation occurs as a result of consumption by the organisms occupying higher levels of trophic chains. The use of anaerobic-aerobic bioreactors system for the treatment of wastewater enables achieving high outflow quality and prevents the suspended substances from slipping. Immobilization of microorganisms on the first stage of the technology prevents the formation of big amount of excessive sludge and removes biomass from the bioreactor, which allows the technology even for the heavily polluted wastewater. In reactors containing immobilized microorganisms, the organic matter compounds used in subsequent reactors for phosphate accumulation are split. The presented biotechnology saves electric energy, provides sufficient quality of treatment, and ensure the compliance of treated wastewater with the effluent standards.

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EVALUATION OF EFFICIENCY OF TREATMENT FACILITIES CITIES OF TERNOPIL BY THE COMPLEX OF HYDROCHEMICAL PARAMETERS OF THE RIVER SERET

Bulletin of Lviv State University of Life Safety ◽

10.32447/20784643.21.2020.11 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 21 ◽

pp. 94-101

Author(s):

V. Pashnyuk ◽

O. Myakush ◽

L. Sysa

Keyword(s):

Wastewater Treatment ◽

Sewage Treatment ◽

Poor Performance ◽

Treated Wastewater ◽

Laboratory Research ◽

Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽

Hydrochemical Parameters ◽

Sewage Treatment Plants ◽

Treatment Facilities ◽

The City

Introduction. The quality of wastewater treatment in settlements is an important task of our time. To assess the efficiency of treatment plants in a particular city often use the hydrochemical parameters of the reservoir into which the treated wastewater is discharged. The paper describes the modern sewerage system of the city of Ternopil and the technological process of operation of citywide sewage treatment plants (STP). The purpose of the work is to find out how effectively the Ternopil STP work and whether their activity poses a danger to the Seret River and the inhabitants of coastal settlements. Methods. Hydrochemical parameters of these water samples were studied in the laboratory according to appropriate regulatory methods. Potentiometric, gravimetric, photometric and other methods of chemical analysis were used for research. Results of the research. 2 samples of water from the river Seret were taken for laboratory research. One sample was taken upstream near the outlet of the drain pipes of these structures, the second sample - downstream. Based on the obtained numerical results of the analyzes, the efficiency of the city's treatment facilities was assessed. It is shown that the overall water quality in the Seret River downstream after the discharge of the city's wastewater treatment plants is satisfactory. The levels of nitrates and phosphates in the studied samples are almost on the border of the MPC, but this is not necessarily due to the poor performance of the city's treatment facilities. There are many agricultural lands on the banks of the river, which often use nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers. Significant exceeding of the limit value for chemical oxygen consumption can be explained by the warm season (September). At this time, a lot of biological organic matter has accumulated in natural reservoirs. Conclusions. As a result of researches it is established that treatment facil-ities of the city of Ternopil work in a regular mode and provide sufficient sewage treatment. According to open sources, the annual dynamics of the mentioned treatment facilities is shown. As a result, it has been found that since 2017, the efficiency of the city's wastewater treatment at sewage treatment plants remains stable. Such indicators testify to the sufficient efficiency of the treatment facilities of the Ternopilvodokanal utility company.

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Analysis of eutrophication potential of municipal wastewater

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.2020.254 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 81 (9) ◽

pp. 1994-2003

Author(s):

M. Preisner ◽

E. Neverova-Dziopak ◽

Z. Kowalewski

Keyword(s):

Wastewater Treatment ◽

Municipal Wastewater ◽

Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽

The United States ◽

Treated Wastewater ◽

Nutrient Loads ◽

Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽

Eutrophication Potential ◽

Wastewater Quality ◽

Treatment Technologies

Abstract One of the main factors of the increased eutrophication level of surface waters is the high anthropogenic loads of biogenic substances discharged into water bodies. Municipal wastewaters, containing large amounts of nitrogen and phosphorus play one of the key roles in the acceleration of eutrophication intensity. The main direction in the prevention of eutrophication caused by wastewater discharge has become the reduction of nutrient loads introduced to wastewater receivers in accordance with strict legal requirements achievable only in advanced technologies. The treated wastewater quality standards are actually developed for total nitrogen and total phosphorus content, disregarding the fact that eutrophication potential of treated wastewater is determined by the content of non-organic nutrient forms directly bioavailable for water vegetation. That is why the currently used energy-consuming and expensive technologies do not always guarantee effective protection against eutrophication and its consequences. The goal of the study was to analyze the most widely used wastewater treatment technologies for enhanced biological nutrients removal in treated wastewater eutrophication potential. For this purpose, an analysis of the operation of 18 wastewater treatment plants based on different technologies in Finland, Canada, Poland, Russia and the United States was realized. The analysis concluded that the eutrophication potential of treated wastewater to a large extent is conditioned by the applied technology. The results of the research concluded that the eutrophication potential can serve an important criterion for decision-making regarding the proper selection of wastewater treatment technologies aimed at eutrophication mitigation.

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Experimental procedures characterizing transformations of wastewater organic matter in the Emscher river, Germany

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.1995.0233 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 31 (7) ◽

pp. 201-212 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

H. Løkkegaard Bjerre ◽

T. Hvitved-Jacobsen ◽

B. Teichgräber ◽

D. te Heesen

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Wastewater Treatment ◽

Treatment Plant ◽

Subsequent Treatment ◽

Treated Wastewater ◽

Batch Reactors ◽

River Rhine ◽

Quality Changes ◽

Ruhr District ◽

Wastewater Quality

The Emscher river in the Ruhr district, Germany, is at present acting as a large wastewater collector receiving untreated and mechanically treated wastewater. Before the Emscher flows into the river Rhine, treatment takes place in a biological wastewater treatment plant. The transformations of the organic matter in the Emscher affect the river catchment, the subsequent treatment and the river quality. This paper focuses on evaluation of methods for quantification of the microbial transformations of wastewater in the Emscher with emphasis on characterization of wastewater quality changes in terms of biodegradability of organic matter and viable biomass. The characterization is based on methods taken from the activated sludge process in wastewater treatment. Methods were evaluated on the basis of laboratory investigations of water samples from the Emscher. Incubation in batch reactors under aerobic, anoxic and anaerobic conditions were made and a case study was performed. The methods described will be used in an intensive study of wastewater transformations in the Emscher river. This study will be a basis for future investigations of wastewater quality changes in the Emscher.

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Study on Mechanism of Removing the Organic Matter in Heavy Oil Sewage by the Electric Flocculation Method

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.535-537.2201 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 535-537 ◽

pp. 2201-2208

Author(s):

Yong Wang ◽

Jie Nian Jie ◽

Zhi Yong Li ◽

Li Guo Wang ◽

Jiang Wu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Wastewater Treatment ◽

Heavy Oil ◽

Tin Dioxide ◽

Electrochemical Treatment ◽

Oily Wastewater ◽

Treatment Technology ◽

Before And After ◽

Treatment Technologies ◽

Oily Wastewater Treatment

Oily sewage is one of the wastes produced in the oil industry production process and its quantity has been increasing year by year, which influences the environment and human health severely. Electric flocculation method is one of the wide application electrochemical treatment technologies for the oily wastewater treatment at home and abroad, which has higher efficiency than other technologies at the aspect of the organic pollutants degradation. A simulative experiment device dealing with heavy oil sewage by the electric flocculation method has been designed in this paper. The mechanism of the electric flocculation method in removing organic matter of the heavy oil sewage by analyzing the change of the composition and content of the organic matter in water samples before and after the process of the electric flocculation has been studied. Research results show: the carbon/tin dioxide electrode is better than the carbon/ ruthenium dioxide electrode in removing organic matter; most alkanes matters in the oily wastewater have been removed in the dispersing oil form by the electric flocculation; as the current density increases, the types and quantity of the response organic matter can be improved while types of the new synthetic organics increase. At the same time, this paper provides a theory support in specific optimization of the electricity flocculation flotation in oily wastewater treatment technology and process.

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Efficiency of municipal wastewater treatment with membrane bioreactor

Journal of Water and Land Development ◽

10.2478/jwld-2019-0026 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 41 (1) ◽

pp. 47-54

Author(s):

Magdalena Domańska ◽

Anna Boral ◽

Kamila Hamal ◽

Magdalena Kuśnierz ◽

Janusz Łomotowski ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Wastewater Treatment ◽

Membrane Filtration ◽

Municipal Wastewater ◽

High Efficiency ◽

Biological Membrane ◽

Treatment Plant ◽

Membrane Reactors ◽

Quality Analysis ◽

Treated Wastewater ◽

Municipal Wastewater Treatment

AbstractThe increasingly stringent requirements for wastewater treatment enforce the adoption of technologies that reduce pollution and minimize waste production. By combining the typical activated sludge process with membrane filtration, biological membrane reactors (MBR) offer great technological potential in this respect. The paper presents the principles and effectiveness of using an MBR at the Głogów Małopolski operation. Physicochemical tests of raw and treated wastewater as well as microscopic analyses with the use of the FISH (fluorescence in situ hybridization) method were carried out. Moreover, the level of electric energy consumption during the operation of the wastewater treatment plant and problems related to fouling were also discussed. A wastewater quality analysis confirmed the high efficiency of removing organic impurities (on average 96% in case of BOD5 and 94% in case of COD) and suspension (on average 93%).

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Towards a sustainable approach to wastewater treatment strategy for eutrophication abatement

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/20184500056 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 45 ◽

pp. 00056 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Elena Neverova-Dziopak

Keyword(s):

Wastewater Treatment ◽

Aquatic Ecosystems ◽

Aquatic Vegetation ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Point Of View ◽

Negative Effects ◽

Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽

Economic Point ◽

The Public ◽

Treatment Technologies

Eutrophication is one of the consequences of the negative anthropogenic impact on aquatic ecosystems. It leads to the degradation of both sweet and marine ecosystems, constituting a kind of secondary pollution of waters, which disturbs all types of their use. Undertakings related to preventing the negative effects of eutrophication are mainly conducted towards reducing the loads of nutrients introduced into surface waters and controlling the entire conditions in aquatic ecosystems in order to limit the development of aquatic vegetation. The increasingly restrictive legal requirement regarding the content of nitrogen and phosphorus in wastewater discharged into recipients enforces the application of expensive treatment technologies, and the public is becoming more aware of the rising costs of water and wastewater fees. In addition, wastewater treatment is a factor which has a negative impact on air quality due to greenhouse gas emissions and generates other environmental problems. The challenge for facilities, however, is determining which treatment alternatives will best meet their needs, both technically and financially, and to choose the most sustainable path. The problem of establishing a reasonable level of nutrient removal from wastewater, justified from an ecological and economic point of view is discussed in the paper.

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Reuse of wastewater treated by infiltration percolation

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.1996.0698 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 33 (10-11) ◽

pp. 401-408

Author(s):

Naïla Ouazzani ◽

Khadija Bousselhaj ◽

Younes Abbas

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

High Capacity ◽

Farm Animals ◽

Treated Wastewater ◽

Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽

Mean Values ◽

Fertilizer Value ◽

Effect Of Treatment ◽

Raw Wastewater

The aim of this work was to determine the depuration efficiencies of an infiltration percolation plant to remove organic matter and nutrients (N and P) and to test the effect of treatment by such system on the fertilizer value of wastewater compared to untreated influent and a control (groundwater). Results of investigations carried out over a month of each season showed the high capacity of this depuration system to remove both particulate and dissolved organic matter (TSS 91%, COD 93% and dCOD 89 to 95%) at all season. Nitrogen and phosphorus were more eliminated at winter and summer. At spring they presented a low percent removal efficiency due probably to overloaded influent. Tests consisting in the reuse a raw wastewater (RW), settled wastewater (SW) or completely treated wastewater (FW) for irrigation of (Lolium perenne) plots showed that biomass yield, nutrients (N,P) exported by plants and protein amount in the plants tissue decreased from plots irrigated by (RW) to completely treated wastewater. But all of them were more important than in the control plants (irrigated by groundwater) and exceeded the mean values reported in literature for meadows plants. The amount of nitrogen and P2O5) applied during the irrigation by wastewater, was equivalent or superior to recommanded dose of fertilizer for meadows. The expected meat or milk production showed a promising potentiality to promove the nutritional quality of farm animals food by using treated wastewater.

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The Use of Organic Coagulants in the Primary Precipitation Process at Wastewater Treatment Plants

Water ◽

10.3390/w12061650 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (6) ◽

pp. 1650 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Krzysztof Czerwionka ◽

Anna Wilinska ◽

Agnieszka Tuszynska

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Wastewater Treatment ◽

Removal Efficiency ◽

Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽

Renewable Energy Sources ◽

Pollutant Removal ◽

Treated Wastewater ◽

Biological Nutrient Removal ◽

Precipitation Process ◽

Primary Precipitation

Measurements for determining the effect of chemically enhanced primary treatment (CEPT) on the efficiency of pollutant removal from wastewater were carried out using conventional inorganic coagulants PIX113 with polymer A110 (Kemipol, Police, Poland) and unconventional cationic organic coagulants Cofloc (Attana, Coalville, UK) C29510 (Kemipol, Police, Poland) and Sedifloc 575 (3F Chimica, Sandrigo, Italy). The average removal efficiency in the 2-h sedimentation process was 46%, 34%, 8%, 12% for the total suspended solids, organic matter (COD), total nitrogen, and total phosphorus, respectively. The use of organic coagulants contributed to 14–81% increase of pollutant removal efficiency. Substantial discrepancies in biological nutrient removal processes were not discovered in two-phase (anaerobic-anoxic) experiments without and with the addition of the organic coagulants. The increase in organic matter removal efficiency as a result of the CEPT process may contribute to a 65–80% increase in biogas production. The conducted research confirms the possibility of using organic coagulants in the primary precipitation process in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in accordance with the principles of maximum energy recovery, thereby promoting renewable energy sources. Additionally, organic coagulants, as opposed to inorganic ones, do not cause a significant increase of chloride and sulfate ion concentrations, which facilitates the use of treated wastewater in the water reuse systems, such as irrigation of agricultural crops.

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Quality of bio-solids produced in a Spanish Wastewater Treatment Plant (Córdoba-Spain) and its use in agronomy along 2000-2019

Brilliant Engineering ◽

10.36937/ben.2020.004.002 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 1 (4) ◽

pp. 9-15

Author(s):

Rafael Marín Galvín

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Organic Matter ◽

Wastewater Treatment ◽

Treatment Plant ◽

The Other ◽

Treated Wastewater ◽

Urban Wastewater ◽

Main Metal ◽

Colony Forming Units

Bio-solids are the final fate of pollution present in urban wastewater, reaching the production of these ones in Spanish WWTPs 701,751 T/year (dates of 2018). Considering that 85% of Spanish bio-solids are used in agronomy, it is important to know characteristics of biosolids there produced, and in this way, we have investigated bio-solids generated in La Golondrina´s WWTP (Córdoba, Spain) along 2000-2019. This WWTP is a conventional facility operated by activated sludges (26.55x106 m3/year treated) which has produced 1.43 kg of bio-solids per m3 of treated wastewater (38.000 T/year). Our results indicated that bio-solids had a dryness over initial mass of 22.3%, and 74.9% of organic matter over dried matter (o.d.m.). At the same time, major components detected in bio-solids were N, P and Ca which levels were 5.0%, 3.5% and 3.7%, respectively. On the other hand, concentration of total metals in bio-solids ranged 13,024 mg/kg o.d.m., being the main metal Fe (11.749 mg/kg o.d.m.) followed by Zn, Cu and Mn, with levels as mg/kg o.d.m. of 463.1, 392.8 and 265.7, respectively. Evolution per year of all the investigated parameters are shown in the paper. Taking into account the use of bio-solids in agronomy, we have evaluated levels of metals limited by the Spanish normative to this respect: thus, the seven metals restricted (Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn, Hg and Cr) exhibited concentration in bio-solids very lower than parametric values established. Moreover, we have estimated the ratios of accumulation of organics and metals from wastewater to bio-solids: thus, organic matter, N and P, were accumulated in bio-solids respectively, 342, 356 and 643 times, and total metals, 2,632 times. Finally, levels of Escherichia coli slightly varied from wastewater to bio-solids: 1.5x108 colony-forming units/L in the first one, and 0.9x108/g (o.d.m.) in the second ones.

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Development of a Two-Stage Treatment Plant for Extensive Nitrogen and Phosphorus Elimination

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.1990.0243 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 22 (7-8) ◽

pp. 171-179 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

G. Bahre ◽

W. Firk ◽

M. Gassen

Keyword(s):

Wastewater Treatment ◽

Wastewater Treatment Plant ◽

Treatment Plant ◽

Pilot Scale ◽

Treated Wastewater ◽

Biological Phosphorus Removal ◽

Process Technology ◽

Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽

Two Stage ◽

Plant Operator

The report describes low-cost development and design of a two-stage wastewater treatment plant for 90,000 PE to achieve the highest possible degree of phosphorus and nitrogen elimination. The receiving water body of the treatment plant is a small watercourse fed almost exclusively by treated wastewater. A significant improvement in the water quality of this watercourse is planned. In particular, the performance of the wastewater treatment plant will need to be enhanced. The plant operator, the Erft River Board, organized a competition to attract solutions for an appropriate development of the plant from several consultants. Apart from embodying the concept of extensive wastewater treatment, designs were expected to preserve the existing infrastructure of the two-stage treatment plant as far as possible. Following selection of the most suitable design, the intended process technology is currently being tested in a pilot-scale plant. Planning envisages advanced wastewater treatment processes, including enhanced biological phosphorus removal, chemical precipitation/flocculation, nitrification and denitrification and combined coagulation/filtration. The pilot-scale investigations are carried out in close co-operation between the water authorities, the plant operators, the consultant, and a university institute of sanitary engineering. The paper presents the design and first results of the pilot-scale investigations in terms of the parameters BOD5, COD, phosphorus, ammonia and nitrate.

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