Aristotelian and/or Nietzschean narratology

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-83
Author(s):  
Antonino Sorci

Abstract Over the years, narratologists have established a unitary view of narrative structure based on the principles of Aristotle’s Poetics. I propose in this essay to describe the general features of an alternative epistemological framework based on a renewed interpretation of Friedrich Nietzsche’s The Birth of Tragedy. Through this analysis, I wish to show how the adoption of the Aristotelian model as a framework for narratological research could have led to neglecting certain fundamental aspects of narrativity that the adoption of a Nietzschean perspective, conversely, would highlight. In particular, I want to emphasize that the abandonment of the Aristotelian perspective in favor of a Nietzschean approach can be extremely useful in order to highlight the über-natural character of so-called “unnatural narratives”. I will test my hypotheses through the analysis of David Foster Wallace’s short story “Mister Squishy” (2004), which represents an emblematic case of “Nietzschean narrative”.

2021 ◽  
Vol 82 (4) ◽  
pp. 31-44
Author(s):  
M. R. Shumarina

The paper attempts to perform philological commenting on one of the most well-known Leonid Andreev’s short stories "Petka at the Dacha". Linguostylistic analysis enabled the author to discuss the specific features of the images of time, space and the characters in their language representation. The system of the conceptual oppositions "non-childhood – childhood", "dirty – clean", "gloomy – light", "dead – alive", "slow – fast", "ignorance – awareness", "existence – life" is the centrepiece of the inner text composition. The description of the boy’s behaviour, his relationships with those around him and the changes in his inner world creates the basic opposition of the two spheres in the protagonist’s life – "childhood" versus "non-childhood". Shifting viewpoints, subjectivation of the author’s speech and the use of imperfect predicates are important for the narrative structure organisation. Studying the key images of the work and comparing the elements which comprise its circular plot structure (the introduction and ending) allow the author to conclude that the ending strikes an optimistic note and generates a life-asserting pathos.


Author(s):  
Oleh Tyshchenko

The article considers performative speech acts (expressives, commissives, wishes, curses, threats, warnings, etc.) and generally exclamatory phraseology in the original and translation in terms of the function of the addressee, the specifics of the communicative situation, the symbolism and pragmatics of the cultural text. Through cultural and semiotic reconstruction of these units, their semantic and grammatical structure and features of motivation in several linguistic cultures were clarified. Collectively, these verbal acts, on the one hand, mark the semiotic structure of the narrative structure of the text, and on the other hand, indicate the idiostyle of a particular author or characterize the speech of the characters and the associated range of emotions (curses, invectives, cries of indignation, dissatisfaction, etc.). Several translated versions of M. Bulgakov’s novel «The Master and Margarita» (in Ukrainian, Polish, Slovak and English) and English translations of M. Kotsyubynsky’s novel «Fata Morgana» and Dovzhenko’s short story «Enchanted Desna» constitute the material for the study. The obtained results are essential for elucidating the specifics of the national conceptual sphere of a certain culture and revealing the types of inter lingual equivalents, idiomatic analogues in the transmission of common ethno-cultural content. This approach can be useful for a new understanding of domestication and adaptation in translation, translation of culturally marked units, onyms, mythological concepts, etc. as a specific translation practices. There was further developed the theory of phatic and performative-expressive speech acts in lingual cultural comprehension.


2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1197-1202
Author(s):  
Mohammed Abdullah Abduldaim Hizabr Alhusami

The aim of this paper is to investigate the issue of intertextuality in the novel Alfirdaws Alyabab (The Waste Paradise) by the female Saudi novelist and short story writer Laila al-Juhani. Intertextuality is a rhetoric and literary technique defined as a textual reference deliberate or subtle to some other texts with a view of drawing more significance to the core text; and hence it is employed by an author to communicate and discuss ideas in a critical style. The narrative structure of Alfirdaws Alyabab (The Waste Paradise) showcases references of religious, literary, historical, and folkloric intertextuality. In analyzing these references, the study follows the intertextual approach. In her novel The Waste Paradise, Laila al-Juhani portrays the suffering of Saudi women who are less tormented by social marginalization than by an inner conflict between openness to Western culture and conformity to cultural heritage. Intertextuality relates to words, texts, or discourses among each other. Moreover, the intertextual relations are subject to reader’s response to the text. The relation of one text with other texts or contexts never reduces the prestige of writing. Therefore, this study, does not diminish the status of the writer or the text; rather, it is in itself a kind of literary creativity. Finally, this paper aims to introduce Saudi writers in general and the female writers in particular to the world literature.


2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 217-220
Author(s):  
Xiuyun Chen

The Chrysanthemums is a short story written by John Steinbeck, a modern American writer. The short story reveals the heroine’s inner pain and spiritual pursuit by taking the chrysanthemums as a central image and clue. The paper aims to analyze the short story based on the perspective of archetypal criticism. It mainly includes three parts: the first one is about archetypes of images and characters, the second part is to analyze the archetype of motif, and the third part is about the archetype of narrative structure.


2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helena Kadmos

Focussing on Elizabeth Strout’s short story cycle, Olive Kitteridge (2008), this article proposes that contemporary collections of interconnected stories open new ways of understanding women’s relational autonomy, and the importance of continuing relationships of interdependence and care. Here, relational autonomy is seen as a framework for shared beliefs that subjects’ situated identities are formed within the context of social relationships and shaped by a complex intersection of social determinants, such as race, class, gender and ethnicity. This discussion proposes that the short story cycle is a particularly productive form for writers interested in exploring how women come to a greater sense of who they are through these relationships – some enduring, others not – as they are experienced through apparently mundane moments in women’s lives. This is partly due to less emphasis on the individual trajectory of an autonomous person, and a greater focus on the shared experiences that shape identities and foster personal growth and collective fulfilment. The article seeks to explore this understanding of the cycle by reflecting on distinctive features of the form – modular narrative structure and narrative openness – seen in Olive Kitteridge, to demonstrate how this mode of storytelling helps make salient women’s relational lives.


2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (65) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Ana Rita Sousa

Resumo: A ficção portuguesa no século XXI parece inclinar-se maioritariamente para as distintas formas que autoriza o romance na pós-modernidade. Por razões de vária ordem, que vão desde a nossa tradição literária à criação de um mercado editorial que fomenta este género, os escritores surgidos após a passagem do milénio e publicados nas grandes casas editoriais portuguesas têm recorrido pouco ao conto. Em contrapartida, o trabalho realizado por editoras independentes tem trazido a lume outros possíveis caminhos para a ficção portuguesa que não desaguam no universo de tendências dominantes do mercado cada vez mais global (carácter mais universal da intriga, inclinação para mobilidade constante das personagens e dos espaços, alusões de natureza livresca, recusa a referências locais ou regionais, etc.). Neste sentido, este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar o contributo de Teatro Vertical, livro de contos de Manuel Alberto Vieira, que em sentido quase oposto às tendências dominantes, permite repensar a potencialidade do conto como género na atualidade, ao mesmo tempo que reconfigura um dos elementos mais problematizados da nossa sociedade: a família. Após uma breve contextualização da subalternização do género na nossa tradição literária, procura analisar-se a estrutura narrativa destes contos – partindo das reflexões de Ricardo Piglia sobre as formas breves –, assim como estudar o modo em que um dos temas dominantes, a família, é evidenciado nas suas complexas mutações através das estruturas mais simples, próprias do conto.Palavras-chave: Manuel Alberto Vieira; conto; narrativa; família; crueldade. Abstract: Portuguese fiction in the 21st century seems to lean mostly towards the different forms that authorize the novel in postmodernity. For various reasons, ranging from our literary tradition to the creation of an editorial market that fosters this genre, writers who emerged after the passing of the millennium and published in the major Portuguese publishing houses have made little use of the short-story.  On the other hand, the work carried out by independent publishers has brought to light other paths for Portuguese fiction that do not lead to the universe of dominant trends in the increasingly global market (a more universal character of intrigue, inclination towards constant mobility of characters and spaces, allusions of a bookish nature, refusal of local or regional references, etc.). In this sense, this work intends to analyze the contribution of Teatro Vertical, a short story book by Manuel Alberto Vieira, which, in an almost opposite sense to the dominant trends, allows us to rethink the potential of the literary short-story as a genre today, while reconfiguring one of the elements most problematized in our society: the family. To this end, this work, after a brief contextualization of the subordination of gender in our literary tradition, seeks to analyze the narrative structure of these short-stories - based on Ricardo Piglia’s reflections on short forms - as well as studying the way in which one of the dominant themes, the family, is evidenced in its complex mutations through the simplest structures, typical of the short-story.Keywords: Manuel Alberto Vieira; short story; narrative; family; cruelty.


2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 361
Author(s):  
Khothibul Umam

This study aims to examine the short story "Ketika Gerimis Jatuh" by Sapardi Djoko Damono. The method used in this research is by the approach of narrative structure and semiotics. Semiotic study with a focus on syntagmatic and paradigmatic analysis can describe the relationship of Rini, gerimis (drizzle), and his family. With a focus on syntagmatic and paradigmatic analysis can be found criticism of the modern lifestyle of parenting in children.


2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 351-372
Author(s):  
Juana Christina von Stein

AbstractThe small oeuvre of Juan Rulfo has triggered myriad interpretations, ranging from a view of the texts as great examples of Latin American magical realism, to a classification of the works as the endpoint of revolutionary literature. The following article investigates the unconventional narrative structure of Rulfo’s texts, which enabled this heterogeneous reception. As will be shown primarily in a close examination of Rulfo’s most famous short story “Luvina”, the Mexican writer’s dominant technique can be described as a continuous combination of ellipsis and recurrence.


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