MAGICAL REALITY IN A. NURI NOVEL “PASSENGER OF HIS DESTINY”

The subject of analysis in the article is a different, magical reality in the novel by the modern Tatar Russian-speaking writer A. Nuri “Passenger of his destiny”, the ways of its creation and functioning at different levels of the artistic organization of the text. The complexity of external and internal boundaries is shown both in the space of the physical objective world, depicted in the novel, and in the consciousness of the protagonist, who is trying to understand the world and the nature of magical reality. If the world of physical reality is meaningful and logically cognizable, then dreams, hallucinations, secret signs become the methods of cognizing another reality. The author examines the influence of the works of Gabriel García Márquez, Miguel Angel Asturias, Salman Rushdie both at the level of macropoetics (the space-belt component of the novel) and at the level of micropoetics (images, episodes, motifs) on the artistic world of the novel. The article shows connections with oriental narrative discourse and fairy-tale imagery. Conclusions are drawn about the connection between the aesthetics of the novel and the aesthetics of magical realism.

PEREMPUAN, ALAM, SILUMAN, DAN TABU DALAM NOVEL BURAK SILUMAN KARYA MOH. AMBRI: TINJAUAN REALISME MAGIS

Women, nature, ghost, and taboo are the main discourses related to magical realism in “Burak Siluman”, a novel by Moh. Ambri. In Burak Siluman, women (the main sign) were connected to the discourse of nature, ghost, and taboo. In it, women represent the suppressed desires of the lower class for wealth, position, honor wrapped in narratives of fascination, search, wandering, misfortune, and a curse. Discourses on the supernatural, half-ghost, and taboo legends in the novel are important traditional realities that are studied and seen by the workings of the concepts of magical realism in the colonial period of the Dutch East Indies. The main problem is: how does the concept of magical realism affect the construction of the world (physical and supernatural), especially related to ghost and taboo narratives in “Burak Siluman”. Thus, the main objective of this research is the interaction of the influence of magical realism on narratives construction related to women, nature, ghost, and taboo. To resolve the issue, the concept of contemporary magical realism is used from a postcolonial perspective. The results of this study is the placement of the "between" space (magic in rational) which is represented in the wandering figure is the core idea of ​​magical realism in “Burak Siluman”.

Reportaż magiczny? Uwagi o "Wszystkich zajęciach Yoirysa Manuela" Adama Kwaśnego

'Wszystkie zajęcia Yoirysa Manuela' [All occupations of Yoirys Manuel] by Adam Kwaśny (2017) is a collection of stories about the inhabitants of the city of Trinidad in Cuba, which can be read as an attempt to look for a new approach in the travel literature and reportage writing. By the use of the techniques typical for magical realism and non-fiction literature at the same time, the work shows the reality of the city from the perspective of its inhabitants, or more precisely: from the perspective of a narrator coming from the outside world, but sharing the beliefs and worldview of the described people.

Joanna Bator w polskim polu literackim

The starting point of the article is locating Joanna Bator in the Polish literary field using Pierre Bourdieu’s methodology, and considering such elements as gender determinants, the author’s attitude towards the media and self-creation, and the time of the prose’s debut. The Nike Prize Bator was awarded in 2013, and not only did enable this author to maintain autonomy in her field, but also led to a change in poetics, i.e. a change in the dominant genre of her novel from magical realism to fairy tale. The article describes the conditions that influenced the transfer of the author by critics from the current of high and award-winning literature to the prose of the medium.

Creating Magical Research: Writing for a Felt Reality in a More-Than-Human World

We work in the ruins of a world that has produced those ruins (Sauvé, 2017; Tsing in The mushroom at the end of the world: On the possibility of life in capitalist ruins. Princeton University Press, 2015), this time often referred to as the Anthropocene, science educators and researchers have been called to break with post-positivism, dualisms, and reductionism to settle on new onto-epistemological grounds (Bazzul and Kayumova,.Educational Philosophy and Theory 48:284–299, 2016; Haraway, D. (2016). Staying with the trouble: Making kin in the Chthulucene. Duke University Press.; Lather & St. Pierre in International Journal of Qualitative Studies in Education 26:629–633, 2013). One promising proposition lies in ontologies of process and epistemologies that expand to encompass affect with new combinations of knowing/experiencing/researching that honor the more-than-human world we need to navigate (Manning, E. (2013). Always more than one: Individuation’s dance. Duke University Press.; Muraca,.Environmental Values 20:375–396, 2011). In this chapter, I will introduce artful writing as inquiry in science education and explain the elements of magical realism that may contribute to works that reverberate with the-more-than-human world of the Anthropocene (Faris, W. (2004). Ordinary enchantments. Vanderbilt University Press.; Manning, E. (2016). The minor gesture. Duke University Press.; (Richardson & St. Pierre in The Sage handbook of qualitative research. Sage, 2005).

A DISCURSIVE STRATEGY TO MAINTAIN THE CULTURAL ISLAM-POLITICAL ISLAM POWER RELATION IN INDONESIA IN TRIWIKROMO’S “LENGTU LENGMUA” (2012)

This study aims to reveal the discursive play of the short story “Lengtu Lengmua” (2012) by Triyanto Triwikromo in maintaining the unequal power relation in Indonesia. The study is carried out on the basis of Norman Fairclough’s Critical Discourse Analysis that elaborates intertextuality theory and social theory of discourse. The research questions are what discourses influence “Lengtu Lengmua”’s celeng construction? and what political interests are supported and legitimized by “Lengtu Lengmua”’s celeng construction? It is a descriptive qualitative study for which data were collected using a note-taking technique. The relationships between data are elucidated by describing how the text of the short story, its production and the interpretation process are connected to the prevailing social conditions in Indonesia. The results show that: (1) “Lengtu Lengmua” represents, manipulates, negates, and transcends the discourse that sees that “celeng is a despicable animal” from the texts of Berburu Celeng (1998), Celeng Dhegleng (1998), and Tak Enteni Keplokmu (2000); and (2) to generate a notion of celeng as a noble animal, “Lengtu Lengmua” also configures the existing discourse conventions, namely conventions that are related to magical realism, Javanese society, children, Islamic shari’ah, and Islamic makrifat. These two results indicate that “Lengtu Lengmua” gives a new meaning to celeng and recontextualizes the celeng, which in previous texts is associated with human greed (i.e. capitalistic and corrupt), in religious issues especially those related to the contradiction between political Islam and cultural Islam. In turn, this discursive play has contributed to the formation of political Islam-cultural Islam power relation in recent years in Indonesia where cultural Islam occupies a dominant position. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap permainan diskursif cerpen “Lengtu Lengmua” (2012) karya Triyanto Triwikromo dalam pemertahanan relasi kuasa yang tidak setara di Indonesia. Kajian dalam penelitian ini mengacu pada Analisis Wacana Kritis dari Norman Fairclough yang mengelaborasi teori intertekstualitas dan teori sosial wacana. Pertanyaan yang ingin dijawab dalam penelitian ini adalah wacana apa yang memengaruhi konstruksi celeng “Lengtu Lengmua” dan kepentingan politik apa yang didukung dan dilegitimasi oleh konstruksi celeng “Lengtu Lengmua”. Kajian ini menggunakan metode penjabaran deskriptif kualitatif dan teknik pengumpulan data simak-catat. Hubungan antardata dikaji melalui deskripsi atau penjelasan bagaimana teks cerpen, proses produksi dan interpretasinya berkaitan dengan kondisi sosial yang melatar belakangi cerita dalam cerpen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) “Lengtu Lengmua” merepresentasikan, memanipulasi, menegasikan, dan melampaui wacana “celeng adalah hewan hina” dari teks Berburu Celeng (1998), Celeng Dhegleng (1998), dan Tak Enteni Keplokmu (2000); (2) “Lengtu Lengmua” juga mengonfigurasikan konvensi-konvensi wacana yang ada untuk menghasilkan konstruksi celeng sebagai hewan mulia, yaitu konvensi wacana realisme magis, masyarakat Jawa, anak-anak, Islam syariat, dan Islam makrifat. Kedua hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa “Lengtu Lengmua” memberikan makna baru atas celeng dan membawa representasi celeng, yang pada teks-teks sebelumnya diidentikkan dengan kerakusan manusia yang kapitalistik dan korup, ke dalam konteks persoalan keagamaan khususnya yang terkait dengan pertentangan antara Islam politik dan Islam kultural. Pada gilirannya, permainan diskursif ini berkontribusi pada pembentukan relasi kuasa Islam politik-Islam kultural pada tahun-tahun terakhir di Indonesia di mana Islam kultural menduduki posisi yang dominan.

The Later Work of Gabriel García Márquez

If the Bolívar novel embodies the collective memory of a region in a manner spare yet ingenious, the novelist’s other major late work tends toward personal memory. In Of Love and Other Demons, García Márquez comes as close to magical realism as in any work since the short stories and One Hundred Years of Solitude and reaffirms the multiracial and Caribbean character of the author’s own definition of Spanish America. In News of a Kidnapping, García Márquez ventures onto the territory of drug cartels and violence, which became the preoccupation of the next generation of Colombian writers, relating this material from the deadpan, appalled stance that is as characteristic of his viewpoint as the mesmeric incantations so commonly associated with him. In Memories of My Melancholy Whores, a late in life moral transformation redeems a lifetime of iniquity and testifies to the strangeness of the new territory of extreme old age, in a sense as unexplored a country as Macondo once was. In Living to Tell the Tale, García Márquez reflects upon the first half of his own life. Unlike in the case of Bolívar, García Márquez did not get to tell the ending of the story, leaving later writers and readers to do so in their own minds, as the great master had done for the General.

García Márquez and Magical Realism

This article focuses on why Gabriel García Márquez’s novel One Hundred Years of Solitude is the ur-magical realist text, which put magical realism on the world literary map. Homi Bhabha’s statement that “ ‘[m]agical realism’ after the Latin American Boom, becomes the literary language of the emergent post-colonial world” confirms the prominence of magical realism in contemporary world fiction. However, during the nearly thirty years since Bhabha’s statement, it has spread beyond the postcolonial arena to encompass “First World” fiction as well, suggesting that García Márquez’s text, and magical realism in general, have revitalized international narrative. Investigating that idea enables discovering its essential characteristics, its lasting appeal, and its salient achievement: challenging (even uprooting) the dominant tradition of realism. While they are often intertwined, such characteristics fall under two basic rubrics: literary style—including magical images presented in meticulous detail as real, the use of hyperbole, distortions of chronological time—and cultural work—integration of ancient indigenous and contemporary culture, communal narrative, and liminality as vital cultural space, among others. In discussing these ideas, the article includes extensive citations from the texts, because the richness and ebullience of García Márquez’s prose is an essential factor in its influence on the growth of worldwide magical realism.

One Hundred Years of Solitude and Its Influence in Japan

The Japanese translation of One Hundred Years of Solitude, published in 1972, was a landmark in Japan’s twentieth-century cultural life. From literature to cinema, from drama to anime film, García Márquez’s masterpiece has been hailed as a source for inspiration or as a professional milestone by leading Japanese creators. Authors such as Kenzaburō Ōe (Nobel laureate, 1994), Natsuki Ikezawa, and Kobo Abe openly acknowledged having undergone literary influence from the Colombian writer, while Haruki Murakami scholars point out how magical realism serves as García Márquez’s tool in depicting multiple explanations for a reality populated by traumatized characters. The subsequent Japanese publication of the near-totality of the Colombian Nobel laureate’s oeuvre, moreover, has helped bring into view a great many coincidences between magical realism and the subject matter and techniques of Japanese literary works produced since the end of the nineteenth century, when Japan ended its voluntary isolation and opened itself up to the West. The imprint of García Márquez on Japanese culture brings out parallels between two distant literary traditions that offer a reality different from that of the European, modifying it with magical or animistic elements. The legacy of GGM in cinema is present above all in the animated films of the Ghibli Studio, which submerge the viewer in a reality so palpable that one is induced to unquestioningly accept extravagant or implausible events.