Detection of complex vascular system in bamboo node by X-ray μCT imaging technique

Holzforschung ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guanyun Peng ◽  
Zehui Jiang ◽  
Xing’e Liu ◽  
Benhua Fei ◽  
Shumin Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vascular System ◽  
3D Visualization ◽  
Final Height ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Vascular Bundles ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
3D Network ◽  
Computed Microtomography ◽  
X Ray Computed

Abstract Bamboo is one of the world’s fastest growing plants. They reach a final height of 15–40 m during a period of 40–120 days. The full height is reached by intercalary growth of each node. However, it is very difficult to detect the complex vascular system in a bamboo node using traditional methods. X-ray computed microtomography (μCT) is a noninvasive novel approach to the three-dimensional (3D) visualization and quantification of biological structures. In the present article, μCT has been applied to provide insights into the internal structure of bamboo node, where three branches are connected. The picture obtained could hardly be obtained by any other means. The bamboo nodal characteristics of three transverse and axial sections are presented. The complex 3D network of vascular bundles has been directly obtained for the first time.

scholarly journals 3D Visualization of Bamboo Node’s Vascular Bundle

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 1799
Author(s):  
Shan Li ◽  
Shumin Yang ◽  
Lili Shang ◽  
Xinge Liu ◽  
Jianfeng Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Bundle ◽  
3D Visualization ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Axial Direction ◽  
Vascular Bundles ◽  
Opposite Pattern ◽  
Water Transportation ◽  
Conducting Tissue ◽  
3D Network ◽  
3D Volume

The vascular bundle is an important structural unit that determines the growth and properties of bamboo. A high-resolution X-ray microtomography (μCT) was used to observe and reconstruct a three-dimensional (3D) morphometry model of the vascular bundle of the Qiongzhuea tumidinoda node due to its advantages of quick, nondestructive, and accurate testing of plant internal structure. The results showed that the morphology of vascular bundles varied significantly in the axial direction. In the cross-section, the number of axial vascular bundles reached a maximum at the lower end of the sheath scar, and the minimum of it was at the middle of the diaphragm. The frequency of axial vascular bundles decreased from the lower end of the node to the nodal ridge, and subsequently increased until the upper end of the bamboo node. The proportion of parenchyma, fibers, and conducting tissue was 65.7%, 30.5%, and 3.8%, respectively. The conducting tissues were intertwined to form a complex 3D network structure, with a connectivity of 94.77%. The conducting tissue with the largest volume accounted for 60.26% of the total volume of the conducting tissue. The 3D-distribution pattern of the conducting tissue of the node and that of the fibers were similar, but their thickness changed in the opposite pattern. This study revealed the 3D morphometry of the conducting tissue and fibers of the bamboo node, the reconstruction of the skeleton made the morphology more intuitive. Quantitative indicators such as the 3D volume, proportion, and connectivity of each type of tissue was obtained, the bamboo node was enlarged mainly caused by the particularly developed fibers. This work laid the foundation for a better understanding of the mechanical properties and water transportation of bamboo and revealed the mystery of bamboo node shedding of Q. tumidinoda.

Investigation of Microcrack Growth in [0/90]s Composite Laminates

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melody A. Verges ◽  
Paul J. Schilling ◽  
Paul D. Herrington ◽  
Arun K. Tatiparthi
Keyword(s):  
Optical Microscopy ◽  
Composite Laminates ◽  
Damage Evolution ◽  
Applied Load ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Computed Microtomography ◽  
X Ray Computed ◽  
Microcrack Growth

Techniques such as optical microscopy and X-radiography have provided useful information regarding damage in composite laminates, particular in therms of microcracking behavior in individual plies. This focuses on the investigation of microcracking and damage evolution in loaded composite laminates via X-ray computed microtomography. The main advantage in the use of such a technique is that damage within the composite can be assessed in three-dimensions without destruction of the composite. In this work, IM7/977–2, IM7/5555, and IM7/5276-1 coupons were uniaxially tested in a tensile substage, Graphs that convey microcracking density information as a function of applied load were created for [0/90/90/0] laminates. The three dimensional geometry and connectivity of microcracks and other damage in these samples were investigated through microtomographic reconstruction.

scholarly journals Preparation, Scanning and Analysis of Duckweed Using X-Ray Computed Microtomography

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dylan H. Jones ◽  
Brian S. Atkinson ◽  
Alexander Ware ◽  
Craig J. Sturrock ◽  
Anthony Bishopp ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Material ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
In Planta ◽  
Plant Structure ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Computed Microtomography ◽  
Preserve Sample ◽  
X Ray Computed ◽  
3D Volume ◽  
And Function

Quantification of anatomical and compositional features underpins both fundamental and applied studies of plant structure and function. Relatively few non-invasive techniques are available for aquatic plants. Traditional methods such as sectioning are low-throughput and provide 2-dimensional information. X-ray Computed Microtomography (μCT) offers a non-destructive method of three dimensional (3D) imaging in planta, but has not been widely used for aquatic species, due to the difficulties in sample preparation and handling. We present a novel sample handling protocol for aquatic plant material developed for μCT imaging, using duckweed plants and turions as exemplars, and compare the method against existing approaches. This technique allows for previously unseen 3D volume analysis of gaseous filled spaces, cell material, and sub-cellular features. The described embedding method, utilizing petrolatum gel for sample mounting, was shown to preserve sample quality during scanning, and to display sufficiently different X-ray attenuation to the plant material to be easily differentiated by image analysis pipelines. We present this technique as an improved method for anatomical structural analysis that provides novel cellular and developmental information.

Endocranial morphology of the petalichthyid placoderm Ellopetalichthys scheii from the Middle Devonian of Arctic Canada, with remarks on the inner ear and neck joint morphology of placoderms

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-104
Author(s):  
Marco Castiello ◽  
Anna Jerve ◽  
Maria Grace Burton ◽  
Matt Friedman ◽  
Martin D. Brazeau
Keyword(s):  
Middle Devonian ◽  
Complex Shape ◽  
Comparative Anatomy ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Sister Group Relationship ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Computed Microtomography ◽  
X Ray Computed ◽  
Joint Morphology

Petalichthyid and “acanthothoracid” placoderms have taken pivotal positions in the debate on placoderm — and, by extension, jawed vertebrate — relationships owing to perceived similarities with certain jawless vertebrates. Neurocranial characters are integral to current hypotheses of early gnathostome relationships. Here, we describe the three-dimensionally preserved neurocranial anatomy of the petalichthyid placoderm Ellopetalichthys scheii (Kiær, 1915), from the Middle Devonian (early Eifelian) of Ellesmere Island, Canada. Using X-ray computed microtomography, we generated three-dimensional reconstructions of the endocranial surfaces, orbital walls, and cranial endocavity. These reconstructions verify the absence of a crus commune of the skeletal labyrinth and the complex shape of the petalichthyid endolympathic duct. Details of the craniothoracic joint and occipital musculature fossae help resolve the problematic comparative anatomy of the occipital surface of petalichthyids. These new data highlight similarities with arthrodire placoderms, consistent with older hypotheses of a sister-group relationship between petalichthyids and that clade.

scholarly journals Three-dimensional imaging of inhomogeneous lithologies using X-ray computed tomography: characterization of drill core from the Borrowdale Volcanic Group

2012 ◽  
Vol 76 (8) ◽  
pp. 2931-2938 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. L. Engelberg ◽  
R. A. D. Pattrick ◽  
C. Wilson ◽  
R. McCrae ◽  
P. J. Withers
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
3D Visualization ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Volcanic Group ◽  
Tomography System ◽  
Thin Sectioning ◽  
Calcite Veins ◽  
X Ray Computed

AbstractX-ray computed tomography augmented by elemental microanalysis has been used to characterize two drill cores from the Borrowdale Volcanic Group, west Cumbria, UK. Information about the three-dimensional (3D) distribution of mineral phases was obtained non-destructively, and regions of interest were extracted for thin sectioning and elemental analysis. This revealed the presence of pyrite and other iron- and iron-titanium-bearing minerals. X-ray computed tomography is a very useful tool for 3D visualization, but the limitations of the tomography system used made it difficult to distinguish between regions with similar compositions, such as the different layers within the calcite veins. Methods by which these limitations might be overcome are briefly discussed.

Three-dimensional analysis of the canal network of an Indonesian Stylaster (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa, Stylasteridae) by means of X-ray computed microtomography

Zoomorphology ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 130 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefania Puce ◽  
Daniela Pica ◽  
Lucia Mancini ◽  
Francesco Brun ◽  
Alessandro Peverelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dimensional Analysis ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Computed Microtomography ◽  
X Ray Computed ◽  
Canal Network

Three-dimensional pore space quantification of apple tissue using X-ray computed microtomography

Planta ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 226 (3) ◽  
pp. 559-570 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Mendoza ◽  
Pieter Verboven ◽  
Hibru K. Mebatsion ◽  
Greet Kerckhofs ◽  
Martine Wevers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pore Space ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Computed Microtomography ◽  
X Ray Computed ◽  
Apple Tissue

scholarly journals Three-dimensional pore structure visualization and characterization of paper using X-ray computed tomography

TAPPI Journal ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (09) ◽  
pp. 519-530 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yves Defrenne ◽  
Vasili Zhdankin ◽  
Sahana Ramanna ◽  
Shri Ramaswamy ◽  
Bandaru Ramarao
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Pore Structure ◽  
3D Visualization ◽  
Complex Structure ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Structure Characterization ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Pore Size Distributions ◽  
X Ray Computed

Porous biomaterials such as paper and board have a complex structure that influences their mechanical, optical, and transport properties and thereby their performance during manufacturing and end uses. Reconstruction of the three-dimensional (3D) pore spaces in paper was obtained by X-ray computed tomography and used to study the structure and its impact on properties. A set of laboratory-made paper samples of varying freeness was prepared, and the 3D structures of the samples were visualized and characterized. Tomographic reconstruction images were processed using techniques such as anisotropic diffusion, minimum error thresholding, and isolated voxel removal to enhance image quality. The pore structures were analyzed to determine porosity, fiber-pore interfacial surface area, geometric tortuosity, and pore size distributions (using a sphere growing algorithm). These properties were compared with experimental data and were found to be in good agreement. The results from 3D visualization and characterization were then compared with experimental data of various samples using conventional pore structure characterization techniques, such as mercury intrusion porosimetry.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document