Dydrogesterone and pre-term birth

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Igor Hudic ◽  
Adolf E. Schindler ◽  
Julia Szekeres-Bartho ◽  
Babill Stray-Pedersen
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Cytokine Production ◽  
Successful Pregnancy ◽  
Term Birth ◽  
Blocking Factor ◽  
Term Delivery ◽  
Immunological Effects ◽  
Maternal Tolerance ◽  
Term Labor ◽  
Over Time

AbstractProgestin supplementation appears to be a promising approach to both preventing initiation of pre-term labor and treating it once it is already established. Successful pregnancy depends on maternal tolerance of the fetal “semi-allograft”. A protein called progesterone-induced blocking factor (PIBF), by inducing a Th2 dominant cytokine production mediates the immunological effects of progesterone. Over time, various attempts have been made to clarify the question, whether progestogens can contribute positively to either prevention or treatment of pre-term labor and birth. Dydrogesterone treatment of women at risk of pre-term delivery results in increased PIBF production and IL-10 concentrations, and lower concentrations of IFNγ and could be effective for prevention or treatment of pre-term labor. Further randomized studies are needed.

Dydrogesterone and the immunology of pregnancy

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Raj Raghupathy ◽  
Julia Szekeres-Bartho
Keyword(s):  
Cytokine Production ◽  
Nk Cell ◽  
Cell Activity ◽  
Nk Cell Activity ◽  
Endocrine Effects ◽  
Successful Pregnancy ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Immunological Effects ◽  
Progesterone Supplementation ◽  
In Pregnancy

AbstractProgesterone is indispensable for the maintenance of pregnancy, both via its endocrine effects and its role in creating a favorable immunological environment for the fetus. This review focuses on the immunological effects of progesterone. Progestogens have been shown to have very interesting effects on cytokine production and decidual natural killer (NK) cell activity. The orally-administered progestogen, dydrogesterone, has the ability to modulate cytokine production patterns in a manner that could be conducive to successful pregnancy. The adverse effects of progesterone deficiency and the beneficial effects of progesterone supplementation in pregnancy pathologies will be discussed.

Yet Another Expert Opinion on Bilirubin Toxicity!

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 89 (5) ◽  
pp. 829-831
Author(s):  
LOIS JOHNSON
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Expert Opinion ◽  
Term Newborn ◽  
New Guidelines ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Bilirubin Toxicity ◽  
Toxic Potential ◽  
Over Time

Drs Newman and Maisels1 have provided valuable new guidelines for management of jaundice in the term newborn which take into account age at discharge from the hospital and some of the factors altering the general risk of bilirubin toxicity. They note that much of the information needed to identify the individual at risk is still unavailable and remind their readers that their "recommendations should be reevaluated periodically as new data become available." I have serious concerns, however, with the second half of their paper which almost completely downplays the toxic potential of bilirubin, its often erratic expression, and its ability to cause a spectrum of damage ranging from frank kernicterus to insults that are so minor as to be compensated for completely over time.2-4

scholarly journals Bahamas National Implementation Project: Proposal for Sustainability of an Evidence-based HIV Prevention Intervention in a School Setting

10.2196/14816 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. e14816
Author(s):  
Bo Wang ◽  
Lynette Deveaux ◽  
Sonja Lunn ◽  
Veronica Dinaj-Koci ◽  
Samiran Ghosh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Hiv Prevention ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Implementation Strategies ◽  
Implementation Fidelity ◽  
Prevention Programs ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
School Based ◽  
National Implementation ◽  
Over Time

Background Sustained implementation of school-based prevention programs is low. Effective strategies are needed to enhance both high-level implementation fidelity and sustainability of prevention programs. Objective This proposed study aims to determine if the provision of either biweekly monitoring and feedback and site-based assistance and mentorship or both to at-risk and moderate-performing teachers with monitoring through an enhanced decision-making platform by the Ministry of Education (MOE) and Ministry of Health (MOH) based on the real-time implementation data will increase national implementation fidelity and result in sustained implementation over time. Methods This study will target government schools including 200 grade 6 teachers in 80 primary schools and 100 junior/middle high school teachers (and their classes) on 12 Bahamian islands. Teacher and school coordinator training will be conducted by the MOE in year 1, followed by an optimization trial among teachers in the capital island. Informed by these results, an implementation intervention will be conducted to train using different levels of educational intensity all at-risk and moderate-performing teachers. Subsequently selected training and implementation strategies will be evaluated for the national implementation of Focus on Youth in the Caribbean and Caribbean Informed Parents and Children Together in years 2 to 5. Results It is hypothesized that a more intensive training and supervision program for at-risk and moderate-performing teachers will enhance their implementation fidelity to the average level of the high-performing group (85%), an HIV prevention program delivered at the national level can be implemented with fidelity in grade 6 and sustained over time (monitored annually), and student outcomes will continue to be highly correlated with implementation fidelity and be sustained over time (assessed annually through grade 9). The proposed study is funded by the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development from August 1, 2018, through May 31, 2023. Conclusions The study will explore several theory-driven implementation strategies to increase sustained teacher implementation fidelity and thereby increase the general public health impact of evidence-based interventions. The proposed project has potential to make significant contributions to advancing school-based HIV prevention research and implementation science and serve as a global model for the Fast Track strategy. International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) PRR1-10.2196/14816

scholarly journals Collision with power lines and electrocutions in birds — an analysis based on Swedish ringing recoveries 1990–2017

Ornis Svecica ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 37-52
Author(s):  
Thord Fransson ◽  
Lina Jansson ◽  
Tuomo Kolehmainen ◽  
Thomas Wenninger
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Natural History ◽  
Power Line ◽  
Power Lines ◽  
Local Power ◽  
Line System ◽  
Underground Cables ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
History Information ◽  
Over Time

Recoveries of birds ringed in Sweden from the period 1990–2017 were used to analyse the occurrence of collisions with power lines and electrocutions. Out of more than 10,000 recoveries of birds found dead with finding circumstances mentioned, 8.6% was associated with power line constructions. The number of species involved was 51 and high proportions were especially evident in some species of owls and raptors. The overall proportion of recoveries caused by collision / electrocution shows a significant decrease over time. A decrease over time in the proportions of electrocution and collision was also evident when analysing finding circumstances in four species where corpses were sent to the Swedish Museum of Natural History. Information about the power line system in Sweden during the period 2007–2016 shows that the length of local power lines has decreased with about 21% during a ten-year period and that underground cables have increased with 28% during the same period. The results show that collisions with power lines have decreased more than electrocutions and this may imply that there are still many places where birds are at risk of being electrocuted.

Stress Reduction in Child-Abusing Families: Global and Specific Measures

1994 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 287-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith Barton ◽  
Christopher Scott Baglio ◽  
Marc T. Braverman
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Stress Reduction ◽  
Home Treatment ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
Home Therapy ◽  
Total Stress ◽  
Therapy Program ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Over Time ◽  
County Services

This study compared in-home treatment to traditional county services for their ability to reduce stress in child-abusing families. 47 families who were at risk for having at least one child removed from the home for child abuse were referred to Families First for an intensive 6-wk., in-home therapy program. A comparison group of 29 families who were also at risk for having at least one child removed for abuse received traditional county services but no in-home therapy. Stress scores used were derived from a factor analysis of the Family Inventory of Life Events and Changes (FILE) that had identified 10 stress factors. The stress data were analyzed by a series of 2 × 2 analyses of variance, group and time being the independent variables and the stress factors the dependent variables. Total stress was significantly reduced over time for both groups, and several specific stress factors were also significantly reduced over time. In secondary analyses, 2 × 3 (group by time) analyses identified interactions for total stress and three of the individual stress factors. In-home treatment was effective in reducing stress, but traditional services were also effective. Some possible explanations were discussed. A major finding was that, by including analyses using the specific stress factors (rather than just the Total Stress score), a much richer understanding of the role stress plays in abusive families is provided. It was concluded that, although global stress may be reduced by different methods, some specific types of stress are more likely to be reduced than others.

scholarly journals Education modulates brain maintenance in presymptomatic frontotemporal dementia

2019 ◽  
Vol 90 (10) ◽  
pp. 1124-1130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Gazzina ◽  
Mario Grassi ◽  
Enrico Premi ◽  
Maura Cosseddu ◽  
Antonella Alberici ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Frontotemporal Dementia ◽  
Grey Matter ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Grey Matter Volume ◽  
Brain Reserve ◽  
Matter Volume ◽  
Brain Maintenance ◽  
Over Time

ObjectiveCognitively engaging lifestyles have been associated with reduced risk of conversion to dementia. Multiple mechanisms have been advocated, including increased brain volumes (ie, brain reserve) and reduced disease progression (ie, brain maintenance). In cross-sectional studies of presymptomatic frontotemporal dementia (FTD), higher education has been related to increased grey matter volume. Here, we examine the effect of education on grey matter loss over time.MethodsTwo-hundred twenty-nine subjects at-risk of carrying a pathogenic mutation leading to FTD underwent longitudinal cognitive assessment and T1-weighted MRI at baseline and at 1 year follow-up. The first principal component score of the graph-Laplacian Principal Component Analysis on 112 grey matter region-of-interest volumes was used to summarise the grey matter volume (GMV). The effects of education on cognitive performances and GMV at baseline and on the change between 1 year follow-up and baseline (slope) were tested by Structural Equation Modelling.ResultsHighly educated at-risk subjects had better cognition and higher grey matter volume at baseline; moreover, higher educational attainment was associated with slower loss of grey matter over time in mutation carriers.ConclusionsThis longitudinal study demonstrates that even in presence of ongoing pathological processes, education may facilitate both brain reserve and brain maintenance in the presymptomatic phase of genetic FTD.

Uptake and trends in ordering of funded hepatitis B immunisation for priority populations in Victoria, Australia, 2013–2014

Sexual Health ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 188
Author(s):  
Jennifer H. MacLachlan ◽  
Benjamin C. Cowie
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Hepatitis B Vaccine ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Department Of Health ◽  
Priority Populations ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Over Time

Background The Department of Health and Human Services in Victoria provides funded hepatitis B vaccine to many priority groups at risk of acquiring infection. We aimed to determine the uptake of vaccine ordering for at-risk groups over time, to assess any trends and identify any gaps in prevention of hepatitis B for those at risk. Methods: Routinely collected administrative data regarding the indication for vaccine ordered by practitioners were analysed for the period June 2013 to December 2014. Number of doses and courses distributed was determined and compared with the estimated size of the priority populations. Results: During the 18-month period assessed, 20 498 doses of funded hepatitis B vaccine were ordered, equating to ~5700 complete courses, with the overall number of orders per quarter increasing between 2013 and 2014. The most common indication was being a household or sexual contact of people living with hepatitis B (2803 courses, 49.2% of the total), equating to approximately one course per new chronic hepatitis B notification. The remaining doses were largely distributed to people living with HIV (648 courses, 11.4%), people living with hepatitis C (621 courses, 10.9%), and people who inject drugs (594 courses, 10.4%). Conclusions: This analysis demonstrates that access to hepatitis B immunisation among priority populations appears to have increased in Victoria during 2013–14, however it could still be improved. Continued assessment of these data over time will be important to measure the impact of interventions on increasing the reach of the funded vaccine program.

Redirection of Cytokine Production By Lymphocytes From Women with Pre-Term Delivery By Dydrogesterone

2007 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raj Raghupathy ◽  
Esraa Al Mutawa ◽  
Ma'asoumah Makhseed ◽  
Majedah Al-Azemi ◽  
Fawaz Azizieh
Keyword(s):  
Cytokine Production ◽  
Term Delivery
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document