scholarly journals Impact of Official Matches on Soccer Referees’ Power Performance

2018 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-140
Author(s):  
Daniel Castillo ◽  
Javier Yanci ◽  
Jesús Cámara
Keyword(s):  
Lower Limb ◽  
Vertical Jump ◽  
Force Production ◽  
Maximum Force ◽  
Half Time ◽  
Power Performance ◽  
Jump Performance ◽  
Flight Phase ◽  
Jump Test ◽  
Time To Stabilization

Abstract The evaluation of match officials’ neuromuscular performance is now an important consideration and the vertical jump test is considered suitable for assessing lower limb power, partly because it is directly related to refereeing. The aim of this study, therefore, was to determine the effect of soccer matches on match officials’ vertical jump performance by assessing various biomechanical variables. Eighteen field referees (FRs) and 36 assistant referees (ARs) who officiated in 18 official matches participated in this study. Before the match, at half time and immediately after the match, officials performed two countermovement jumps. Flight phase time (FT), maximum force production (MFpropulsion), time to production of maximum force (TMFpropulsion), production of maximum power (MP), maximum landing force (MFlanding) and time to stabilization (TTS) were calculated for all jumps. There was a tendency for match officials’ jumping performance to improve after matches than beforehand (FR: effect size (ES) = 0.19 ± 0.36, possibly trivial; AR: ES = 0.07 ± 0.17, likely trivial). There were also likely small and very likely moderate differences between FRs’ MP in pre-match and half-time jumps (ES = 0.46 ± 0.47) and in their pre- and post-match jumps (ES = 0.71 ± 0.48). These results indicate that refereeing soccer matches does not reduce vertical jump performance; the subsequent neuromuscular fatigue is not sufficient to affect landing technique.

scholarly journals Postactivation potentiation improves jumps performance in children ages 6 to 8 years old

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 192-196
Author(s):  
C Gerber ◽  
P Sirieiro ◽  
I Nasser ◽  
C Taber ◽  
H Miranda
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass ◽  
Vertical Jump ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Postactivation Potentiation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Jump Performance ◽  
Jumping Performance ◽  
Jump Test ◽  
Low Load ◽  
Vertical Jumps

Introduction: The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of postactivation potentiation (PAP) in vertical and horizontal jump performance in pre-pubertal children. Material and method: One hundred and nineteen children (65 girls and 54 boys; 6.8 ± 0.7 years old; 124.5 ± 6.4 cm; 25.2 ± 5.1 kg) participated in this study. This was a transversal cross-sectional study which incorporated a within-subjects repeatedmeasures design, where participants completed all protocols. The experimental procedure required four total testing, separated by one week, using a counterbalanced. This study investigated jumping performance associated with weighted jumps, lowload vertical jumps, and horizontal jumps. During two sessions the participants performed vertical jumps with and without PAP, the other two sessions the same procedures were performed for horizontal jumps. The PAP protocol consisted of one set of five weighted countermovement jumps with low-load (10% of body mass) and a rest interval of four minutes prior to the jump tests. Paired t-tests were used between conditions (PAP and control) in the vertical jump and horizontal jump test. In addition, Cohen’s d effect size and 95% confidence interval was used. Results: Significant jump height was observed in the vertical jump in the PAP condition compared to the control condition (p = 0.007). Similar results were observed for the horizontal jump tests, with significant longer distance observed in the PAP condition (p = 0.036). Conclusions: Pre-pubertal children can benefit from the effects of PAP in vertical and horizontal jumping performance when preceded by low-load ballistic movements. A protocol implementing low-loads, determined by a relative percentage of body mass is effective to promote PAP for young children.

scholarly journals Lower-limb Force And Fat-free Mass Asymmetries And Their Relationships To Vertical Jump Performance

2021 ◽  
Vol 53 (8S) ◽  
pp. 140-140
Author(s):  
Lindy M. Rossow ◽  
Jacob M. Fitts ◽  
Christopher A. Fahs ◽  
Victor W. Kizer
Keyword(s):  
Lower Limb ◽  
Vertical Jump ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Jump Performance

scholarly journals Repeated Menthol Mouth Swilling Affects Neither Strength nor Power Performance

Sports ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Russ Best ◽  
Dani Temm ◽  
Holly Hucker ◽  
Kerin McDonald
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Vertical Jump ◽  
Average Power ◽  
Small Degree ◽  
Power Performance ◽  
Mean Power ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Jump Performance ◽  
Experimental Trials ◽  
And Control

This study aimed to assess the effects of repeated menthol mouth swilling upon strength and power performance. Nineteen (10 male) participants completed familiarisation and experimental trials of repeated menthol mouth swilling (0.1% concentration) or control (no swill) in a randomised crossover design. Participants performed an isometric mid-thigh pull (IMTP; peak and mean force; N), vertical jump (peak; cm) and six second sprint (peak and mean power; W) under each condition. Participants completed three efforts per exercise task interspersed with three-minute recoveries. Mean best values were analysed via a two-way mixed repeated measures ANOVA, and differences reported as effect sizes ± 95% confidence intervals, with accompanying descriptors and p values. Differences in peak IMTP values were unclear between familiarisation and experimental trials, and between menthol and control conditions. Mean IMTP force differed between familiarisation and control (0.51; −0.15 to 1.14; p = 0.001) and familiarisation and menthol conditions (0.50; −0.15 to 1.14; p = 0.002) by a small degree, but were unclear between control and menthol conditions. Unclear differences were also noted on vertical jump performance compared to familiarisation and between experimental conditions, with repeated six second peak and average power performance also showing unclear effects across all comparisons. We conclude that repeated menthol mouth swilling does not improve strength or power performance.

Training Load, Neuromuscular Readiness, and Perceptual Fatigue Profile in Youth Elite Long-Jump Athletes

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. 1034-1038
Author(s):  
Alberto Franceschi ◽  
Daniele Conte ◽  
Marco Airale ◽  
Jaime Sampaio
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Jump ◽  
Training Load ◽  
Track And Field ◽  
Countermovement Jump ◽  
Upward Trend ◽  
Jump Performance ◽  
Female Age ◽  
Training Time ◽  
Jump Test ◽  
Long Jump

Purpose: To describe and identify individual trends and changes in training load, neuromuscular readiness, and perceptual fatigue measures in 2 youth elite long jumpers, finalists at the European Athletics U18 (Under 18) Championships (athlete A, female, age 16.5 y, long-jump record 6.25 m; athlete B, male, age 16.0 y, long-jump record 7.28 m). Methods: Data were collected from both training sessions and athletics competitions during a 16-week period, divided into a preparation (weeks 1–8) and a competitive phase (weeks 9–16). Training load was computed through training diaries (training time, sprint, jumping, and weights volume). The countermovement jump and the 10-to-5 repeated-jump test were executed on a weekly basis to assess neuromuscular readiness, and perceptual fatigue measures were collected through a wellness questionnaire. Statistical analysis was conducted using a magnitude-based decisions approach. Results: The results highlighted a decrease in training load during the competitive period with moderate to large differences for training time, sprint, and jump volume. Moreover, data showed an upward trend and very likely higher scores in vertical-jump performance across the competitive phase together with a very likely lower perceptual fatigue. Conclusions: This scenario seemed to be favorable to achieve competition performance very close to the personal record during the competitive season. This study provided an example of application of a comprehensive monitoring system with young athletes involved in track-and-field jumping events.

Difference in Vertical Jump Performance by Force Production

2010 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Nicole Dabbs ◽  
Nicole C Dabbs ◽  
Andy V Khamoui ◽  
Diamond Nguyen ◽  
Brandon P Uribe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Jump ◽  
Force Production ◽  
Jump Performance

The Effects of Aquatic Plyometric Training on Repeated Jumps, Drop Jumps and Muscle Damage

2015 ◽  
Vol 39 (10) ◽  
pp. 764-772 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Jurado-Lavanant ◽  
J. Alvero-Cruz ◽  
F. Pareja-Blanco ◽  
C. Melero-Romero ◽  
D. Rodríguez-Rosell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Damage ◽  
Training Programs ◽  
Vertical Jump ◽  
Training Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Drop Jump ◽  
Plyometric Training ◽  
Safe Alternative ◽  
Jump Performance ◽  
Jump Test

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to compare the effects of land- vs. aquatic based plyometric training programs on the drop jump, repeated jump performance and muscle damage. Sixty-five male students were randomly assigned to one of 3 groups: aquatic plyometric training group (APT), plyometric training group (PT) and control group (CG). Both experimental groups trained twice a week for 10 weeks performing the same number of sets and total jumps. The following variables were measured prior to, halfway through and after the training programs: creatine kinase (CK) concentration, maximal height during a drop jump from the height of 30 (DJ30) and 50 cm (DJ50), and mean height during a repeated vertical jump test (RJ). The training program resulted in a significant increase (P<0.01–0.001) in RJ, DJ30, and DJ50 for PT, whereas neither APT nor CG reached any significant improvement APT showed likely/possibly improvements on DJ30 and DJ50, respectively. Greater intra-group Effect Size in CK was found for PT when compared to APT. In conclusion, although APT seems to be a safe alternative method for reducing the stress produced on the musculoskeletal system by plyometric training, PT produced greater gains on reactive jumps performance than APT.

Biomechanical Analysis of Vertical Jump Performance in Well-Trained Young Group before and after Passive Static Stretching of Knee Flexors Muscles

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 24-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Song ◽  
Xiao Xue Zhao ◽  
Kyle P. Finnie ◽  
Shi Rui Shao
Keyword(s):  
Middle School ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Vertical Jump ◽  
Young Group ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Static Stretching ◽  
Jump Performance ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Knee Flexors

The purposes of this study were to explore the biomechanical variations of vertical jump performance in well-trained young group before and after passive static stretching (PSS) of knee flexors muscles and to further discuss how the passive static stretching (PSS) influences vertical jump performance in order to provide a more effective warm-up routine and theoretical basis for physical education (PE) teachers and coaches. 15 male middle school students without any injury histories on lower limbs in the past 3 months were included in this study. Subjects with markers on the lower limbs performed vertical jump performance before and immediately after PSS of knee flexors muscles, respectively. A Vicon motion capture system was used to collect the kinematic data of lower limb and Kistler force platform simultaneously recorded the ground reaction force (GRF) during vertical jump. Significant differences were also found in the kinematics part. In sagittal plane, the hip, knee and ankle highest flexion angles were greater after PSS when take-off (hip: p< 0.05; knee: p< 0.01; ankle: p< 0.05); while the hip and knee highest flexion angles were greater before PSS when landing (hip: p< 0.01; knee: p< 0.05). These results showed that the increased range of motion (ROM) of hip, knee, and ankle because of PSS could boost the explosive extension of lower limb during take-off, which can potentially improve vertical jump performance, although the peak value of GRF after PSS was lower. Therefore, the PSS applied only on knee flexors muscles may have an acute effect on enhancing the vertical jump performance for well-trained young group and should be added to warm-up exercises in middle school sports class and sports training.

scholarly journals Relationship between body composition, Yo-Yo intermittent recovery test and vertical jump test in elite young soccer players

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erkan Akdoğan ◽  
Süleyman Olgun
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Vertical Jump ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Countermovement Jump ◽  
Jump Performance ◽  
Squat Jump ◽  
Recovery Test ◽  
Jump Test ◽  
Regional Body Composition

Objective: The aim of this study is to find out the relationships among body composition, Yo-Yo intermittent recovery (IR) test and vertical jump test in elite young soccer players. Material and Methods: Eighteen healthy young male soccer players (Age: 16.5±0.3 years, height: 178.0±5.9 cm, body weight: 65.9±7.9kg,) voluntarily participated in the study. Total and regional body composition parameters of the soccer players were examined through a dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) method. Vertical jump performance tests were squat jump (SJ) and active jump (AJ), and endurance performances were determined by the Yo-Yo intermittent recovery level 1 test (Yo-Yo IR1). Relationships among body composition, Yo-Yo intermittent recovery test and vertical jump test were analyzed with Pearson Correlation coefficient. Significance level was taken as ≤0.05. Results: A statistically significant negative correlation was found between squat jump and countermovement jump (r=-0.588, r=-0.573, p<0.05), and the leg fat rate. However, there were no statistically significant relationship among squat jump, Yo-Yo IR1 and countermovement jump and other whole/regional body composition (p>0.05). Conclusion: Changes in body composition are important issues for the physical performance level of young soccer players, as local excess body fat may cause deterioration, especially in jumping performance.

scholarly journals The acute effects of a dynamic warm-up including hip mobility exercises on sprint, agility and vertical jump performance

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 55-61
Author(s):  
Onat Cetin ◽  
Ozkan Isik
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Vertical Jump ◽  
Collegiate Athletes ◽  
Acute Effects ◽  
Countermovement Jump ◽  
Jump Performance ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
Paired Samples ◽  
Jump Test ◽  
Significant Difference

The purpose of this study was to examine the acute effects of a dynamic warm-up including hip mobility exercises on sprint, agility and vertical jump performance. Twenty well trained male collegiate athletes (age = 20 ± 1.1 years; height = 178.3 ± 8.8 m; body weight = 72 ± 5.6 kg) volunteered for the study. All subjects completed two individual testing sessions on two non-consecutive days. On the first trial day, after 15 minutes of a simple dynamic warm-up, 30-m sprint test, Illinois agility test and countermovement jump test were performed at the control condition. On the second trial day addition to dynamic warm-up, subjects performed 6 hip mobility (6 min) exercises before tests. A paired samples t-test revealed a significant difference (p = 0.013) on sprint performance when comparing simple dynamic warm-up with a dynamic warm-up including hip mobility exercises. But no significant difference was found for agility (p = 0.071) and jump performances (p = 0.823). It can, therefore, be concluded that has a significant effect on sprinting performance whereas it has no significant effect on agility and vertical jump performance.

Neuromuscular and Perceptual Fatigue Responses to Consecutive Tag Football Matches

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 559-565 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luke W. Hogarth ◽  
Brendan J. Burkett ◽  
Mark R. McKean
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Vertical Jump ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Jump Performance ◽  
Running Performance ◽  
Positioning Systems ◽  
Performance Variables ◽  
Jump Test ◽  
Baseline Values ◽  
Small Decline

Purpose:To examine the neuromuscular and perceptual fatigue responses to consecutive tag football matches played on the same day and determine the relationship between fatigue and match running performance.Methods:Neuromuscular and perceptual fatigue responses of 15 national tag football players were assessed before and during the 2014 State of Origin tournament. Global positioning systems (GPS) provided data on players’ match running performance, and a vertical-jump test and subjective questionnaire were used to assess players’ neuromuscular and perceptual fatigue, respectively.Results:There were small to moderate reductions in the majority of match-running-performance variables over consecutive matches, including distance (ES = −0.81), high-speed-running (HSR) distance (ES = −0.51), HSR efforts (ES = −0.64), and maximal accelerations (ES = −0.76). Prematch vertical jump was initially below baseline values before the first match (ES = 0.68−0.88). There were no substantial reductions in vertical-jump performance from baseline values over consecutive matches, although there was a small decline from after match 2 to after match 3 (3.3%; ES = −0.45 ± 0.62). There were progressive reductions in perceived well-being scores after matches 1 (ES = −0.38), 2 (ES = −0.70), and 3 (ES = −1.14). There were small to moderate associations between changes in fatigue measures and match running performance.Conclusions:Perceptual fatigue accumulates over consecutive tag football matches, although there were only marginal increases in neuromuscular fatigue. However, both neuromuscular and perceptual fatigue measures were found to contribute to reduced match running performance in the final match.

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