Political satire and hegemony: A case of “passive revolution” during Mussolini's ascendance to power 1919–1925

2008 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Efharis Mascha
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Studies ◽  
Significant Part ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Satire ◽  
Dominant Ideology ◽  
Political Humor ◽  
Dominant Discourse ◽  
Humor Studies ◽  
Analytical Tools

AbstractAlthough political satire can be considered a significant part of humor studies and cultural studies, it has been systematically neglected by theorists of both disciplines. This article looks critically at the role of political humor expressed in early Italian satirical journals in the period 1919–1924, which was central to the rise of fascism. Freud's techniques of condensation and displacement and Gramsci's account of hegemony will be the analytical tools for the satirical discourse and its counter-hegemonic project to the fascist ideological ascendance. Both tools will facilitate my analysis of political satire as a discourse expressing revolutionary sentiments and occupying a middle space between the dominant ideology and the discourse that resists it. In order to understand this space, which is not anti-hegemonic but counter-hegemonic, we should look at the language of the dominant discourse and how this is used by political satire. Having in mind the particular role of censorship and the constraints it poses to the satirical discourse, I will discuss three empirical sections in relation to the ascent of Fascism: the role of power, the political consensus and the political practices.

The Role of the Satirist and the Problem of Moral Conviction

2020 ◽  
pp. 207-238
Author(s):  
Meredith McNeill Hale
Keyword(s):  
The Political ◽  
Political Satire ◽  
Moral Conviction ◽  
Sexual Perversion ◽  
William Iii ◽  
Political Divide ◽  
Material Evidence

This chapter addresses two related subjects, the reception of De Hooghe’s satires and the role of the satirist. The focus of this discussion is the so-called Pamphlet War of 1690, the primary vehicle for much of the criticism of De Hooghe’s satires. In twelve scathing pamphlets published against Romeyn de Hooghe in the first several months of 1690, witnesses alleged his blasphemy, atheism, and sexual perversion, and embroiled him in a fevered exchange of pamphlets with representatives of Amsterdam. While such rhetoric employed against the printmaker in pamphlet literature vividly described his manifold immorality, Hollands hollende koe (Holland’s running cow), an anti-Williamite satire produced by the printmaker’s enemies in his distinctive etching style, provided material ‘evidence’ of his lack of integrity. With this print, De Hooghe was accused of working for both sides of the political divide—producing Orangist satires for William III and anti-Williamite satires for the Amsterdam regents. The potency of Hollands hollende koe depends fundamentally upon the assumption of integrity between satirist and satire, the notion that he or she believes in the positions and ideologies espoused in his or her satires. It will be argued that the conflation of satirist and satire and the attendant expectation of moral conviction on the part of the satirist are not only associated with the genre of political satire, they are engendered by it and feature prominently throughout its history.

scholarly journals Anti-Westernism as a criterion for pretending to be revolutionary in Iran and its application as an effective tool in removing political rivals

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-45
Author(s):  
Shokrollah Kamari Majin
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Political Ideology ◽  
The Political ◽  
Primary Stimulus ◽  
Dominant Discourse ◽  
Political Events ◽  
Central Tool

What has been less visible to observers over more than Iran’s thirty years political events or, in other words, what was actually formed the motivation power of government system after the 1979 revolution, was located under the shadow of a vast tree of religion, is a kind of xenophobia and, in its particular form, is anti-Western. It can be argued that the contents, capacity and role of this religion without any “anti-Western” anticipation were useless and deficient to the Iranian Shiite rulers. The basis of the discussion in this article is the context in which a kind of anti-modernization grew from within and became the dominant discourse of society headed by traditional clergy. What is being discussed in this article is to fingers on the main stimulus and the central tool of production of legitimacy, and its role and application in conjunction with the political ideology of rule in Iran. In this regard, the present article seeks to explain how this primary stimulus has evolved and how it is used as a political tool but in the form of ideology.

Metaphors for comic relief: Satirists’ self-reported contribution to democratic dialogue in difficult times

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 249-264
Author(s):  
Mario Álvarez Fuentes
Keyword(s):  
Political Communication ◽  
Political Institutions ◽  
The Political ◽  
Communication Studies ◽  
Political Satire ◽  
Normative Approach ◽  
Ethnographic Approach ◽  
Democratic Dialogue ◽  
Difficult Times

This article aims at enriching the debate on the role of political satire when politics becomes troublesome. It takes an ethnographic approach to the production of the TV programme Polònia, which has been broadcast weekly in Catalonia since 2006 and consists of satirical impersonations of politicians. The first section tries to understand the role programme-makers attribute to Polònia within Catalan politics. Participants regard themselves as a central part of the political institutions in Catalonia and recognize a commitment with democratic values. This contests the normative approach in political communication studies which does not assign a role for entertainment in fostering democratic dialogue. The second section has to do with the main characteristic of Polònia’s language: experiential metaphors. Politics is ‘re-described’ in terms of everyday situations by transposing politicians into situations easily recognisable for the audience. It is concluded that Polònia uses a verisimilitude-oriented language rather than the veracity-oriented language of journalism.

Manufacturing ‘Quiet Arabs’ in Israel: Ethnicity, Media Frames and Soft Power

2012 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 245-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amal Jamal
Keyword(s):  
Soft Power ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Media Framing ◽  
The Political ◽  
Dominant Ideology ◽  
Media Frames ◽  
Global Age ◽  
Professional Opinion ◽  
Target Community

This article has three aims. First, it aims to explain how media framing forms a central soft power tool utilized by states for the political control of social groups antagonistic to the states' dominant ideology. For that purpose it addresses Israeli state efforts to penetrate the native Arab community that remained within its borders after the 1948 war, seeking to create submissive ‘quiet Arab’ citizens. Second, it examines the role of Jewish-Arab (Mizrahi) professional opinion-makers in creating and maintaining this framing. Third, it demonstrates that efforts made by states to influence ‘captive audiences’ by media outlets in the global age can be successful only if they meet the needs of the target community.

scholarly journals Herstories

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald Paul
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Studies ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
The Political ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Everyday Lives ◽  
Critical Detail ◽  
Class Power ◽  
Narrative Context ◽  
Raymond Williams

Raymond Williams remains, thirty years after his death, one of the most influential thinkers in contemporary cultural studies. What is perhaps less known is that throughout his life he also devoted himself to the writing of novels: Border Country (1960), Second Generation (1964), The Fight for Manod (1969), The Volunteers (1978), Loyalties (1985), People of the Black Mountains: The Beginning (1986), and People of the Black Mountains: The Eggs of the Eagle (1990). In his career as a novelist, Williams returned repeatedly to the complex theme of a Welsh social and geographical diaspora. Within this narrative context, Williams consciously sought to break with the conventional male hegemony of the novel by focusing on how the clash between the political and the personal is played out in the intersections of class, gender and Welsh ethnicity. Williams investigates this nexus through the role of the women, who experience the correlation of patriarchal and class power in their everyday lives. This article is therefore an attempt to explore in critical detail the ways in which Williams succeeded in dramatizing the convergence of and conflict between individual and collective through the alternative Herstories that are woven into his novels.

Rethinking Social Inquiry in the Wake of Science Studies: Transdisciplinary Pursuits in Times of Climate Change, Information Flows, and Fading Democracies

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 195-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth de Freitas ◽  
John A. Weaver
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Cultural Studies ◽  
Science Studies ◽  
The Political ◽  
Information Flows ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Social Inquiry ◽  
Introductory Essay ◽  
Climate Change Information

Our aim for this special issue of Cultural Studies—Critical Methodologies is to engage with current influential texts in Science Studies, addressing the urgent need to rethink the role of the sciences in transdisciplinary possibilities for social inquiry. In this introductory essay, we underscore the political stakes of this kind of work, and we focus on a few key themes that run across the collected articles, situated as they are within what scientists call the Anthropocene.

The Role of Government and its Influence on Nursing Systems by Means of the Definition of Nursing Minimum Data Sets (NMDS)

2008 ◽  
pp. 1220-1229
Author(s):  
Bettina Staudinger ◽  
Herwig Ostermann ◽  
Magdalena Thöni ◽  
Roland Staudinger
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Significant Part ◽  
Hospital Treatment ◽  
The Political ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Role Of Government ◽  
The World ◽  
Definition Of

Since the 1980’s, questions have been asked the world over about the efficiency and contribution of nursing in the hospital treatment of patients and nursing performance within the framework of nonhospital health care. The cause for these tendencies has many roots. For one, we can determine a push in professionalism through the increasing importance of nursing sciences on whole. The basic focus is on comparability, standardization (Johnson et al., 2005), and securing quality (ICN, 2003). Also, a significant part of nursing systems internationally are publicly financed and legally determined. This has the consequence that the political decision-makers, particularly in context with the financing and planning of nursing structures, have more of an interest in controlling the nursing systems and disposing of useable nursing data.

On Metaphysics and the Political: A Polemics of Reading Baudelaire in the 1930s

2019 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 249-259
Author(s):  
Joseph Acquisto
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Political Crisis ◽  
The Political ◽  
Modern Poetry ◽  
Progressive Politics ◽  
The World ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Insight Into

This essay examines a polemic between two Baudelaire critics of the 1930s, Jean Cassou and Benjamin Fondane, which centered on the relationship of poetry to progressive politics and metaphysics. I argue that a return to Baudelaire's poetry can yield insight into what seems like an impasse in Cassou and Fondane. Baudelaire provides the possibility of realigning metaphysics and politics so that poetry has the potential to become the space in which we can begin to think the two of them together, as opposed to seeing them in unresolvable tension. Or rather, the tension that Baudelaire animates between the two allows us a new way of thinking about the role of esthetics in moments of political crisis. We can in some ways see Baudelaire as responding, avant la lettre, to two of his early twentieth-century readers who correctly perceived his work as the space that breathes a new urgency into the questions of how modern poetry relates to the world from which it springs and in which it intervenes.

British foreign policy towards the Palestinian cause since 2003

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (11) ◽  
pp. 150
Author(s):  
Mustafa Ibrahim Salman Al - Shammari ◽  
Dhari Sarhan Hammadi Al-Hamdani
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Peace Process ◽  
The Political ◽  
Topic Area ◽  
British Foreign Policy ◽  
Settlement Policy ◽  
Historical Developments ◽  
Palestinian Question ◽  
Theresa May

The topic area of that’s paper dealing with role of Britain in established of Israel, so the paper argued the historical developments of Palestinian question and Role of Britain Government toward peace process since 1992, and then its insight toward plan of Palestinian State. That’s paper also argued the British Policy toward Israeli violations toward Palestinians people, and increased with settlement policy by many procedures like demolition of houses, or lands confiscation, the researcher argued the Britain position toward that’s violations beside the political developments which happens in Britain after Theresa May took over the power in Ten Downing Street

THE ROLE OF SHAIKH NURIDDIN AND SHOKHMALIK IN THE POLITICAL PROCESSESTHAT TOOK PLACE IN THE FIRST DAYS AFTER THE DEATH OF AMIR TEMUR

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 47-54
Author(s):  
Laylo Begimkulova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Subsequent Development ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Processes

In this article, the author, on the basis of historical primary sources, highlights the role and influence of the great emirs Shaikh Nuriddin and Shokhmalik on the political processes that took place after the death of Amir Temur and the subsequent development of events.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document