Determinants of cigarette smoking among school adolescents on the island of Java, Indonesia

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mouhamad Bigwanto ◽  
Aroonsri Mongkolcharti ◽  
Karl Peltzer ◽  
Orapin Laosee
Keyword(s):  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Smoking Behavior ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Integrated Model ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Current Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Current Cigarette

Abstract Background: The Integrated Model of Change has successfully explained the behavior change process. Cigarette smoking is a social phenomenon, which needs to be understood for devising effective preventive strategies. Objectives: The study aims to apply the Integrated Model of Change to determine predictive factors of cigarette smoking behavior among school adolescents in Indonesia. Methods: A school-based cross-sectional study was designed to collect data in Banten, Indonesia. A total of 698 students from eight high schools were recruited by multi-stage cluster sampling. The association between cigarette smoking and the independent variables was examined by multiple logistic regressions. Results: The majority of respondents (86.4%) were between the ages of 15 and 17 years (Mean=16.4 years; SD=1.01). Approximately half (48.8%) of the students ever tried a cigarette while 29.6% were current smokers. Curiosity was reported as the main reason for experimenting with cigarettes (32%). The significant factors regarding current cigarette smoking were attitude [adjusted odds ratio (AOR)=2.68], social norms (AOR=12.80), self-efficacy (AOR=15.85), and accessibility (AOR=4.39). Conclusion: The study revealed social influence and self-efficacy that were strongly associated with cigarette smoking can help authorities in guiding possible intervention programs for school adolescents.

scholarly journals Prevalence of cigarette smoking and its predictors among school going adolescents of North India

2014 ◽  
Vol 03 (04) ◽  
pp. 193-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Durgesh Thakur ◽  
Anmol Gupta ◽  
Anita Thakur ◽  
Salig Ram Mazta ◽  
Deepak Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Smoking Behavior ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Free Time ◽  
North India ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Current Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Current Cigarette

Abstract Background: Cigarettes smoking is a common mode of consuming tobacco in India. This habit usually starts in adolescence and tracks across the life course. Interventions like building decision making skills and resisting negative influences are effective in reducing the initiation and level of tobacco use. Aims and Objectives: The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of adolescent current cigarette smoking behavior and to investigate the individual and social factors, which influence them both to and not to smoke. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was carried out among school going adolescents in Shimla town of North India. After obtaining their written informed consent, a questionnaire was administered. Results: The overall prevalence of current cigarette smoking was 11.8%. The binary logistic regression model revealed that parents′ and peers′ smoking behavior influence adolescent smoking behavior. Individual self-harm tendency also significantly predicted cigarette smoking behavior. Parental active participation in keeping a track of their children′s free time activities predicted to protect adolescents from taking this habit. Conclusion: Our research lends support to the need for intervention on restricting adolescents from taking up this habit and becoming another tobacco industries′ addicted customer. Parents who smoke should quit this habit, which will not only restore their own health, but also protect their children. All parents should be counseled to carefully observe their children′s free time activities.

scholarly journals Smoking characteristics and lung functions among university athletes

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Narongkorn Saiphoklang ◽  
Orapan Poachanukoon ◽  
Suchada Soorapan
Keyword(s):  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Smoking Prevalence ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Current Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Lung Functions ◽  
Current Cigarette ◽  
Exhaled Carbon Monoxide ◽  
University Athletes

AbstractCigarette smoking has negative effects on the respiratory system, particularly pulmonary functions. This study aimed to determine smoking prevalence and characteristics among university athletes. We conducted a cross-sectional study of Thammasat University athletes in Thailand from July to October 2018. Demographic and smoking data were recorded. Exhaled carbon monoxide (CO) levels and lung function data were analysed. A total of 433 subjects (56% men) were included. Mean age was 19.8 ± 1.3 years. Asthma was reported in 5.5%. The prevalence of current cigarette smoking was 23.8%. Tobacco use was 3.0 ± 3.2 cigarettes per day. The Fagerstrom score for nicotine dependence was 0.76 ± 1.47. Compared to non-smokers, smokers were predominately males (70.6% vs 29.4%, P < 0.001), had higher exhaled CO levels (3.75 ± 3.08 ppm vs 2.18 ± 0.73 ppm, P < 0.001), higher FVC (89.65 ± 17.61% vs 83.22 ± 15.72%, P = 0.001), higher FEV1 (92.60 ± 15.36% vs 87.77 ± 11.23%, P = 0.002), but lower FEV1/FVC (78.21 ± 5.38% vs 79.70 ± 5.60%, P = 0.015). Moreover, athletes who smoke, were more likely to: drink alcohol, have a family member who smokes, have a friend who smokes or have a university instructor who smokes. In conclusion, smoking prevalence among university athletes was relatively high, although low nicotine addiction level and good lung functions were found. Home and institute environments had important influences on cigarette use in students.Trial registration: TCTR20180917001

scholarly journals Comparing the Characteristics of Cigarette Smoking and e-Cigarette and IQOS Use among Adolescents in Taiwan

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue-Chune Lee ◽  
Li-Chuan Chang ◽  
Chieh Hsu ◽  
Pei-Ching Chen
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Educational Level ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Smoking Behavior ◽  
Tobacco Product ◽  
Current Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Global Youth Tobacco Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Current Cigarette

Objectives. Our objective in this study was to identify the risk factors for cigarette, e-cigarette, and IQOS use among adolescents in Taiwan, with a particular focus on socioeconomic status, smoking status of parents and peers, cigarette promotions, and anti-tobacco campaigns. Methods. Data were obtained from the 2018 version of the annual cross-sectional Taiwan Global Youth Tobacco Survey, which is used to monitor tobacco use among Taiwanese adolescents in junior and senior high schools. The dependent variables in the study were “current cigarette smoking,” “current use of e-cigarettes,” and “current use of IQOS devices” (i.e., during the 30 days prior to survey completion). Independent variables included gender, school grade, monthly income/allowance, educational level of parents, smoking status of parents, smoking status of close friends, access to free cigarettes, exposure to cigarette advertisements, and attendance at anti-tobacco courses. Logistic regression was used in the identification of factors correlated with the current use of cigarettes, e-cigarettes, or IQOS. Results. We determined that 5.65% of the adolescents in the study were currently using cigarettes, 2.74% were currently using e-cigarettes, and 2.33% were currently using IQOS. Our analysis revealed a number of factors that have a bearing on smoking behavior, including gender, monthly allowance, educational level of parents, smoking status of parents and close friends, access to free cigarettes, and exposure to cigarette advertisements. Conclusions. The tobacco product that was most widely used by adolescents was cigarettes, followed by e-cigarettes and IQOS. The socioeconomic status, smoking status of parents/close friends, and access to cigarettes were all identified as important factors related to the current use of cigarettes, e-cigarettes, and IQOS by adolescents.

scholarly journals Predicting Prevention of Cigarette Smoking in Youth: Using Multi-Theory Model (MTM)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamid Abasi ◽  
Zahra Sadat Asadi ◽  
Naser Mohammad gholi Mezerji
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Theory Model ◽  
Current Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Prevention Interventions ◽  
Current Cigarette ◽  
Military Services

Abstract Background: Cigarette smoking (CS) is the most important cause of death and disability in the world and is a complex behavior that is affected by various factors. This study was aimed to test the ability of MTM to predict preventing CS in youth.Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 230 youth who were volunteer to do military services as a soldier were selected by simple random sampling in 2019, western Iran. Data collection were performed by using questionnaire demographic characteristics and MTM constructs of CS. The obtained data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, logistic regression, and Hosmer–Lemeshow test in SPSS 20 software.Results: In this study, the Mean (± SD) age of the participants was 21.13 (±0.89). The prevalence of current cigarette smoking (CCS) and ever cigarette smoking (ECS) was 12.2% and 23%, respectively. The results of the logistic regression test showed that ECS (p< 0.001) and having a family member smoker (p=0.026) were predictor factors for CCS. Sustenance of preventing CS behavior was predicted by constructs of emotional transformation (p=0/006), practice for change (p=0=022), and changes in the social environment (p< 0.001).Conclusions: MTM shows that it is a reliable and useful theory in the sustenance of preventing CS behavior in youth who volunteer to do military services as soldiers. Therefore, this robust theory should be tested in designing, implementing, and evaluating of CS prevention interventions.

Cigarette Smoking Among Secondary School-Going Male Adolescents in Malaysia: Findings From the National Health and Morbidity Survey 2017

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (8_suppl) ◽  
pp. 80S-87S ◽  
Author(s):  
Miaw Yn Jane Ling ◽  
Wan Shakira Rodzlan Hasani ◽  
Muhammad Fadhli Mohd Yusoff ◽  
Hamizatul Akmal Abd Hamid ◽  
Kuang Hock Lim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
National Health ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Current Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Male Adolescents ◽  
Current Cigarette

Smoking is a learned behavior during adolescence, and it is found predominantly among male adolescents in Malaysia. Our study aimed to investigate the prevalence and predictive factors of current cigarette smoking among school-going male adolescents in Malaysia. Data were derived from the National Health and Morbidity Survey: Adolescent Health Survey 2017, a cross-sectional study that utilized a 2-stage stratified cluster sampling to select a nationally representative sample of school-going adolescents in Malaysia (n = 27 497). Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to identify factors associated with current cigarette smoking among male adolescents in Malaysia. Male adolescents aged 16 to 17 years (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.55; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.41-1.70), current illicit drug users (AOR = 8.14; 95% CI = 6.37-10.41), current alcohol users (AOR = 1.92; 95% CI = 1.65-2.23), those from rural schools (AOR = 1.60; 95% CI = 1.46-1.76), those whose parents were widowed/divorced/separated (AOR = 1.37; 95% CI = 1.21-1.55), and those whose parents/guardians were tobacco product users (AOR = 3.47; 95% CI = 2.33-5.16) were more likely to be current cigarette smokers. Tobacco control strategies should be aimed at both adolescents at risk and at promoting parental smoking cessation.

scholarly journals Prevalence and determinants of current cigarette smoking and secondhand smoking among Greek adolescents: the Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS) 2013 study

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. e034760 ◽  
Author(s):  
George Rachiotis ◽  
Anastasia Barbouni ◽  
Athanasios Basagiannis ◽  
Antonis Katsioulis ◽  
Konstantinos Kostikas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
Student Response ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Current Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Global Youth Tobacco Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Public Places ◽  
Secondhand Smoking ◽  
Current Cigarette

ObjectivesSmoking prevalence in Greece is considered high within the European Union and the collection of evidence on tobacco use among adolescents is of vital importance in order to develop effective smoking prevention and cessation programmes.DesignCross-sectional.SettingGreece.Primary and secondary outcome measuresGlobal Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS) is a national representative, paper-and-pencil, cross-sectional, school-based study of students at ages 13–15 years. The survey employed a multistage cluster sample design with schools selected proportional to enrolment size. Finally, 4618/5127 students aged 13–15 years participated in the survey. The school response rate was 98.1%, the student response rate was 90.1% and the overall response rate was 88.4%.ResultsThe prevalence of current cigarette smoking was estimated at 10.1% (10.4% in GYTS 2005) and of exposure to secondhand smoking in public places at 67.4% (94.1% in GYTS 2005). The vast majority of the adolescents (82.1%) supported the banning of smoking inside enclosed public places. Most of the current smokers (90.8%) were not prevented/refused purchase because of their age according to existing law. Multivariate analysis showed that peer influence (OR=48.32; 95% CI 36.2 to 64.48), pocket money (OR=2.63; 95% CI 1.28 to 3.41), increasing age (OR=2.35; 95% CI 1.63 to 3.39) and low educational level of father (OR=2.82; 95% CI 1.7 to 4.68) were risk factors independently associated with current cigarette smoking.ConclusionsDespite the existence of strict laws related to tobacco control, exposure to secondhand smoking among Greek students remained high even when compared with GYTS in 2005. This is likely a result of weak enforcement, what is really missing is the enforcement of the related legislation.

scholarly journals Self-medication practice and associated factors among adults in Gorgan, north of Iran

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Shokrzadeh ◽  
Reza Hoseinpoor ◽  
Danial Jafari ◽  
Jafar Jalilian ◽  
Yaghoub Shayeste
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Self Medication ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medication Practice ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Important Concern ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
North Of Iran ◽  
Spss Software

Background and Purpose: Self-medication is an important concern in every part of the world. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence and to investigate the associate factors of self-medication among adults in Gorgan, north of Iran.  Materials and Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out among adults aged 12 years and above who were residents in Gorgan city. The participants were selected using the multi-stage cluster sampling method. SPSS Software and Pearson's chi-squared test were used for data analysis. Results: A total of 592 households with 2050 respondents were visited. The prevalence of self-medication was 67.9%. A larger number of females were self-medicating (71.3%) than males (63.5%). The majority of the respondents self-medicated because of the previous use experience (59.3%). The main indication for self-medication use was headache (60.8%).  Analgesics were the most commonly self-medicated by the respondents (83.9%). Also, 88.6% of the respondents prepared their drug from drugstores. Furthermore, there were significant differences between self-medication and demographics characteristics including gender, age group, marital status, occupation, education level and income (p<0.05). Conclusion: The prevalence of self-medication especially with analgesics is relatively high among adult city-dwellers in Gorgan. So, preventive measures, such as strengthening of the communities awareness on the side effects of self-medication practice and regulation of pharmacies are very important mechanisms to decrease the practice. 

scholarly journals Immunization coverage under universal immunization programme in Kozhikode district, Kerala

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 3667
Author(s):  
Sreedevi C.
Keyword(s):  
Immunization Coverage ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Dropout Rate ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Vaccine Preventable Diseases ◽  
Immunization Programme ◽  
Multi Stage

Background: Immunization is an important cost effective tool for preventing the morbidities and mortalities caused by vaccine preventable diseases. The objectives of this study were to assess the universal immunization programme coverage of children of 12–23 months of age in Kozhikode district and to study the factors associated with immunization coverage.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted in 30 randomly selected electoral wards of Kozhikode district which were selected using multi stage cluster sampling technique during April 2013 to May 2014.Results: 469 children were studied from 30 clusters. 75.5% was fully immunized while 1.5% was unimmunized. Dropout rate for DPT 3 to Measles was the highest accounting to 20.2%. Most common reason for failure of immunization among unimmunized was that the parents didn’t feel the need (57.1%) and for partially immunized was the illness of the child (27.8%) followed by lack of awareness of the time of immunization (22.2%). Religion, early age of the mother at marriage and first delivery and high birth order were significantly associated with a higher proportion of partially immunized while higher education of the parents (>12th standard), health worker’s home visit in the first year of the child and presence of immunization card were significantly associated with a high full immunization coverage (p<0.05).Conclusions: Immunization coverage of 75.5% is far behind the target to be achieved. 1.5% of the children didn’t get any of the vaccinations. It is very important to increases the coverage to prevent the re-emergence of vaccine preventable diseases.

scholarly journals Cigarette Smoking Habits among University Students: Prevalence and Associated Factors

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 112
Author(s):  
Junaid Jamshed ◽  
Muhammad Mushtaq Khan ◽  
Zahid Latif
Keyword(s):  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
University Students ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Smoking Behavior ◽  
Peer Pressure ◽  
Tobacco Consumption ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Validated Questionnaire

Smoking is the main cause of morbidity and mortality in the world and is estimated to kill 5 million people each year worldwide. If current patterns of tobacco consumption continue, smoking will kill more than 8 million people each year globally by the year 2030, with 80% of these deaths in the developing countries. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and associated factors of cigarette smoking among male university students in Muzaffarabad, Pakistan. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 542 male students at University of Azad Jammu &amp; Kashmir in Muzaffarabad from July to December 2015. The socio-demographic characteristics and cigarette smoking behavior of the students were measured by using a standardized pre-tested self-administrated validated questionnaire in English. The overall prevalence of cigarette smoking among students was found to be 49.4%. The mean age of starting cigarette smoking was 19.2 2.73 years. Age, marital status and education were found significantly associted with cigarette smoking behavior (<em>p</em>-value&lt;0.05). The most common reason for cigarette smoking was stress alleviation (35.0%) followed by peer pressure (24.5%). As cigarette smoking is considerably higher among students. There is a need to develop effective tobacco control measures among university students in Muzaffarabad.

scholarly journals Cigarette Smoking Habits among University Students: Prevalence and Associated Factors

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 109
Author(s):  
Junaid Jamshed ◽  
Muhammad Mushtaq Khan ◽  
Zahid Latif
Keyword(s):  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
University Students ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Smoking Behavior ◽  
Peer Pressure ◽  
Tobacco Consumption ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Validated Questionnaire

Smoking is the main cause of morbidity and mortality in the world and is estimated to kill 5 million people each year worldwide. If current patterns of tobacco consumption continue, smoking will kill more than 8 million people each year globally by the year 2030, with 80% of these deaths in the developing countries. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and associated factors of cigarette smoking among male university students in Muzaffarabad, Pakistan. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 542 male students at University of Azad Jammu &amp; Kashmir in Muzaffarabad from July to December 2015. The socio-demographic characteristics and cigarette smoking behavior of the students were measured by using a standardized pre-tested self-administrated validated questionnaire in English. The overall prevalence of cigarette smoking among students was found to be 49.4%. The mean age of starting cigarette smoking was 19.2 2.73 years. Age, marital status and education were found significantly associted with cigarette smoking behavior (<em>p</em>-value&lt;0.05). The most common reason for cigarette smoking was stress alleviation (35.0%) followed by peer pressure (24.5%). As cigarette smoking is considerably higher among students. There is a need to develop effective tobacco control measures among university students in Muzaffarabad.

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