Prevalence of traumatic injuries to the anterior teeth among 3–17-year-old school children of Indore and correlating it with Kuppuswamy SES, occlusal relationship and ascertaining percentage of those seeking the treatment

2018 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vishal Khandelwal ◽  
Ullal Anand Nayak ◽  
Prathibha Anand Nayak ◽  
Nupur Ninawe
Keyword(s):  
School Children ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Lower Class ◽  
Treatment Needs ◽  
Primary Molar ◽  
Traumatic Injuries ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Anterior Teeth ◽  
Group I

AbstractBackgroundOrofacial trauma is one of the most prevailing oral health problems among the children. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and distribution of traumatic injuries and to correlate the causes, specific age groups, socio-economic status, occlusal relationship and ascertain the percentage of those seeking the treatment among school children in Indore (Madhya Pradesh, India).Materials and methodsFive thousand school going children aged between 3 and 17 years belonging to different zones of Indore were randomly selected and divided into three age groups, Group I – 3–5 years; Group II – 6–11 years and Group III – 12–17 years. The study was carried out by a single investigator and assisted by a well-trained cooperative alert assistant. An American Dental Association (ADA) type 3 examination was carried out using a mouth mirror and explorer under sufficient natural light. Traumatic injuries to the anterior teeth were recorded according to the Ellis and Davey classification. Details were noted concerning the gender, age and socio-economic status of patient; cause of trauma, number, type and relationship of teeth, lip competence and the level of unmet treatment needs.ResultsOne thousand and seventeen children had traumatized anterior teeth with a mean prevalence of 20.34%. Prevalence was more in boys than in girls with a ratio of 2:1. Single tooth injury was observed in 81.7%. The prevalence of trauma was highest in the upper socio-economic class (31.4%) and least was seen in lower class (14.8%). The most common cause of trauma was from a fall (36.72%). Maximum prevalence was seen in either class II division 1 malocclusion or distal step terminal plane primary molar relationship. Only 2.95% of the children had undergone treatment for traumatically injured anterior teeth.ConclusionHigh prevalence of traumatized teeth with the low percentage of children receiving treatment emphasizes the need for education programs about traumatic dental injuries that should be directed towards the children, parents and school teachers.

Personality of children with accident‐related injuries

2003 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 299-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margarete Vollrath ◽  
Markus A. Landolt ◽  
Karin Ribi
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
School Children ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Five Factor Model ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Personality Inventory ◽  
Emotional Instability ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Personality Inventory For Children ◽  
Comprehensive Test

Previous studies based on a variety of behaviour, temperament, and personality measures identified a pattern of over‐activity, impulsiveness, emotional instability, and aggressiveness in children who are prone to accidents. The present study is the first to study accident‐prone children by means of a comprehensive test for the assessment of the Five Factor model (Hierarchical Personality Inventory for Children (HiPIC) (Mervielde & De Fruyt, 1999). 118 children, aged 6–15 years, who were hospitalized due to an accident‐related injury, were contrasted with 184 school‐children of the same age. Lower socio‐economic status was under‐represented in both groups. Children who were exposed to accidents had higher scores on the facets of energy, optimism, and non‐shyness (Extraversion domain), and lower scores on the facets of concentration and achievement striving (Conscientiousness domain). There was no indication of higher aggressiveness, impulsiveness, or emotional instability in the group exposed to accidents, and there were no gender‐by‐accident interactions. Results suggest that there is a relatively benign pattern of personality traits that is related to greater accident hazard in children. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

A Study on the Transportation Mode Choice Behaviour of Individuals With Different Socio-Economic Status

2018 ◽  
pp. 476-493
Author(s):  
Arun Bajracharya
Keyword(s):  
Public Transportation ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Mode Choice ◽  
Lower Class ◽  
Upper Class ◽  
Choice Behaviour ◽  
Transportation Mode ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Private Car ◽  
Transportation Mode Choice

This chapter presents a study on the transportation mode choice behaviour of individuals with different socio-economic status. A previously developed system dynamics model has been adopted by differentiating the population mass into upper, middle, and lower classes. The simulation experiments with the model revealed that generally the upper class individuals would be more inclined to use a private car (PC) instead of public transportation (PT) when their tendency is compared to middle and lower class individuals. It was also observed that lower class individuals would be more willing to use PT instead of PC when their tendency is compared to middle and upper class individuals. As such, it would be difficult to encourage the upper class individuals to use PT instead of PC, and it would be successively easier to do so in the case of middle and lower class individuals. However, the results also indicated that under certain different circumstances, the upper class individuals would also prefer to go for PT, and the lower class ones could prefer to own and use PC instead of PT.

Dental Fluorosis: Concentration of Fluoride in Drinking Water and Consumption of Bottled Beverages in School Children

2014 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 338-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
N Pérez-Pérez ◽  
N Torres-Mendoza ◽  
A Borges-Yéñez ◽  
ME Irigoyen-Camacho
Keyword(s):  
School Children ◽  
Dental Fluorosis ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Soft Drink ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Fluoride Concentration ◽  
Soft Drink Consumption ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Water Fluoride

Objective: The purpose of the study was to identify dental fluorosis prevalence and to analyze its association with tap water fluoride concentration and beverage consumption in school children from the city of Oaxaca, who were receiving fluoridated salt. Study design: A cross-sectional study was performed on elementary public school children. Dean's Index was applied to assess dental fluorosis. The parents of the children who were studied completed a questionnaire about socio-demographic characteristics and type of beverages consumed by their children. A total of 917 school children participated in this study. Results: Dental fluorosis prevalence was 80.8%. The most frequent fluorosis category was very mild (41.0%), and 16.4% of the children were in the mild category. The mean water fluoride concentration was 0.43 ppm (±0.12). No association was detected between tap water fluoride concentration and fluorosis severity. The multinomial regression model showed an association among the mild fluorosis category and age (OR = 1.25, [95%CI 1.04, 1.50]) and better socio-economic status (OR = 1.78, [95%CI 1.21, 2.60]), controlling for fluoride concentration in water. Moderate and severe fluorosis were associated with soft drink consumption (OR = 2.26, [95%IC 1.01, 5.09]), controlling for age, socio-economic status, and water fluoride concentration. Conclusions: The prevalence of fluorosis was high. Mild fluorosis was associated with higher socio-economic status, while higher fluorosis severity was associated with soft drink consumption.

scholarly journals Dental caries experience and socio-economic status among Iranian children: a multilevel analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Majid Ghasemianpour ◽  
Soheila Bakhshandeh ◽  
Armin Shirvani ◽  
Naghmeh Emadi ◽  
Hamid Samadzadeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Caries Experience ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Poisson Regression Analysis ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Dmft Index ◽  
Iranian Children

Abstract Background Socio-economic factors are considered as main determinants causing disparities in oral health across different countries. The aim of the present study was to investigate the associations of social and economic factors with dental caries experience among 6- and 12-year-old Iranian children. Methods In this cross-sectional study, a total of 31,146 students, aged 6 and 12 years old, were enrolled from all (31) provinces in Iran. Based on the standardized World Health Organization (WHO) criteria for oral health surveys, dental caries indices in primary and permanent teeth were assessed by clinical examination in schools. Data on socio-economic status was obtained from the modified WHO questionnaire and national data bank. The decayed, missing and filled teeth (dmft/DMFT) indices for primary and permanent dentition were compared at the individual and provincial levels using multilevel regression analysis. Poisson regression analysis was used to evaluate the association of social (demographic and behavioral) determinants with dental caries indices among individuals. To assess the causes of difference in dental caries indices across provinces, justifiable economic factors were also analyzed using poisson regression analysis. Results The mean (SE) of dmft and DMFT were 5.84 (0.05) and 1.84 (0.03), for 6-and 12-year-old children, respectively. The differences of dental caries indices were statistically significant among provinces. Higher level of parental education was negatively related to dental caries indices of both age groups. Rural residency was positively and dental flossing was reversely associated with dmft index of 6-year-old children. Negative associations were found between frequency of tooth brushing and preventive dental utilization with dmft and DMFT indices. Gross Domestic Product (GDP) index had negative and Consumer Price Index (CPI) had positive associations with dmft and DMFT indices in both age groups. However, positive relationships were observed between Gini index with DMFT index among 12-year-old children; as well as between the number of dentists per capita with dmft index among 6-year-old children. Conclusion Socio-demographic and behavioral factors were found to be associated with dental caries experience. However, economic indicators had the greatest importance.

Intelligence, family size and socio-economic status

1970 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 227-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. F. Kennett ◽  
A. J. Cropley
Keyword(s):  
Family Size ◽  
School Children ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Mental Ability ◽  
Ability Test ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Definite Relationship ◽  
Fertility Pattern

SummaryA sample of 170 Regina school children, divided into subgroups according to family size and socio-economic status, was tested on the Otis Beta Mental Ability Test. The results demonstrated the existence of a definite relationship between intelligence and socio-economic status, but no significant relationship between family size and IQ, except among low socio economic status males. These results, interpreted as reflecting the changing relationship between intelligence and family size, are possibly the outcome of a changing fertility pattern within the various socio-economic status groups.

THE EFFECTS OF SOCIAL CLASS DIFFERENCES ON THE SELF-CONCEPTS OF SOME NIGERIAN ADOLESCENTS

1986 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. Olowu
Keyword(s):  
Middle Class ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Lower Class ◽  
Semantic Differential ◽  
The Self ◽  
Concerted Effort ◽  
Class Differences ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Lower Socioeconomic ◽  
Made In

A purpose-built Semantic Differential Scale was administered to 372 adolescents. One hundred and eighteen of them came from middle class homes while two hundred and fifty four came from lower socioeconomic homes. There were two hundred and sixty four boys, and one hundred and eight girls. Their mean age was 16.7 years. The results showed that adolescents from middle class homes had more significantly positive self-concepts than those from lower class homes. The lower class adolescents had more positive self-concepts than their counterparts on only the religious – non-religious scale (p < .001). The observed differences were discussed. It was suggested that concerted effort should be made in homes and schools to enhance the self-concepts of adolescents, particularly those from low socio-economic status groups.

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