Quantitative analysis of static equilibrium in women after mastectomy

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-87
Author(s):  
Maciej Rachwał ◽  
Justyna Drzał-Grabiec ◽  
Katarzyna Walicka-Cupryś ◽  
Aleksandra Truszczyńska
Keyword(s):  
Mean Amplitude ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Foot Pressure ◽  
Locomotor System ◽  
Center Of Foot Pressure ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Posture Stability ◽  
Mastectomy Group ◽  
Better Than

Abstract Background: The post-mastectomy changes to the locomotor system are related to the scar and adhesion or to the lymphatic edema after amputation which, in turn, lead to local and global distraction of the work of the muscles. These changes lead to body statics disturbance that changes the projection of the center of gravity and worsens motor response due to changing of the muscle sensitivity. Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate the static balance of women after undergoing mastectomy. Methods: The study included 150 women, including 75 who underwent mastectomy (mean age: 60±7.6) years, mean body mass index (BMI): 26 (±3.6) kg/m2) and 75 who were placed in the control group with matched age and BMI. The study was conducted using a tensometric platform. Results: Statistically significant differences were found for almost all parameters between the post-mastectomy group and group of healthy women, regarding center of foot pressure (COP) path length in the Y and X axes and the mean amplitude of COP. Conclusions: First, the findings revealed that balance in post-mastectomy women is significantly better than in the control group. Second, physiotherapeutic treatment of post-mastectomy women may have improved their posture stability compared with their peers.

scholarly journals The Effect of Using Word Family Game on The Vocabulary Mastery of The Fifth Grade Students at SD Negeri 1 Astina in Academic Years of 2017/2018

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 122
Author(s):  
Ni Komang Amelia Kartadi
Keyword(s):  
Fifth Grade ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Fifth Grade Students ◽  
Conventional Teaching ◽  
Post Test ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Better Than

This study aimed at investigating of the effect of using word family game committed by the fifth grade student in SD Negeri 1 Astina in mastering the English vocabulary. This study was True-Experimental with post-test only control group design. The population was 59 students of the fifth grade and the sample was selected by using cluster random sampling. The sample of this research study was 22 students in 5A as an Experimental Group while 22 students in 5B as a Control Group. The experimental group was taught by using Word Family Game and control group was taught without using Word Family Game. The data was analyzed descriptively and inferentially through SPSS 16.0 Program. Descriptively, the students in experimental group were achieved better than the students in control group. It was proven by the result of the mean score of the experimental group was 90.45, while the mean score of control group was 83.18. The result of the t-test also showed that the score of the (tobs) was 3.393 which the score of (tcv) was 1.682 which based on the degree of freedom was 42. It showed that the (tobs) > (tcv), where: 3.393 > 1.682. It could be concluded that the word family game had a significant effect on the students’ vocabulary mastery rather than using conventional teaching. 

Skin conductance and schizophrenic symptomatology

2000 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 177-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. à Campo ◽  
H.L.G.J. Merckelbach ◽  
H. Nijman ◽  
M. Yeates-Frederikx ◽  
W. Allertz
Keyword(s):  
Patient Group ◽  
Skin Conductance ◽  
Mean Amplitude ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Skin Conductance Responses ◽  
Skin Conductance Levels ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Psychophysiological Parameter

SUMMARYSkin conductance is a psychophysiological parameter that reflects fundamental processes such as attention and arousal. The present study explored whether deviations in skin conductance activity are associated with severity of schizophrenic symptoms. For this purpose, Skin Conductance Responses (SCRs) to discrete stimuli (80 dB noises) and Skin Conductance Levels (SCLs) of 37 schizophrenic patients and 31 healthy volunteers were recorded. In accordance with previous studies, schizophrenic patients were found to be hyporesponsive compared to healthy controls. More specifically, almost half of the patients (46%) did not react with any SCR to the first 3 stimuli, whereas only 10% of the control group exhibited such a non-responding. Accordingly, the mean amplitude of the first 3 SCRs – as measured in u Siemens – was found to be significantly lower in patients compared to controls. As well, mean SCL was found to be (marginally) elevated in the patient group. This was especially the case for patients who did exhibit SCRs. In the patient group, a negative correlation was found between amplitude of SCRs and symptom severity. This association was mainly carried by a significant correlation between positive symptoms and reduced SCRs. The clinical relevance of these findings is discussed in detail.

scholarly journals Gait after Birmingham Hip Resurfacing

2019 ◽  
Vol 101-B (11) ◽  
pp. 1423-1430 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anatole V. Wiik ◽  
Rhiannon Lambkin ◽  
Justin P. Cobb
Keyword(s):  
Metal Ion ◽  
Gait Pattern ◽  
Hip Resurfacing ◽  
Functional Change ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
High Speeds ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Gait Study

AimsThe aim of this study was to assess the functional gain achieved following hip resurfacing arthroplasty (HRA).Patients and MethodsA total of 28 patients (23 male, five female; mean age, 56 years (25 to 73)) awaiting Birmingham HRA volunteered for this prospective gait study, with an age-matched control group of 26 healthy adults (16 male, ten female; mean age, 56 years (33 to 84)). The Oxford Hip Score (OHS) and gait analysis using an instrumented treadmill were used preoperatively and more than two years postoperatively to measure the functional change attributable to the intervention.ResultsThe mean OHS improved significantly from 27 to 46 points (p < 0.001) at a mean of 29 months (12 to 60) after HRA. The mean metal ion levels at a mean 32 months (13 to 60) postoperatively were 1.71 (0.77 to 4.83) µg/l (ppb) and 1.77 (0.68 to 4.16) µg/l (ppb) for cobalt and chromium, respectively. When compared with healthy controls, preoperative patients overloaded the contralateral good hip, limping significantly. After HRA, patients walked at high speeds, with symmetrical gait, statistically indistinguishable from healthy controls over almost all characteristics. The control group could only be distinguished by an increased push-off force at higher speeds, which may reflect the operative approach.ConclusionPatients undergoing HRA improved their preoperative gait pattern of a significant limp to a symmetrical gait at high speeds and on inclines, almost indistinguishable from normal controls. HRA with an approved device offers substantial functional gains, almost indistinguishable from healthy controls. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2019;101-B:1423–1430.

Comparison of Postural Control of Children with down Syndrome and Those with other Forms of Mental Retardation

1997 ◽  
Vol 84 (2) ◽  
pp. 499-504 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mitsuru Kokubun ◽  
Takashi Shinmyo ◽  
Mizue Ogita ◽  
Keiichi Morita ◽  
Masaki Furuta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Down Syndrome ◽  
Mental Retardation ◽  
Postural Control ◽  
Foot Pressure ◽  
Children With Down Syndrome ◽  
Center Of Foot Pressure ◽  
The Mean

To confirm the 1994 findings of Okuzumi, Haishi, and Kokubun, the displacement of the center of foot pressure, one-foot balance and bead sway were measured in children with Down syndrome ( n = 11) compared to those with other types of mental retardation ( n = 17). The magnitudes of the displacement of the center of foot pressure and head sway were not significantly different between the Down group and other forms of mental retardation, whereas the performance of one-foot balance was significantly lower in the Down group. The mean frequencies of sway waves were generally higher in the Down group, and the differences between the two groups were significant except for sagittal head sway. The results generally supported the prior findings. We proposed that it was not the magnitude of the displacement of the center of foot pressure but rather the manner of the whole body's sway which might be related to postural control.

Two psychological treatments for hypochondriasis

1998 ◽  
Vol 173 (3) ◽  
pp. 218-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
David M. Clark ◽  
Paul M. Salkovskis ◽  
Ann Hackmann ◽  
Adrian Wells ◽  
Melanie Fennell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stress Management ◽  
Cognitive Therapy ◽  
Specific Treatment ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Waiting List ◽  
Control Group ◽  
One Year ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Better Than

BackgroundHypochondriasis is generally considered difficult to manage. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of cognitive therapy and to compare it with an equally credible, alternative treatment.MethodForty-eight patients with hypochondriasis were initially randomly assigned to either cognitive therapy, behavioural stress management or a no treatment waiting list control group. At the end of the waiting period, patients in the control group were randomly assigned to one of the two treatments. Assessments were at pre-, mid- and post-treatment or waiting list and at three-, six- and 12-month post-treatment follow-up.ResultsComparisons with the waiting list group showed both treatments were effective. Comparisons between the treatments showed that cognitive therapy was more effective than behavioural stress management on measures of hypochondriasis, but not general mood disturbance at mid-treatment and at post-treatment. One year after treatment patients who had received either treatment remained significantly better than before treatment, and on almost all measures the two therapies did not differ from each other.ConclusionsCognitive therapy is a specific treatment for hypochondriasis. Behavioural stress management is also effective but its specificity remains to be demonstrated.

scholarly journals Multimodal Distribution of Frog Miniature Endplate Potentials in Adult, Denervated, and Tadpole Leg Muscle

1974 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahlon E. Kriebel ◽  
Cordell E. Gross
Keyword(s):  
Mean Amplitude ◽  
Sartorius Muscle ◽  
Integer Multiple ◽  
Major Mode ◽  
Mepp Amplitude ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Increasing Temperature ◽  
Miniature Endplate Potentials ◽  
Endplate Potentials

Amplitude histograms of spontaneous miniature endplate potentials (MEPPs) from adult sartorius muscle cells show a definite bimodality with the mean amplitude of the larger mode five to seven times that of the smaller mode which accounted for 2–5 % of the total MEPPs. Histograms were plotted after high frequency MEPP generation induced by increasing temperature, increasing external calcium or nerve stimulation. These plots showed a reversible left-shift of the major mode as well as a reversible increase in the proportion of small mode MEPPs. Repeated challenges shifted almost all MEPPs into the small mode. An increase in the percentage of small mode MEPPs also occurred spontaneously during the course of denervation before the quiescent period and some of the histogram profiles showed multiple modes whose means were integer multiples of the small mode mean. In the early stages of hind leg development the greatest proportion of MEPPs were of the small mode size; as metamorphosis progressed, the histograms showed a definite multimodality with the mean of each mode being an integer multiple of the small mode mean and with the proportion of MEPPs in each mode about the same. During tail resorption the percentage of larger MEPPs increased until the adult histogram profile was reached. Thus, the changes in MEPP amplitude histograms over the course of metamorphosis are the reverse of those found with denervation.

scholarly journals Training Badminton Footwork Ten Repetitions Two Sets Better Than Five Repetitions Four Sets for The Improvement of Leg Muscle Strength

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-15
Author(s):  
I Putu Astrawan ◽  
I Putu Prisa Jaya
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
T Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Leg Muscle ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Group 1

Background: Footwork training is important in coaching basic movements in badminton. This research aims to learn about the influence of footwork training on improving leg muscles strength. Methods: The study used a randomized pretest-posttest control group design. The participants consisted of 42 male badminton players of Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha, Bali, Indonesia, who split into two groups of footwork training (ten repetitions two sets (group 1) and five repetitions with four sets (group 2)). The coach gave the footwork exercise three times per week for 6 weeks to each group and measured the leg muscle strength using the dynamometer test. Results: The result of the within-group paired T-test before and after the training shows group 1 and group 2 (p<0.05). For group 1, the mean of leg muscle strength was 114.19±33.13 kg before the training and 183.19±33.56 kg after the training, with an increase of 60% (69 kg). On the other hand, for group 2, the mean score of leg muscle strength before the training was 113.05±31.30 kg and after the training was 141.10±34.91, with an increase of 25% (28 kg). The leg muscle strength difference between the groups before and after the training was tested using the independent T-test with a significant α=0.05. Comparing the differences of leg muscle strength for both the groups before the training was p= 0.90, and after the training was p=0.00. Conclusion: The conclusion is training badminton footwork ten repetition two sets better than five repetitions four sets to improve leg muscle strength.

scholarly journals Comparative evaluation of simultaneous administration of mifepristone and misoprostol; and misoprostol alone for induction of second trimester abortion

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 2728
Author(s):  
Ankita Jain ◽  
Arpit Agarwal
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Evaluation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Simultaneous Administration ◽  
Second Trimester ◽  
Trimester Abortion ◽  
Dose Regime ◽  
Second Trimester Abortion ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Better Than

Background: The present study was conducted with the aim to assess the safety and efficacy of misoprostol alone and misoprostol with simultaneous mifepristone for second trimester termination of pregnancy.Methods: The study was conducted on 160 cases, divided in two groups of 80 cases each. In the study group 200 mg mifepristone and 200 μgm misoprostol given together on admission followed by miso every 3 hrs upto a maximum of 8 doses or until the abortion occurs, whichever occurs early. In the control group only miso was given in the same dose regime. If abortion did not occur within this duration it was considered failure of method. The results were analysed.Results: The success rate in first regimen was 98%. Mean induction abortion interval was significantly shorter in the study group, 8.62±1.96 h as compared to 14.5±3.01 h in the control group. The mean dose of the misoprostol required was significantly less in study group. The side effects like nausea, vomiting, fever, abdominal cramps, diarrhoea were observed more in control group (30%) in comparison to study group (12.1%).Conclusions: Mifepristone with simultaneous misoprostol is better than misoprostol alone and there is no need to wait for 24 hr after mifepristone for administration of misoprostol.

scholarly journals Cognitive Effort-Avoidance in Patients with Schizophrenia Can Reflect Amotivation: An event-related potential Study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
YX Lin ◽  
LiJun Zhang ◽  
Liang Ying ◽  
qiang zhou
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Mean Amplitude ◽  
Cognitive Effort ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Delayed Response ◽  
Knowledge Test ◽  
Opposite Trend ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Demand Selection

Abstract Background: Amotivation is regarded as a core negative symptom in patients with schizophrenia. There are currently no objective methods for assessing and measuring amotivation in the scientific literature, only a trend towards assessing motivation using effort-orientated, decision-making tasks. However, it remains inconclusive as to whether cognitive effort-avoidance in patients with schizophrenia can reflect their amotivation. Therefore, this study aimed to find out whether cognitive effort-avoidance in patients with schizophrenia can reflect their amotivation. Methods: In total, 28 patients with schizophrenia and 27 healthy controls were selected as participants. The demand selection task (DST) was adapted according to the feedback-based Guilty Knowledge Test (GKT) delayed response paradigm, which was combined with the mean amplitude of contingent negative variation (CNV), considered as the criterion of motivation. Results: Our results showed that: (1) patients with schizophrenia showed a lower CNV amplitude for the target stimuli compared to the probe stimuli, whereas the control group showed the opposite trend (P<0.05); (2) among patients with schizophrenia, the high cognitive effort-avoidance group showed a smaller CNV amplitude for the target stimuli compared to the probe stimuli, whereas the low cognitive effort avoidance group showed a higher CNV amplitude for the target stimuli compared to the probe stimuli; the opposite trend was observed in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: These findings support the claim that CNV amplitude can be used as a criterion for detecting amotivation in patients with schizophrenia. Within the context of the DST, the high and low cognitive effort-avoidance of patients with schizophrenia can reflect their state of amotivation; patients with high cognitive effort-avoidance showed severe amotivation.

scholarly journals Eksperimentasi Teknik Quick On The Draw Pada Pembelajaran Matematika Peserta Didik Kelas VIII SMPN 1 Ranah Batahan Kabupaten Pasaman Barat

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yulia Yulia
Keyword(s):  
Hypothesis Testing ◽  
Conventional Technique ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mathematical Concepts ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Class Viii ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Randomized Control ◽  
And Control ◽  
Better Than

The purpose of this study is to determine the understanding on mathematic concept who were taught by using Quick On The Draw Technique was better than the students who were taught by using conventional technique at Class VIII SMPN 1 Ranah Batahan Kabupaten Pasaman Barat. Quasi experimental that designed randomized control group only design. The population of this research was class VIII students of SMP N 1 Ranah Batahan Kabupaten Pasaman Barat of 4 class. For determine the experimental class and the control class is done by randomly. Classes are chosen as experimental class is a class experiment is VIII.2 class and control class is the class VIII.3.. It can be seen from the mean score of experiment class 70.89,  control class was 57.78. Hypothesis testing by using t-test showed that t-was higher than  (1.97 > 1.68) with degree of freedom 95% so hypothesis is accepted. In conclusion, students’ understanding on mathematic concept who were taught by using Quick On The Draw technique was higher than the students who were taught by using conventional technique at calss VIII of SMPN 1 Ranah Batahan Kabupaten Pasaman Barat. Based on the above description the researcher gives advice to mathematical educator, to make quick on the draw technique as one of alternative to improve understanding of mathematical concepts of learners.Keyword : Quick on the draw technique, Understanding on mathematic concept

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