Predicting Storage Conditions for Rice Seed with Thermodynamic Analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pan Wang ◽  
Nan Fu ◽  
Dong Li ◽  
Li-jun Wang
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Water Activity ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Rice Seed ◽  
Water Desorption ◽  
Desorption Process ◽  
Desorption Isotherms ◽  
Rice Seeds ◽  
Minimum Integral Entropy

AbstractThe desorption isotherms ofjaponicaandindicarice seeds were determined at 15, 25, 35, 45 °C within the water activity range from 0.12 to 0.92 and it was observed that GAB model could accurately describe the desorption behaviors with low values of mean relative error (MRE). The thermodynamic properties of rice seeds were obtained by water desorption isotherms. The moisture content with the minimum integral entropy was considered as the best storage condition where the strongest energetic interaction between water molecular and solid occurred and the optimum seed moisture for storage at 35 °C occurred at 6.02 g water per 100 g of dry matter (ɑwof 0.12) forjaponicarice seed and 5.28 g water per 100 g of dry matter (ɑwof 0.08) forindicarice seed, respectively. The mechanisms of desorption process were determined with integral enthalpy–entropy compensation theory and it was observed that the at low moisture content the desorption process of rice seed was controlled by changes of entropy, whereas the desorption process was considered to be controlled by enthalpy mechanism at high moisture content. It was found that theindicarice seed exhibited a wider water activity range in the minimum integral entropy zone, indicating thatindicarice seed was more stable to withstand the different storage conditions compared withjaponicarice seed.

Characteristics of Dynamics Sorption Isotherms of Date Flesh Powder Rich in Fiber

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 469-480 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Fikry ◽  
Alhussein M. Al-Awaadh
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Water Activity ◽  
Sorption Isotherms ◽  
Isosteric Heat ◽  
Phoenix Dactylifera ◽  
Dynamic Vapor Sorption ◽  
Desorption Process ◽  
Adsorption And Desorption ◽  
Peleg Model ◽  
Wide Range

Abstract Dynamic vapor sorption equipment (AQUADVS) was used to determine adsorption and desorption isotherms for powder rich in fiber (PRF) produced from Palm Date flesh of Sifri cultivar (Phoenix dactylifera L.) at temperatures 25, 35 and 45 °C in a wide range of water activity (0.09–0.87). Equilibrium was achieved within 29 and 25 h for the adsorption and desorption process respectively. The obtained data were fitted to ten models (Peleg, GAB, BET, Halsey, Oswin, Smith, Modified Henderson, Adam and Shove, Modified Oswin and Modified Halsey). The results indicated that the PRF followed type III behavior. The empirical Peleg model was found to be the best to represent the experimental data in the water activity range 0.09–0.87. The isosteric heat of sorption and the differential entropy decreased by increasing the moisture content and can be predicted by polynomial functions. Glass transition temperatures (Tg) of PRF were determined. The Tg decreased as the moisture content increased and can be correlated using the Gordon and Taylor model (R2=0.976). The PRF should be stored at moisture less than 9 d.b.% and temperature less than 35 °C.

scholarly journals Sorption and thermal properties of rice, potato starch, and oat flakes

2009 ◽  
Vol 26 (No. 6) ◽  
pp. 413-420 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Landfeld ◽  
M. Houška ◽  
K. Hoke
Keyword(s):  
Differential Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Water Activity ◽  
Potato Starch ◽  
Heat Processing ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Desorption Process ◽  
Dry Heat ◽  
Heat Of Evaporation ◽  
The Given

A precise design of the equipment for thermal sterilisation of rice, potato starch, and oat flakes by dry heat requires the knowledge of the relevant values of physical properties of these products. Water activity and enthalpy are presented as functions of temperature and humidity. Water activity was measured as a function of the moisture content and temperature in the desorption process that reproduces the real conditions existing during dry heat processing in the pilot rotating steriliser equipment. The heat of evaporation can be predicted from these data as a function of the moisture content of these products. DSC (differential scanning calorimetry) method was used for measuring the enthalpy of these products as a function of temperature during desorption of moist products starting from various levels of the moisture content. The total energy Ec necessary for heating the product and evaporation of the given amount of water can be calculated.

scholarly journals Pendugaan Umur Simpan Benih Padi (Oryza sativa L) Menggunakan Metode ASLT (Accelerated Shelf Life Testing) dengan Pendekatan Model Kadar Air Kritis

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 228
Author(s):  
I Putu Mas Pradnyana Wibawa ◽  
Ida Bagus Putu Gunadnya ◽  
I Made Anom Sutrisna Wijaya
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Shelf Life ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Initial Moisture Content ◽  
Total Solid ◽  
Rice Seed ◽  
Life Testing ◽  
Critical Moisture Content ◽  
Critical Moisture ◽  
Rice Seeds

Tujuan dari dilakukanya penelitian Ini adalah untuk menduga umur simpan benih padi menggunakan metode ASLT (Accelerrated Shelf Life Testing) dengan pendekatan model kadar air kritis. Adapun benih yang digunakan adalah benih varietas Ciherang dan varietas Inpari 30. Kemasan dari benih padi adalah plastic jenis Polipropilen (PP). Benih padi disimpan pada kondisi lingkungan (suhu 290C dan RH 75%). Pengamatan benih dianggap kritis ketika persentase daya berkecambah di bawah 80%. Ditemukan dari hasil pengukuran bahwa nilai permeabilitas kemasan (k/x) dari plastic PP adalah 0,013 gH2O/m2.day.mmHg. Pengamtan kadar air awal (Ma) adalah 13 %, kadar air kritis (Mc) adalah 29 %, total padatanya (WS) adalah 8,8 kg, dan perbedaan tekanan (?P) 1,15 mmHg. Sementara Inpari 30 memiliki nilai kadar air awal (Ma) 14%, kadar air kritis 29%, total padatannya (WS) 8,7 kg, dan ?P 0,9 mmHg.  Dari nilai tersebut dapat diduga umur simpan dua varietas benih bersertifikat yang dikemas dalam plastik PP dan disimpan pada suhu 29oC dan RH 75% adalah 156 hari (5,03 bulan) untuk varietas Ciherang dan 254 hari (8,19 bulan)  untuk 30 varietas Inpari.   The purpose of this study was to prediction the shelf life of certified rice seeds using the ASLT (Accelerated Shelf Life Testing) method based on the critical moisture content approach. The varieties of rice seeds used in this research were Ciherang and Inpari 30 varieties which packed with polypropylene (PP) plastic packaging. The rice seeds packages were stored at environmental condition (temperature of 29oC and RH of 75%). Observation on seeds germination was done daily until the seeds have a germination percentage below 80%. When the seeds under this condition, moisture content of the seeds was measured and refer as critical moisture content. It was found that the packaging permeability (k/x) of PP plastic was 0.013 g H2O/m2.day.mmHg. Observation on rice seed of Ciherang variety revealed that its values of initial moisture content (Ma) was 0.133 %, its critical moisture content (Mc) was 0.291 %, its total solid (Ws) was 8.8 kg, and pressure difference  (?P) was 1,15 mmHg. While, for Invary 30 variety the values of its shelf life parameters were as follows: Ma 0.144 %, Mc 0.293 %, Ws 8.7 kg, and ?P 0.9 mmHg. The prediction of shelf life the two certified rice seeds which were packed in PP plastic and stored at 29oC and RH of 75% were 156 days (5.03 months) for Ciherang variety and 254 days (8.19 months). ) for Inpari 30 variety.

Moisture Sorption Isotherms and Net Isosteric Heats of Sorption of Green Soybean

2012 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhao Yang ◽  
Enlong Zhu ◽  
Zongsheng Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Equilibrium Moisture Content ◽  
Sorption Capacity ◽  
Water Activity ◽  
Sorption Isotherms ◽  
Moisture Sorption ◽  
Isosteric Heat ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Desorption Process ◽  
Moisture Sorption Isotherms

Abstract Moisture sorption isotherms of green soybean seeds were determined by static gravimetric method and water activity ranging from 0.11to 0.94 at 20, 30 and 40°C. The optimal sorption model of green soybean was determined by using nonlinear regression method. Modified BET multilayer sorption theory model parameters at different temperatures were calculated, isosteric sorption heat was derived by the water activity sorption isosteric model. Results indicated that sorption isotherms were belong to type III behaviour, a notable hysteresis effect was observed, Green soybean monolayer saturated sorption capacity was greater in desorption process than that of adsorption. The monolayer saturated sorption capacity decreased with increasing temperature, while the number of multilayer had a reverse trend with the monolayer saturated sorption capacity, the optimal sorption isotherm model for green soybean is Halsey model, The thermodynamic parameters including net isosteric heat of adsorption and desorption calculated at 40°C were 105.2-1865.4 kJ/kg and 111.62-1939.0 kJ/kg with equilibrium moisture content between 5% and 32% (d.b.), respectively. The net isosteric heat of sorption decreased with increasing equilibrium moisture content.

scholarly journals Physico-chemical Characterization, Classification and Quality Evaluation of Date Palm Fruits of some Moroccan Cultivars

2010 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 139 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Hasanaoui ◽  
M. A. Elhoumaizi ◽  
A. Hakkou ◽  
B. Wathelet ◽  
M. Sindic
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Water Activity ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Good Tool ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
Predominant Component ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Approximate Composition ◽  
Palm Fruits

Fourteen native date cultivars from different oases and regions of Morocco, Tunisia and Algeria were examined for their approximate composition, water activity, and CIELAB parameters. Sugars were the predominant component in all studied date cultivars (~ 54.14 - 75.56 g/100g dry matter), followed by moisture content (~7.2 - 31.9%), along with small amount of protein (~1.9 - 3.3g/100g dry matter), fat (~ 0.1 - 0.44g/100g dry matter), and ash (~1.88 - 3.45g/100 g dry matter). Dates with early maturity had the highest water activity (0.78 - 0.87) in contrast to late maturing dates cultivars. In the Deglet Nour (Tunisia) and Aziza bouzid (Morocco) cultivars, sucrose is dominant, whereas, the majority of other cultivars were rich in fructose and glucose in comparable proportions. No significant changes were observed in the approximate composition of samples of different geographical origins. All cultivars show significant differences in color. The date with late maturity (from Assiane, Aziza bouzid and Boufeggous gharas locations of Morocco) were characterized by higher L*, a*, b* than the other date cultivars. Chemical composition of dates seems to be a good tool for fruit physiological and technological ability studies.Keywords: Date fruit; Reducing sugars; Moisture content; Maturity.© 2011 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved.doi:10.3329/jsr.v3i1.6062                J. Sci. Res. 3 (1), 139-149 (2011)

scholarly journals Effect of glauconite, sepiolite and oil supplementation on pellet quality parameters in poultry compound feed

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 2391
Author(s):  
G. YILDIZ ◽  
Ö. DURNA AYDIN
Keyword(s):  
Water Activity ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Pellet Quality ◽  
Pellet Production ◽  
Durability Index ◽  
Pellet Feed ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Different Levels

The aim of this study was conducted to determine the effect of glauconite, sepiolite and oil on pellet quality parameters in poultry compound feed. There are limited studies with supplementation of different levels of sepiolite and glauconite clay minerals in diets about pellet quality during the pelleting processes. Thus, the effect of sepiolite and glauconite on pellet quality parameters was investigated in our study. The study was carried out in two different. Firstly, 1% and 2% levels sepiolite and glauconite were added to each concentrate in pellet production without adding oil. Secondly, 1% and 2% levels of sepiolite, glauconite and 1% oil were added to the concentrates during pelleting. In both experiments, the trial consisted of 1 control and 4 trial groups. Pellet concentrate feeds were produced with 7 batches (each batch was 100 kg). The disc that has hole diameter 3.5 mm and wall thickness of 70 mm was used in production. At the end of the study, dry matter level of the pellets was statistically influenced by the addition of sepiolite, glauconite and oil in poultry compound pellet feed The lowest pellet dry matter value belongs to C and CO groups (p<0.05). Pellet durability index of poultry compound pellet feed were not statistically affected by the addition of sepiolite, glauconite and oil. Pellet water activity of poultry compound pellet feed were not statistically affected by the addition of sepiolite, glauconite and oil. However, the pellet water activity of laying hens pellet concentrates (without oil addition) were statistically affected by the addition of sepiolite and glauconite (p<0.05). Pellet water activity has the lowest value especially in the groups in which glauconite is added. In conclusion, these findings showed that glauconite, sepiolite and oil can be used for pellet quality in poultry compound feed (especially laying hen feed) and improve pellet storage conditions and due to the positive effect of glauconite and sepiolite on pellet water activity.

scholarly journals Desorption isotherms and isosteric heat of 'cajuzinho-do-cerrado' achenes

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 481-486 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karine F. Barbosa ◽  
Juliana de F. Sales ◽  
Osvaldo Resende ◽  
Daniel E. C. de Oliveira ◽  
Jacson Zuchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Water Activity ◽  
National Park ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Isosteric Heat ◽  
Static Method ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Desorption Isotherms ◽  
The One ◽  
Content Range

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to determine the desorption isotherms of 'cajuzinho-do-cerrado' achenes (Anacardium humile St. Hil.) in various conditions of temperature and water activity, as well as to select the one that best represents the phenomenon and to determine the isosteric heat of desorption. The fruits were collected at the Emas National Park, in the municipality of Mineiros-GO, Brazil, pulped and then subjected to drying in silica gel at temperature of 25 ± 2 °C until the moisture contents of 17.6, 13.6, 11.1, 8.7 and 5.3 (d.b.%). After drying, the desorption isotherms were determined by the indirect static method. The water activity (Aw) was determined at different temperatures, and the achenes were placed in a B.O.D. chamber, regulated at 10, 20, 30 and 40 °C. Data of hygroscopic equilibrium moisture content were fitted to different mathematical models through non-linear regression analysis, using the Gauss-Newton method. The Copace model was the one that best represented the hygroscopicity of 'cajuzinho-do-cerrado' achenes, while the integral isosteric heat of desorption of 'cajuzinho-do-cerrado' achenes for the moisture content range of 4.51 to 13.40 (% d.b.) varied from 2,734.82 to 2,548.49 kJ kg-1.

scholarly journals Thermodynamic properties of water sorption of jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.) as a function of moisture content

2013 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 199-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Paula Prette ◽  
Francisco de Assis Cardoso Almeida ◽  
Harvey Alexander Villa-vélez ◽  
Javier Telis-Romero
Keyword(s):  
Thermodynamic Properties ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Water Activity ◽  
Water Sorption ◽  
Gravimetric Method ◽  
Isosteric Heat ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Artocarpus Heterophyllus ◽  
Biological Damage ◽  
Desorption Isotherms

The Jackfruit tree is one of the most significant trees in tropical home gardens and perhaps the most widespread and useful tree in the important genus Artocarpus. The fruit is susceptible to mechanical and biological damage in the mature state, and some people find the aroma of the fruit objectionable, particularly in confined spaces. The dehydration process could be an alternative for the exploitation of this product, and the relationship between moisture content and water activity provides useful information for its processing and storage. The aim of this study was to determine the thermodynamic properties of the water sorption of jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.) as a function of moisture content. Desorption isotherms of the different parts of the jackfruit (pulp, peduncle, mesocarp, peel, and seed) were determined at four different temperatures (313.15, 323.15, 333.15, and 343.15 K) in a water activity range of 0.02-0.753 using the static gravimetric method. Theoretical and empirical models were used to model the desorption isotherms. An analytical solution of the Clausius-Clapeyron equation was proposed to calculate the isosteric heat of sorption, the differential entropy, and Gibbs' free energy using the Guggenhein-Anderson-de Boer and Oswin models considering the effect of temperature on the hygroscopic equilibrium.

scholarly journals Evaluation of physicochemical characteristics and digestibility of an extrudate with common bean for pigs

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. e2172
Author(s):  
Elia Esther Araiza-Rosales ◽  
José Natividad Gurrola-Reyes ◽  
Francisco Óscar Carrete-Carreón ◽  
Juan Fernando Sánchez-Arroyo ◽  
Carlos Urban Haubi-Segura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Water Activity ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Water Solubility ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Bean Flour ◽  
Extruded Feed

Objective: To evaluate the physicochemical properties of an extruded feed using bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) as a soymeal substitute and to perform pig growth trials, evaluating nitrogen digestibility. Materials and methods: This research was divided into two stages, the first one consisted on the standardization of the extruded feed, where two formulations of bean flour (Pinto Saltillo variety), cornflour (Cafime variety), and soybean meal were evaluated: 20/67/13% and 30/60/10%, respectively. Samples were processed in a single screw extruder at 120-150°C and moisture content of 18-22%. Evaluated physicochemical properties were: expansion index, bulk density, water absorption index, water solubility index, hardness, water activity and color parameters: L*(clarity), a*(red-green chromaticity) and b* (yellow/blue chromaticity). In the second stage, the in vitro dry matter digestibility and fecal apparent digestibility were evaluated using the optimal treatment obtained from stage 1. Results:  Optimal conditions for the 20% of bean flour formulation were: Temperature of 124.4°C and moisture content of 18.59%. Extrusion temperature decreased bulk density, hardness, and water activity, but increased L* and expansion index. Moisture content decreased bulk density, water activity, hardness, and a*. In vitro dry matter digestibility was higher for the extruded bean diet in comparison to the control diet (92.33% vs. 85.33%). Conclusions: Results indicated that bean flour is a viable option for animal consumption in terms of nutritional value and good digestibility.

scholarly journals Desorption isotherms and isosteric heat of niger grains (Guizotia abyssinica (L. f.) Cass.)

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valdiney Cambuy Siqueira ◽  
Fernanda Pimentel Da Silva ◽  
Wellytton Darci Quequeto ◽  
Rodrigo Aparecido Jordan ◽  
Rafael Araujo Leite ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Water Activity ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Oil Quality ◽  
Gravimetric Method ◽  
Isosteric Heat ◽  
Seed Moisture Content ◽  
Desorption Isotherms

Niger seed oil has excellent quality and quantity (30-50%) and is rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids, mainly linoleic acid (about 70%). Thus, control of environmental temperature and relative humidity, and of seed moisture content is essential to maintain seed oil quality during storage. Thus, the objective of this study was to determine the desorption isotherms of niger seeds under different temperature and water activity conditions, to test the experimental data with different mathematical models, and discover which best represents the phenomenon, as well as calculate the isosteric heat value for the product. Hygroscopicity was determined by the static gravimetric method, at temperatures of 30, 35 and 40 ºC, and water activity between 0.07 and 0.79 (decimal). For the experimental data, mathematical models commonly used to test hygroscopicity in agricultural products were evaluated. From the results obtained, it was concluded that: water activity increases as moisture content rises; based on the statistical parameters, the models of Chung and Pfost, modified Henderson, Oswin, Sabbah, Sigma Copace, Halsey, Smith and Copace appropriatrely represented the desorption phenomenon of niger seeds; total isosteric desorption heat increased with reduction of moisture content, with values varying from 2539.62 to 3081.48 kJ kg-1, within the range of equilibrium moisture content of 2.4 to 12.2 (% dry basis).

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document