scholarly journals Microwave Supported Treatment of Sewage Sludge

2016 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 286-291 ◽  
Author(s):  
František Janíček ◽  
Milan Perný ◽  
Vladimír Šály ◽  
Markus Giemza ◽  
Peter Hofmann
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Microwave Irradiation ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Microwave Treatment ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Volume Index ◽  
Microscopic Structure ◽  
Sludge Volume Index ◽  
The Impact

Abstract This work is focused on microwave treatment of sewage sludge. The aim of our experiments was to investigate the impact of microwave radiation upon different sewage sludge parameters such as concentration of nitrates and nitrites, phosphates, COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand), SVI (Sludge Volume Index) and the microscopic structure of sludge. The experiments with microwave irradiation of sewage sludge indicate that moderate microwave power causes visible effects on the chemical, physical and biological properties of the sludge. The calculation of profitability and energy efficiency is also presented.

scholarly journals Migration and transformation of heavy metals during the microwave-assisted thermal hydrolysis of sewage sludge

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunsheng Qiu ◽  
Jinxin Zheng ◽  
Chenchen Wang ◽  
Bingbing Wang ◽  
Nannan Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Ecological Risk ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Microwave Treatment ◽  
Potential Ecological Risk ◽  
Ammonium Nitrogen ◽  
Thermal Hydrolysis ◽  
Microwave Assisted

Abstract The migration, transformation and ecological risk of heavy metals (Cr, As, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb) in the sewage sludge during the microwave-assisted thermal hydrolysis process were investigated under different temperatures (80 °C, 100 °C, 120 °C, 140 °C, and 160 °C). The potential relationship between the bio-availability of heavy metals and the variables of microwave treatment, including pH, ammonium-nitrogen, soluble chemical oxygen demand, pH, soluble protein, soluble polysaccharide and volatile solid, was also explored. The results showed that the migration of heavy metals between solid-liquid phase mainly depended on the temperature. The percentage of all heavy metals (except Cu) in mobile (acid-soluble/exchangeable and reducible) forms decreased after microwave-assisted thermal hydrolysis treatment. The solubilization of compounds with C = O and O-H accompanied with the generation of organic and inorganic metal halides were also observed in the treated sludge through fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis. NH4+-N showed the highest negative correlation to the bio-availability of most heavy metals (except Cu and Cr) with coefficients (absolute value) over 0.87 (P < 0.05). VS showed a positive correlation to the bio-availability of most heavy metals (except Cu). The total potential ecological risk index (RI) decreased by 46.65% after microwave treatment at 160 °C.

Improvement of the intersection method for the quantification of filamentous organisms: basis and practice for bulking and foaming bioindication purposes

2016 ◽  
Vol 74 (6) ◽  
pp. 1274-1282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Humbert Salvadó
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Volume Index ◽  
Filament Length ◽  
Improved Method ◽  
Sludge Volume Index ◽  
Filamentous Microorganisms ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Intersection Method ◽  
The Impact

Bulking and foaming phenomena in activated sludge wastewater treatment plants are in most cases related to the abundance of filamentous microorganisms. Quantifying these microorganisms should be a preliminary stage in their control. In this paper, the simplicity of quantifying them based on the intersection method is demonstrated, by redescribing the theory and applying a new improved protocol; new data of interest are also provided. The improved method allows us to use it with stained smears, including epifluorescence techniques. The error that could be made, when considering the distribution of filamentous bacteria in fresh microscope preparations in two dimensions rather than three is negligible. The effect of the different types of filamentous microorganisms on the settleability was also studied. The effect of the total extended filament length on the sludge settleability was shown to depend on the type of filamentous organism and how it aggregates. When these groups of filamentous organisms are found in small aggregations and there is an increase in the number of filamentous organisms, the sludge volume index (SVI) increases proportionally to the filament length. However, when aggregation increases, the impact on the SVI is significantly lower.

scholarly journals PENGARUH CO-PRECIPITATION BESI KLORIDA TERHADAP KINERJA LUMPUR AKTIF PADA PROSES PENGOLAHAN AIR LIMBAH DOMESTIK SINTETIK

REAKTOR ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 182
Author(s):  
Dian Fatikha Aristiami ◽  
I Nyoman Widiasa
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Suspended Solid ◽  
Volume Index ◽  
Sludge Volume Index ◽  
Mixed Liquor Suspended Solid ◽  
Effluent Quality ◽  
Co Precipitation ◽  
Settling Characteristics

The increase of population leads to an increase of the quantity of domestic wastewater. Activated sludge system is the most cost-efective to treat the domestic wastewater treatment. This study is aimed to evaluate the co-precipitation coagulant effect of FeCl3 on the growth of activated sludge, settling characteristics of the activated sludge, and effluent quality. sludge sedimentation characteristics (settling) as well as on the effluent quality. The activated sludge systems were operated in batch mode and synthetic domestic wastewaters with C:N:P ratio of 100:5:1 were used as feed wastewater. The growth of activated sludge was based on concentration of Mixed Liquor Suspended Solid (MLSS), settling characteristics of activated sludge was based on value of Sludge Volume Index (SVI), and effluent quality was based on turbidity, colour, N-ammonia concentration, and Chemical Oxygen Demand content. Results indicate that inhibition effect of FeCl3 to activated sludge activity was not significant at dosage ≤ 30 mg/L. Good settling characterisic (SVI 70-150 mg/L) was achieved at dosage of 20-30 mg/L. Finally, the best effluent quality, i.e. turbidity (9.4), colour (96), amonia removal (83.6%), and COD removal (72.97%), at dosage of 30 mg/L. Keywords: activated sludge; co-precipitation; domestic wastewater; wastewater treatment Abstrak Peningkatan jumlah penduduk mengakibatkan kenaikan jumlah air limbah domestik. Sistem lumpur aktif merupakan proses yang paling efektif untuk mengolah air limbah domestik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh co-precipitation koagulan FeCl3 terhadap pertumbuhan lumpur aktif, karakteristik pengendapan lumpur aktif, dan kualitas efluen. Sistem lumpur aktif dioperasikan secara curah dan umpan air limbah yang digunakan adalah air limbah domestik sintesis dengan rasio C:N:P = 100:5:1. Pertumbuhan lumpur aktif  berdasarkan konsentrasi Mixed Liquor Suspended Solid (MLSS), karakteristik pengendapan lumpur berdasarkan  nilai Sludge Volume Index (SVI), dan kualitas efluen berdasarkan tingkat kekeruhan, warna, kadar N-amonia dan kadar Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa inhibisi FeCl3 terhadap aktivitas lumpur aktif tidak signifikan pada dosis ≤ 30 mg/L. Karakteristik pengendapan yang baik (SVI 70-150 mg/L) tercapai pada dosis 20-30 mg/L. Kualitas efluen terbaik, yaitu  kekeruhan (9,4),  warna (96), penyisihan amonia (83,6%) dan penyisihan COD (72,97%), pada dosis 30 mg/L. Kata kunci: lumpur aktif; co-precipitation; air limbah domestik; pengolahan air limbah  

Energy efficiency of pre-treating excess sewage sludge with microwave irradiation

2010 ◽  
Vol 101 (14) ◽  
pp. 5092-5097 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bing Tang ◽  
Linfeng Yu ◽  
Shaosong Huang ◽  
Jianzhong Luo ◽  
Ying Zhuo
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Microwave Irradiation

Granulation of anaerobic sludge in the sulfate-reducing up-flow sludge bed (SRUSB) of SANI® process

2013 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 560-566 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Hao ◽  
H. Lu ◽  
H. K. Chui ◽  
Mark C. M. van Loosdrecht ◽  
G. H. Chen
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Retention Time ◽  
Loading Rate ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Biomass Concentration ◽  
Volume Index ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Sludge Volume Index ◽  
Sulfate Reducing ◽  
Full Development ◽  
Sludge Granulation

This study reports on anaerobic sludge granulation in a laboratory-scale sulfate-reducing up-flow sludge bed (SRUSB) in a novel sulfate reduction, autotrophic denitrification and nitrification integrated (SANI®) process for treatment of saline sewage. Granulation occurred in 30 d and reached full development in 90 d. The sulfate-reducing granules grew up to around 1 mm after 90 d with 21 mL/g SVI5 (sludge volume index measured after 5 min) and the biomass concentration reached 29 g/L after 4 months' operation. The reactor removed 89% chemical oxygen demand (COD) and reduced 75% sulfate within 1 h of hydraulic retention time, under a COD loading rate of up to 6.4 kg COD/(m3 · d).

scholarly journals Batch electrochemical coagulation of real textile wastewater using Cu-SS and SS-Cu electrode combinations and its settleability aspects

2020 ◽  
Vol 82 (7) ◽  
pp. 1467-1483
Author(s):  
Hanumanthappa Srikantha ◽  
Mahesh Shivaswamy ◽  
Sahana Mahesh
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Cell Voltage ◽  
Textile Wastewater ◽  
Total Dissolved Solids ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Volume Index ◽  
Sludge Volume Index ◽  
Initial Value ◽  
Control Factors ◽  
Steel Electrodes

Abstract Copper and stainless steel electrodes were used in batch electrochemical coagulation (BECC) for the treatment of real textile wastewater using 16 electrode combinations. Out of 16 Cu-SS and SS-Cu combinations (eight combinations each), only 4SS and 3SS-1Cu electrodes operated at cell voltage of 18 V and current density of 180 A/m2 gave maximum color and chemical oxygen demand (COD) removals. The COD removal was observed to be 89.37% for 4SS and 72.34% for 3SS 1Cu electrodes from CODo 3,012 mg/L. Color removal was 97% and 98% from its initial value of 1,000 Pt-Co unit for 4SS and 3SS-1Cu combinations. Water quality parameters like total dissolved solids, chloride, nitrate, phosphate, and sulphate reduced from their initial values while using all 4SS and 3SS-1Cu electrode arrangements. Other control factors exercised for optimal operations were ECC floc settling pattern and sludge volume index (SVI). SVI values were found to be <100 mL/g for both electrode combinations.

scholarly journals The Impact of Different Powdered Mineral Materials on Selected Properties of Aerobic Granular Sludge

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Czarnota ◽  
Adam Masłoń ◽  
Monika Zdeb ◽  
Grzegorz Łagód
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Polymeric Substances ◽  
Granular Sludge ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Volume Index ◽  
Aerobic Granular Sludge ◽  
Batch Reactors ◽  
Sequencing Batch Reactors ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Mg Content

This study aimed to evaluate and compare the physical, chemical and biological properties of aerobic granular sludge from reactors with the addition of different powdered mineral materials. These properties have a significant impact on the efficiency of systems in which the biomass in granular form is used. Four identical granular sequencing batch reactors (GSBRs) were adopted for the research performed on a laboratory scale (R1—control reactor; R2, R3 and R4—with materials, PK, PG and PL respectively). The results indicate that the addition of powdered mineral materials improved the properties of biomass in reactors. The SVI5/SVI30 ratio values were significantly lower in the reactors with added materials (approx. 1.3 ± 0.3). The mean values of the sludge volume index at 30 min were the lowest in the R2 (39.8 ± 8.6 mL/g) and R4 (32.8 ± 10.7 mL/g) reactors. The settling velocity of biomass was the highest in the R2 reactor (15.4 ± 6.1 m/h). In the early days of the study, the highest extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) content was found in the biomass from the reactors to which the materials with higher Ca and Mg content were added (380.18–598.30 mg/g MLVSS). The rate of specific oxygen uptake (SOUR) by biomass indicated an insufficient biomass content in the R1 reactor—to 7.85 mg O2/(g MLVSS∙h)—while in the reactors with materials, the SOUR values were at the higher levels.

Pretreatment of Sewage Sludge by Low-frequency Ultrasound

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Basak Savun ◽  
Uwe Neis ◽  
Nilsun H. Ince ◽  
Orhan Yenigün
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Short Wave ◽  
Waste Activated Sludge ◽  
Total Dissolved Nitrogen ◽  
Low Frequency Ultrasound ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Frequency Ultrasound

AbstractThe key point of waste activated sludge (WAS) pretreatment is to rupture the cell wall for allowing the release of intracellular matter that acts as a bioavailable substrate in anaerobic digestion processes. In this regard, ultrasonic irradiation has been one of the most effective tools owing to the unique properties of ultrasound to produce extreme conditions in heterogeneous liquids such as waste activated sludge. The present study investigates the impact of short-frequency ultrasound on disintegration, biodegradability and dewatering characteristics of sewage sludge by monitoring soluble chemical oxygen demand (sCOD), dissolved organic carbon (DOC), soluble proteins, total dissolved nitrogen, particle size and dewaterability of raw and sonicated sludge samples to optimize the operating parameters. The results showed that short wave ultrasound is a highly effective method of WAS treatment, because it provides high degrees of disintegration and biomass transfer from sludge solids to the aqueous phase, thus resulting in enhanced biodegradability.

Considering the impact of intermittent discharges when modelling overflows

1998 ◽  
Vol 38 (10) ◽  
pp. 23-30
Author(s):  
Sarah Jubb ◽  
Philip Hulme ◽  
Ian Guymer ◽  
John Martin
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Preliminary Investigation ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Sediment Oxygen Demand ◽  
Combined Sewer Overflows ◽  
River Hydraulics ◽  
Combined Sewer ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Curve Equation

This paper describes a preliminary investigation that identified factors important in the prediction of river water quality, especially regarding dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration. Intermittent discharges from combined sewer overflows (CSOs) within the sewerage, and overflows at water reclamation works (WRW) cause dynamic conditions with respect to both river hydraulics and water quality. The impact of such discharges has been investigated under both wet and dry weather flow conditions. Data collected from the River Maun, UK, has shown that an immediate, transient oxygen demand exists downstream of an outfall during storm conditions. The presence of a delayed oxygen demand has also been identified. With regard to modelling, initial investigations used a simplified channel and the Streeter-Phelps (1925) dissolved oxygen sag curve equation. Later, a model taking into account hydrodynamic, transport and dispersion processes was used. This suggested that processes other than water phase degradation of organic matter significantly affect the dissolved oxygen concentration downstream of the location of an intermittent discharge. It is proposed that the dynamic rate of reaeration and the sediment oxygen demand should be the focus of further investigation.

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