Reference centile curves for wrist circumference for Indian children aged 3–18 years

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-190
Author(s):  
Vaman Khadilkar ◽  
Shashi Chiplonkar ◽  
Veena Ekbote ◽  
Neha Kajale ◽  
Rubina Mandlik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Roc Curve Analysis ◽  
Indian Children ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Wrist Circumference ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Gender Specific

Abstract Background: Childhood obesity and its consequences have reached alarming proportions worldwide and in India. Wrist circumference is emerging as an easily measurable reproducible parameter for screening children at risk of obesity-related morbidities such as hypertension and insulin resistance. The objectives of this study were: (1) to compute age and gender-specific wrist circumference percentiles for 3–18-year-old apparently healthy Indian children and adolescents; (2) to assess the relationship of wrist circumference with measures of obesity and adiposity such as body mass index (BMI), fat percentage and blood pressure (BP) and (3) to suggest age and gender-specific cut-offs for wrist circumference percentile for the risk of hypertension in Indian children and adolescents. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study on samples of 10,199 3–18-year-old children (5703 boys) from randomly selected schools from five major cities in India. Height, weight, waist and wrist circumference and BP were recorded. Body composition was measured using bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). Wrist circumference percentiles were computed using the LMS method. Results: The average wrist circumference of boys and girls was 10.4 cm and 10.0 cm at 3 years and increased to 15.1 cm and 13.9 cm, respectively, at 18 years. Compared to their Caucasian counterparts, Indian children’s wrists were smaller. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis derived the 70th percentile of wrist circumference as the cut-off for identifying the risk of hypertension. Conclusions: Contemporary cross-sectional reference percentile curves for wrist circumference for 3–18-year-old Indian children are presented. The 70th percentile of the current study is proposed as the cut-off to screen children for cardiometabolic risk factors such as hypertension.

FOUR-SITE SKINFOLDS THICKNESS PERCENTILES of SCHOOLCHILDREN and ADOLESCENTS in TURKEY

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-28
Author(s):  
Meltem Soylu ◽  
Nazlı Şensoy ◽  
İsmet Doğan ◽  
Nurhan Doğan ◽  
Mümtaz M. Mazicioğlu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Fat ◽  
Skinfold Thickness ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Specific Reference ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Lms Method ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Thickness Measurements ◽  
Gender Specific

Abstract Objective: The primary purpose of this study was to establish Turkish smoothed centile charts and LMS tables for four-site skinfold thickness based on a population-based sample and secondary purpose was to elaborate a reference for the percentage of body fat. Design: A cross-sectional and descriptive study was conducted between January and May 2017. Triceps, biceps and subscapular, suprailiac skinfold thickness were measured using Holtain skinfold caliper. Age and gender specific percentile values were determined with the LMS method, and body fat percentage was calculated using the Westrate and Deurenberg equation. Setting: Afyonkarahisar province in Turkey. Participants: This study was conducted on 4565, 6-18 years old students. Results: The triceps, biceps, and subscapular skinfolds of the girls were higher than the boys. From the age of seven, the sum of four skinfold thicknesses of the girls was more than those of the boys. This difference became more evident after the age of 12. Although fat percentages of girls showed a fluctuating change, it decreased with the age in boys. Westrate and Deurenberg equation fat percentages of girls until adolescence were lower than boys, but increased after 12 years of age and exceeded that of boys. Conclusions: This study has provided sex and age specific reference values for skinfold thickness, and has shown that obesity in girls is higher than in boys in schoolchildren in Afyonkarahisar. This study has also shown that skinfold thickness measurements are a valuable tool for screening obesity in children.

Percentile Charts for Body Mass Index of Indian Down Syndrome Children

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harvinder Kaur ◽  
Anil Kumar Bhalla ◽  
Inusha Panigrahi
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Down Syndrome ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
World Health ◽  
Growth Charts ◽  
Indian Children ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Gender Specific

AbstractGrowth charts are used to detect growth impairment, overweight, and obesity among Down syndrome (DS) children belonging to different population groups. Due to nonavailability of similar information, age, and gender specific body mass index (BMI) charts for DS children of Indian origin, based on serial data, have been developed. A total of 752 boys and 373 girls diagnosed as cases of DS at <1 month to 10 years of age enrolled from the “genetic clinic” were followed up in the “growth clinic/growth laboratory” of the institute, following a mixed-longitudinal growth research design. BMI was calculated from body weight and length/height measured at 6-month-age intervals by using standardized techniques and instruments. Age and sex-specific percentile growth charts for BMI were generated for age range <1 month to 10 years by using the LMS method. DS children remained wasted (BMI <3rd percentile) up to 6 months of age; thereafter, BMI increased to exhibit close similarity with their normal Multicentre Growth Reference Study (World Health Organization 2006) and Indian Academy of Pediatrics (2015) counterparts up to 5 to 10 years, respectively. The percentage of obese DS girls (8.76%) outnumbered boys with DS (4.1%). The use of age and gender specific BMI growth charts may be made for comparative purpose, to assess nutritional status of Indian children with DS, to initiate suitable need-based intervention to improve their overall health and for timely institution of target interventions to prevent growth faltering in this vulnerable population.

scholarly journals Age and gender specific association between obesity and depressive symptoms: a large-scale cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Liao ◽  
Zhicheng Luo ◽  
Yitan Hou ◽  
Ningning Cui ◽  
Xiaotian Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Specific Association ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Gender Specific

Abstract Background This is a cross-sectional study to explore the age and gender specific association between obesity and depression in Chinese rural adults. Methods A total of 29,900 eligible participants from the Henan Rural Cohort Study were included. Standard anthropometric measurements were undertaken to obtain data on body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC). The Patient Health Questionnaire-2 (PHQ-2) was utilized to discover depressive symptoms. Logistic regression was performed to explore the association between obesity (independent variable) and depressive symptoms (dependent variable). Results There were 1777 subjects with depressive symptoms, accounting for 5.94%. After multivariable adjustment, compared with normal weight group, the odds ratios (ORs) [95% confidence interval (CI)] for depressive symptoms in underweight, overweight and general obese groups were 1.41 (1.08–1.84), 0.87 (0.78–0.97) and 0.86 (0.74–0.99), respectively. Similarly, the OR (95% CI) of abdominal obesity group was 0.84 (0.76–0.93). Besides, there was linear decreasing trend of WC with depressive symptoms, but not BMI. Moreover, the inverse association between obesity and depressive symptoms was stronger in men and the elderly than that in women and the young. Conclusion Underweight was associated with a higher prevalence of depressive symptoms, which indicated that health care should pay attention to underweight as well as obesity, especially for women and the young. Clinical trial registration The Henan Rural Cohort Study has been registered at Chinese Clinical Trial Register (Registration number: ChiCTR-OOC-15006699). Date of registration: 2015-07-06.

scholarly journals Gait Seed and Sagittal Abdominal Diameter: The Results from the Handan Eye Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juping Liu ◽  
Jie Hao ◽  
Ye Zhang ◽  
Kai Cao ◽  
Xiaorong Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Analysis Data ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal Study ◽  
Sagittal Abdominal Diameter ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Sectional Analysis ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Gender Specific

Abstract Background The sagittal abdominal diameter (SAD) is more precise than body mass index (BMI) for predicting adverse events in elderly. While physical function and BMI is related, the relationship is uncertain. BMI and gait speed (GS) is related and have a U-shaped distribution. The objective was to examine the relationship between GS and SAD in men and women aged 50 years and older. Methods This was a cross-sectional analysis. Data from the Handan Eye Study (HES), a Chinese prospective longitudinal study with participants randomly selected from the Yongnian county. Usual GS was measured over a 4 meters-track. SAD was categorized by interquartile: <18.0cm; 18.0-19.79cm; 19.8-21.89cm; ≥21.9cm. Unadjusted and adjusted analyses of covariance were performed to estimate the gender-specific means (and 95% CI) of GS (in m/s) according to SAD categories. Results The current analyses were performed in 2852 participants. Mean age was 56.16 years for women and 56.54 years for men. The unadjusted means of GS were 0.995 (95% CI 0.972-1.019) m/s in SAD Q1 participants, 0.991 (95% CI 0.968-1.014) m/s in SAD Q2, 0.986 (95% CI 0.964-1.007) m/s in SAD Q3 and 0.961 (95% CI 0.937-0.985) m/s in SAD Q4 individuals in women. The similar trend presented in men [Q1: 0.993 (95%CI 0.969-1.016) m/s; Q2: 0.980 (95%CI 0.956-1.004); Q3: 0.944 (95%CI 0.918-0.970); Q4: 0.948 (95%CI 0.923-0.973)]. After adjustment for age, the reported trends between GS and SAD in categories were largely confirmed in women, but not in men. Conclusions Age and gender should be considered when we explore the relationship between GS and SAD in elderly.

Age and Gender Specific Variations in Attitudes to Performance Enhancing Drugs and Methods. A Cross-Sectional Study

2012 ◽  
Vol 21 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 29-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Singhammer
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Age Variations ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Performance Enhancing Drugs ◽  
Gender Specific ◽  
Performance Enhancing

Abstract Background: Little is known about age and gender specific attitudes to performance enhancing drugs and methods or other characteristics by which attitudes may vary. Methods: Using a population based cross-sectional sample of 1,703 Danish men and women aged 15-60 years, the present study examined age and gender variation in attitudes to performance enhancing drugs and methods. Response rate was 34 %. Information on attitudes was collected by questionnaire. Results: Overall, participants held negative attitudes to drugs and methods enhancing predominantly cognitive abilities enhancing performance drugs and to appearance modifying methods, but were positive to drugs for restoring physical functioning conditions. However, attitudes varied nonlinearly across age. Lenient attitudes peaked at age around 25 and subsequently decreased. Lenient attitudes to use of drugs against common disorders decreased in a linear fashion. No gender differences were observed and attitude did not vary with level of education, self-reported health or weekly hours of physical activity. Conclusion: The present study expands existing knowledge about attitudes toward PEDM with respect to age and gender specific differences. Future studies should take age variations into account, when examining attitudes to PEDM in the general population.

scholarly journals Spinal curvatures of children and adolescents – a cross-sectional study

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Grabara ◽  
Anna Bieniec ◽  
Agnieszka Nawrocka
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Lumbar Lordosis ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Spinal Curvatures ◽  
Sport Training ◽  
And Gender

Summary Study aim: The aim was to assess the spinal curvatures of primary and lower secondary male and female students from Silesia and to identify individual variations that can determine spinal posture.Material and methods: The study involved 331 girls and 286 boys aged 8 to 16 years. Eligible criteria were non-participation in any professional sport training, and participation in mandatory physical education classes. Posture was evaluated using the moiré method. Measurements of somatic parameters were made with a medical scale using a height meter and a Tanita electronic balance.Results: Dimorphic postural differences of boys and girls were seen mainly in the shape of lumbar lordosis. Girls were more lordotic than boys at all ages except 10-years-olds. Angle γ was significantly greater in 9-, 15- and 16-year-old girls than boys. LLA was significantly more prominent in 15- and 16-year-old girls than boys. Thoracic kyphosis was significantly more prominent in 8- and 11-year-old boys than girls. We also found a significant effect of age and somatic parameters. In boys mean lumbar lordosis was more pronounced in 10-year-olds. In girls fat mass, fat percentage and BMI correlated with angle α and angle Δ. In boys body height and mass, fat mass, total body water and BMI correlated with angles β, γ, Δ, and lordosis lumbar angle.Conclusions: The shape of lumbar lordosis is associated with age and gender. Lumbar lordosis decreases with age in male children and adolescents. Our study revealed poor correlations between sagittal spinal curvatures and somatic parameters.

scholarly journals A typical working-day breakfast among children, adolescents and adults belonging to the middle and upper socio-economic classes in Mumbai, India – challenges and implications for dietary change

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. 2040-2046 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malathi Sivaramakrishnan ◽  
Vidya Kamath
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Dietary Recall ◽  
Breakfast Meal ◽  
Breakfast Skipping ◽  
Adolescents And Adults ◽  
Working Day ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Gender Groups ◽  
Gender Specific

AbstractObjectiveBreakfast has been linked to several aspects of health, yet breakfast skipping is rampant across the globe. Studies in India have focused mostly on children. Hence the present study examined breakfast behaviour across different age and gender groups.DesignCross-sectional sample, purposive sampling. Nutrient intakes of the participants derived from 24 h dietary recall and 3 d breakfast record data were compared with RDA values prescribed by the Indian Council of Medical Research using Student'sttest, withP< 0·05 taken to indicate significance.SettingMumbai, India.SubjectsParticipants (n1027) aged 8 years and above.ResultsNutritional adequacy of the breakfast meal and that of the day's diet were the main outcome measures. Eighty-one per cent of the participants had a nutritionally inadequate breakfast. Intakes of Fe and dietary fibre were notably low. Consumption of just milk or milk plus a milk food-based drink among schoolchildren (49 %) and increased breakfast skipping among adolescents (37 %) were seen.ConclusionsThe study identifies both irregularities and/or nutritional inadequacies with respect to the breakfast meal. Age- and gender-specific challenges in breakfast behaviour need to be addressed. Development of ‘nutrient-dense’ breakfast foods that can be prepared easily, school breakfast programmes and education on the importance of breakfast are the needs of the hour.

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