Association of sleep characteristics with adiposity markers in children

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (7) ◽  
pp. 845-852
Author(s):  
Theresa Herttrich ◽  
Johann Daxer ◽  
Andreas Hiemisch ◽  
Jens Kluge ◽  
Andreas Merkenschlager ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Sleep Diary ◽  
Apnea Hypopnea Index ◽  
Prepubertal Children ◽  
Arousal Index ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Obesity In Children

AbstractBackgroundAccumulating evidence suggests a relationship between sleep alterations and overweight/obesity in children. Our aim was to investigate the association of sleep measures other than obstructive sleep apnea or sleep duration with overweight/obesity and metabolic function in children.MethodsWe conducted a prospective cohort study in school- aged children (aged 5 to 8 years, prepubertal, and 12 to 15 years, pubertal) with overweight/obesity and normal-weight children. All children underwent a standardized in-laboratory polysomnography followed by a fasting blood assessment for glucose and metabolic testing. Subjective sleep measures were investigated by a 7-day sleep diary and questionnaire. We analyzed prepubertal and pubertal groups separately using logistic regression and partial correlation analyses.ResultsA total of 151 participants were analyzed. Overweight/obese children had significantly higher odds for arousal index (prepubertal children: 1.28, Confidence interval (CI): 1.06, 1.67; pubertal children: 1.65, CI: 1.19, 2.29) than normal-weight children, independent of age and gender. In prepubertal children, arousal-index was positively associated with C-peptide (r=0.30, p=0.01), whereas Minimum O2 saturation was negatively associated with triglycerides (r=−0.34, p=0.005), adjusting for age and sex. However, associations were attenuated by further adjustment for body mass index standard deviation scores (BMI-SDS). In pubertal children, higher level of apnea-hypopnea-index and pCO2 predicted increased lipoprotein (a) levels (r=0.35, p=0.03 and r=0.40, p=0.01, respectively), independent of age, sex, and BMI-SDS. A negative association was found between pCO2 and high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol (r=−0.40, p=0.01).ConclusionsOverall, we report that sleep quality as measured by arousal index may be compromised by overweight and obesity in children and warrants attention in future intervention programs.

scholarly journals Monocyte to HDL cholesterol ratio as a marker of the presence and severity of obstructive sleep apnea in hypertensive patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Sun ◽  
Chao Liang ◽  
Hui Lin ◽  
Yuezhi Meng ◽  
Qunzhong Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Apnea Hypopnea Index ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Cholesterol Ratio ◽  
Obstructive Sleep

AbstractThis study aimed to investigate the correlation between monocyte to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (MHR) and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in patients with hypertension. A total of 246 hypertensive patients (67 controls, 65 mild, 51 moderate, and 63 severe OSA) were included. The relationship between MHR and OSA was analyzed. MHR correlated positively with apnea–hypopnea index (AHI), while negatively with mean SpO2 (P < 0.01). MHR was higher in OSA group than the control group (9.2 ± 2.6 vs. 10.8 ± 3.6, P < 0.001). Moreover, MHR in severe OSA group was the highest among all groups (9.2 ± 2.6, 10.2 ± 3.2, 10.4 ± 4.0, and 11.8 ± 3.4 in control, mild, moderate, and severe OSA group, respectively, P < 0.001). Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that MHR was an independent predictor of the presence of OSA (OR = 1.152, P < 0.01) and severe OSA (OR = 1.142, P < 0.01). Area under the curve of MHR was 0.634 (P < 0.05) and 0.660 (P < 0.05) for predicting OSA and severe OSA respectively in the ROC analysis. In conclusion, MHR increased with the severity of OSA. As a practical and cost-effective test, MHR was expected to be an available marker in evaluating OSA risk and severity in hypertensive patients.

scholarly journals Monocyte to HDL cholesterol ratio as a marker of the presence and severity of obstructive sleep apnea in hypertensive patients

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Sun ◽  
Chao Liang ◽  
Hui Lin ◽  
Yuezhi Meng ◽  
Qunzhong Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Apnea Hypopnea Index ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Cholesterol Ratio ◽  
Obstructive Sleep

Abstract This study aimed to investigate the correlation between monocyte to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (MHR) and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in patients with hypertension. A total of 246 hypertensive patients (67 controls, 65 mild, 51 moderate, and 63 severe OSA) were included. The relationship between MHR and OSA was analyzed. MHR correlated positively with apnea-hypopnea index (AHI), while negatively with mean SpO2 (P < 0.01). MHR was higher in OSA group than the control group (9.2 ± 2.6 vs. 10.8 ± 3.6, P < 0.001). Moreover, MHR in severe OSA group was the highest among all groups (9.2 ± 2.6, 10.2 ± 3.2, 10.4 ± 4.0, and 11.8 ± 3.4 in control, mild, moderate, and severe OSA group, respectively, P < 0.001). Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that MHR was an independent predictor of the presence of OSA (OR = 1.152, P < 0.01) and severe OSA (OR = 1.144, P < 0.01). Area under the curve of MHR was 0.634 (P < 0.05) and 0.660 (P < 0.05) for predicting OSA and severe OSA respectively in the ROC analysis. In conclusion, MHR increased with the severity of OSA. As a practical and cost-effective test, MHR was expected to be an available marker in evaluating OSA risk and severity in hypertensive patients.

Is overweight/obesity a risk factor for atopic allergic disease in prepubertal children? A case–control study

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aysel Vehapoglu ◽  
Zeynep Ebru Cakın ◽  
Feyza Ustabas Kahraman ◽  
Mustafa Atilla Nursoy ◽  
Ali Toprak
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Allergic Disease ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Prepubertal Children ◽  
Body Weight Status ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract Objectives It is unclear whether body weight status (underweight/normal weight/overweight/obese) is associated with allergic disease. Our objective was to investigate the relationship between body weight status (body mass index; BMI) and atopic allergic disease in prepubertal children, and to compare children with atopic allergic diseases with non atopic healthy children. Methods A prospective cross sectional study of 707 prepubertal children aged 3–10 years was performed; the participants were 278 atopic children with physician-diagnosed allergic disease (allergic rhinitis and asthma) (serum total IgE level >100 kU/l and eosinophilia >4%, or positivity to at least one allergen in skin test) and 429 non atopic healthy age- and sex-matched controls. Data were collected between December 2019 and November 2020 at the Pediatric General and Pediatric Allergy Outpatient Clinics of Bezmialem Vakıf University Hospital. Results Underweight was observed in 11.6% of all participants (10.8% of atopic children, 12.2% of healthy controls), and obesity in 14.9% of all participants (18.0% of atopic children, 12.8% of controls). Obese (OR 1.71; 95% CI: 1.08–2.71, p=0.021), and overweight status (OR 1.62; 95% CI: 1.06–2.50, p=0.026) were associated with an increased risk of atopic allergic disease compared to normal weight in pre-pubertal children. This association did not differ by gender. There was no relationship between underweight status and atopic allergic disease (OR 1.03; 95% CI: 0.63–1.68, p=0.894). Conclusions Overweight and obesity were associated with an increased risk of atopic allergic disease compared to normal weight among middle-income and high-income pre pubertal children living in Istanbul.

scholarly journals Effect of a Graduated Walking Program on the Severity of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome. A Randomized Clinical Trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (17) ◽  
pp. 6334
Author(s):  
Antonio Jurado-García ◽  
Guillermo Molina-Recio ◽  
Nuria Feu-Collado ◽  
Ana Palomares-Muriana ◽  
Adela María Gómez-González ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome ◽  
Sleep Apnea Syndrome ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Apnea Hypopnea Index ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Apnea Syndrome

Background: Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is a common disease. The objective of this research was to determine the effectiveness of a graduated walking program in reducing the apnea–hypopnea index number in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). Methods: A randomized controlled clinical trial with a two-arm parallel in three tertiary hospitals was carried out with seventy sedentary patients with moderate to severe OSAS. Twenty-nine subjects in each arm were analyzed by protocol. The control group received usual care, while usual care and an exercise program based on progressive walks without direct supervision for 6 months were offered to the intervention group. Results: The apnea–hypopnea index decreased by six points in the intervention group, and improvements in oxygen desaturation index, total cholesterol, and Low-Density Lipoprotein of Cholesterol (LDL-c) were observed. A higher decrease in sleep apnea–hypopnea index (45 ± 20.6 vs. 34 ± 26.3/h; p = 0.002) was found in patients with severe vs. moderate OSAS, as well as in oxygen desaturation index from baseline values (43.3 vs. 34.3/h; p = 0.046). Besides, High-Density Lipoprotein of Cholesterol (HDL-c) values showed a higher increase in the intervention group (45.3 vs. 49.5 mg/dL; p = 0.009) and also, a higher decrease in LDL-c was found in this group (141.2 vs. 127.5 mg/dL; p = 0.038). Conclusion: A home physical exercise program is a useful and viable therapeutic measure for the management of OSAS.

scholarly journals Predicting Polysomnography Parameters from Anthropometric Features and Breathing Sounds Recorded during Wakefulness

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 905
Author(s):  
Ahmed Elwali ◽  
Zahra Moussavi
Keyword(s):  
Primary Outcome ◽  
Screening Tool ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Random Forest Classifier ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
Apnea Hypopnea Index ◽  
Bilinear Model ◽  
Arousal Index ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Anthropometric Features

Background: The apnea/hypopnea index (AHI) is the primary outcome of a polysomnography assessment (PSG) for determining obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) severity. However, other OSA severity parameters (i.e., total arousal index, mean oxygen saturation (SpO2%), etc.) are crucial for a full diagnosis of OSA and deciding on a treatment option. PSG assessments and home sleep tests measure these parameters, but there is no screening tool to estimate or predict the OSA severity parameters other than the AHI. In this study, we investigated whether a combination of breathing sounds recorded during wakefulness and anthropometric features could be predictive of PSG parameters. Methods: Anthropometric information and five tracheal breathing sound cycles were recorded during wakefulness from 145 individuals referred to an overnight PSG study. The dataset was divided into training, validation, and blind testing datasets. Spectral and bispectral features of the sounds were evaluated to run correlation and classification analyses with the PSG parameters collected from the PSG sleep reports. Results: Many sound and anthropometric features had significant correlations (up to 0.56) with PSG parameters. Using combinations of sound and anthropometric features in a bilinear model for each PSG parameter resulted in correlation coefficients up to 0.84. Using the evaluated models for classification with a two-class random-forest classifier resulted in a blind testing classification accuracy up to 88.8% for predicting the key PSG parameters such as arousal index. Conclusions: These results add new value to the current OSA screening tools and provide a new promising possibility for predicting PSG parameters using only a few seconds of breathing sounds recorded during wakefulness without conducting an overnight PSG study.

Abstract P544: Sleep Apnea Severity is More Strongly Associated With Cardiovascular Health Than a Composite Measure of Sleep Health in Adults With Sleep Apnea and Diabetes

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 141 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher C Imes ◽  
Zhadyra Bizhanova ◽  
Christopher E Kline ◽  
Susan M Sereika ◽  
Eileen Chasens
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Diary ◽  
Time Range ◽  
Apnea Hypopnea Index ◽  
Sleep Health ◽  
Health Measures ◽  
Lipid Panel ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Good Sleep

Introduction: Sleep health is multi-dimensional. The RSATED Sleep Health composite score, hereafter referred to as RSATED, includes regularity, satisfaction, alertness, timing, efficiency, and duration. RSATED has been associated with cardiovascular (CV) health in a nationally representative sample. However, the association between RSATED and CV health in adults with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have not been examined. Purpose: This secondary analysis examined the associations between RSATED and CV health measures including body mass index (BMI), lipid levels, and physical activity. Methods: We used baseline data from the Diabetes Sleep Treatment Trial, a randomized controlled trial that examined if adults with co-existing OSA and T2DM treated with continuous positive airway pressure had better glycemic control compared to participants that received a non-therapeutic treatment. Data collected included questionnaires, anthropometric measurements, a lipid panel, objective physical activity (PA) data (BodyMedia), apnea-hypopnea index (AHI; ApneaLink Pro), and a modified Consensus Sleep Diary. RSATED was calculated using up to 7 days of sleep data and Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS). Individual components were given a score of 0 or 1 with 1 representing “good” sleep. “Good” sleep was defined as: >80% of awakenings occurring during the same time range (regularity); mean sleep quality of “good” or “very good” (satisfaction); ESS total score ≤10 (alertness); >80% of sleep midpoint occurring between 2-4 am (timing); sleep efficiency ≥85% (efficiency); and mean sleep duration of 7-9 hrs/night (duration). The total score could range from 0-6; higher scores represented better sleep. The associations between RSATED and CV health measures were examined using linear regression models. All models were adjusted for AHI, marital status, race, age, and education. Results: A total of 350 individuals underwent screening. Of the 253 participants with complete data, the majority were female (52.2%) and white (54.2%) with a mean (± SD) age of 56.6 ± 10.5 yrs, BMI of 34.2 ± 7.1, and AHI of 14.1 ± 15.1. Mean RSATED was 2.8 ± 1.2 (range 0-5). The RSATED score was not associated with any of the CV health measures. However, there was a trend for significance for better sleep health to be associated with greater vigorous PA (b = 0.46, p = .08). Whereas, greater AHI was associated with higher BMI, higher total cholesterol, greater sedentary time, and less moderate- and vigorous-intensity PA (p-values from .05 to <.0001). Conclusions: Among adults with co-existing OSA and T2DM, AHI was more strongly associated with measures of CV health than RSATED. While sleep health is essential, the underlying impact of OSA on CV health and its treatment should remain a priority. Future studies should continue to examine the associations between sleep health and other measures of health and wellness.

scholarly journals Total Oxidant and Antioxidant Status in Prepubertal Children with Obesity

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grażyna Rowicka ◽  
Hanna Dyląg ◽  
Jadwiga Ambroszkiewicz ◽  
Agnieszka Riahi ◽  
Halina Weker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Stress Index ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Free Radical Damage ◽  
Prepubertal Children

Aims. Obesity is accompanied by the formation of oxygen free radicals, whose intensified activity without effective defense mechanisms can lead to oxidative stress and related complications. We evaluated the presence of oxidative stress in obese prepubertal children. Methods. The study included 83 healthy children aged 2–10 years (62 with obesity and 21 nonobese controls). Total oxidant capacity (TOC), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL), lipid parameters, glucose, and C-reactive protein (CRP) were measured in serum. Oxidative stress index (OSI) was calculated. Results. Serum TOC concentration was significantly higher (p<0.05) and TAC concentration was lower (p<0.05) in obese children. OSI was higher (p<0.01) in obese subjects compared with controls. CRP levels were normal in all children, but median CRP value was higher (p<0.01) and HDL cholesterol levels were lower (p<0.05) in the obese group. We found a significant negative correlation between TAC and ox-LDL concentrations (r=−0.27, p<0.05) in obese children. Furthermore, obesity duration was positively correlated with TOC level (r=0.32, p<0.05) in this group. Conclusions. Obesity-related oxidative stress already occurs in prepubescence. Early obesity diagnosis and the necessary therapeutic activity implementation is a vital strategy for the prophylaxis of free radical damage and related multiorgan complications.

scholarly journals Association between WHO cut-offs for childhood overweight and obesity and cardiometabolic risk

2012 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 625-630 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mercedes de Onis ◽  
Cecilia Martínez-Costa ◽  
Francisco Núñez ◽  
Georges Nguefack-Tsague ◽  
Angeles Montal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Overweight Children ◽  
Childhood Overweight And Obesity ◽  
High Insulin ◽  
Mean Differences

AbstractObjectiveTo examine the association between cardiovascular risk and childhood overweight and obesity using the BMI cut-offs recommended by the WHO.DesignChildren were classified as normal weight, overweight and obese according to the WHO BMI-for-age reference. Blood pressure, lipids, glucose, insulin, homeostasis model assessment–insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and uric acid levels were compared across BMI groups. ANOVA and tests of linearity were used to assess overall mean differences across groups. Crude and adjusted odds ratios were calculated for adverse plasma levels of biochemical variables.SettingPaediatric care centres.SubjectsChildren (n 149) aged 8–18 years.ResultsAbout 37 %, 22 % and 41 % of children were classified respectively as normal weight, overweight and obese. There were significant linear mean differences between BMI groups in systolic blood pressure, HDL-cholesterol, TAG, insulin, HOMA-IR and uric acid. Obese children were 10·6 times more likely than normal-weight children to have hypertension; OR for other associations were 60·2 (high insulin), 39·5 (HOMA-IR), 27·9 (TAG), 16·0 (HDL-cholesterol), 4·3 (LDL-cholesterol) and 3·6 (uric acid). Overweight children were more likely than normal-weight children to have hypertension (OR = 3·5), high insulin (OR = 28·2), high HOMA-IR (OR = 23·3) and high TAG (OR = 16·1). Nearly 92 % and 57 % of the obese and overweight children, respectively, had one or more risk factor.ConclusionsObesity and overweight defined using the WHO BMI-for-age cut-offs identified children with higher metabolic and vascular risk. These results emphasize the importance of prevention of overweight and obesity in childhood to reduce cardiovascular risk.

scholarly journals 0879 Outcomes of Adenotonsillectomy in Children with Down Syndrome and Obstructive Sleep Apnea

SLEEP ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A335-A335
Author(s):  
A Morello Gearhart ◽  
B Gunaratnam ◽  
E Senthilvel
Keyword(s):  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Down Syndrome ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Onset ◽  
Sleep Efficiency ◽  
Apnea Hypopnea Index ◽  
P Value ◽  
Children With Down Syndrome ◽  
Arousal Index ◽  
Obstructive Sleep

Abstract Introduction Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is highly prevalent in children with Down Syndrome (DS). The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of adenotonsillectomy (T&A) on polysomnographic parameters of children with DS. Methods Retrospective chart review of children with DS who underwent T&A between 2012-2019 was performed. Preoperative OSA severity was categorized by obstructive apnea-hypopnea index (OAHI): mild = 1-4.9 events/h; moderate = 5-9.9 events/h; severe ≥ 10 events/h. Results We identified 43 DS children with pre and post T&A polysomnographic data in a population of 162 DS patients. A total of 25 were male, mean age 5.1 years (± 3.8 years) and 56% Caucasians. Preoperative data showed 19% mild OSA, 30% moderate and 51% severe. Postoperatively, apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) normalized in 9.3%, 37.2% had mild OSA, 18.6% moderate and 34.9% severe. Overall, T&A resulted in significant improvement (p-value &lt;0.05) in mean AHI, (18.51 ± 28.05 vs 11.72 ± 16.43), SaO2 nadir (80.00 ± 14.82 vs 85.51 ± 5.94), sleep efficiency (81.97 ± 11.15 vs 85.9 ± 8.28), arousal index (16.14 ± 10.23 vs 14.45 ± 12.34), and wake after sleep onset (67.19 ± 46.89 vs 50.55 ± 40.83) and no statistical difference (p-value &gt;0.05) in end-tidal carbon dioxide (43.86 ± 9.56 vs 44.17 ± 3.78), Rapid Eye Movement (REM)% (15.86 ± 7.75 vs 15.92 ± 7.41), sleep latency (24.03 ± 34.39 vs 22.55 ± 21.11), and central apnea index (0.86 ± 1.38 vs 0.66 ± 0.82) in pre and post T&A data. There was no statistically significant difference in pre and post T&A polysomnographic parameters between 17 DS and 17 age and gender-matched non-DS control subjects. Conclusion Adenotonsillectomy resulted in improvement in AHI, oxygen desaturation nadir, sleep efficiency, arousal index and wake after sleep onset. However, a significant portion of children with DS continued to have moderate to severe OSA after T&A. Support None.

scholarly journals Can Monocyte To HDL Ratio Be A New Marker For Severity Of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome?

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Yousef AM ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome ◽  
Excessive Daytime Sleepiness ◽  
Sleep Apnea Syndrome ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Apnea Hypopnea Index ◽  
Cholesterol Ratio ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Apnea Syndrome

This study aimed to investigate the relation of serum monocyte to serum HDL cholesterol ratio (MHR) with Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome (OSAS). A total of 62 patients with an Apnea Hypopnea Index (AHI > 5) and excessive daytime sleepiness were included in this study as OSAS group. The individuals with (AHI<5/h) were included in the study as controls.

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