Late pregnancy – a clue to prolonging life?

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiago Ferraz ◽  
Alexandra Matias
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
New England ◽  
Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Family Study ◽  
Late Pregnancy ◽  
Human Studies ◽  
Biological Plausibility ◽  
Cellular Mechanisms ◽  
Long Life

AbstractThe relation between fertility and longevity has always been a subject of study and controversy. Indeed, life expectancy extension is found to be tied to late births. This conclusion can be drawn from social-observational studies like the Long Life Family Study in New England and the New England Centenarian Study on which was found that women whose last birth was after 40 years of age are more likely to live longer. Recently, a group in Israel published a review on animal and human studies that shed some understanding on the cellular mechanisms behind the association between pregnancy and tissue regeneration and repair. These studies shed some understanding to draw biological plausibility on the association between late pregnancy and life expectancy.

scholarly journals REDUCED COGNITIVE DECLINE WITH THE APOE ε2/ε2 GENOTYPE IN THE LONG LIFE FAMILY STUDY AND NEW ENGLAND CENTENARIAN STUDY

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S621-S621
Author(s):  
Benjamin Sweigart ◽  
Benjamin Sweigart ◽  
Stacy L Andersen ◽  
Stephanie Cosentino ◽  
Nicole Schupf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protective Effect ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
New England ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Family Study ◽  
Reference Group ◽  
Cognitive Status ◽  
P Value ◽  
Long Life ◽  
Rate Of Decline

Abstract A growing body of evidence has suggested a protective effect on cognition of the ε2 allele of APOE. To determine if APOE ε2 is associated with protection against cognitive decline, we analyzed repeated measures of the Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status (TICS) from 2,933 Long Life Family Study subjects and 679 New England Centenarian Study subjects using a multivariable linear mixed effects model. The median age at first TICS administration was 73 (interquartile range [IQR] 64, 83). Subjects had a median of 3 TICS assessments (IQR 2, 4) and a median follow-up time of 5.0 years (IQR 2.9, 7.0). Carriers of the ε2/ε2 genotype had a significantly slower rate of decline in TICS score compared to the ε3/ε3 reference group (-0.05 points per annum for ε2/ε2 carriers compared with -0.15 points for ε3/ε3 carriers, p-value for difference 0.017). These results support a protective effect of the ε2 allele.

scholarly journals Mitochondrial microRNAs: A Putative Role in Tissue Regeneration

Biology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 486
Author(s):  
Sílvia C. Rodrigues ◽  
Renato M. S. Cardoso ◽  
Filipe V. Duarte
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Protein Complexes ◽  
Mitochondrial Protein ◽  
Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Atp Synthesis ◽  
Mitochondrial Proteins ◽  
Cellular Mechanisms ◽  
Small Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Mitochondrial Ribosome

The most famous role of mitochondria is to generate ATP through oxidative phosphorylation, a metabolic pathway that involves a chain of four protein complexes (the electron transport chain, ETC) that generates a proton-motive force that in turn drives the ATP synthesis by the Complex V (ATP synthase). An impressive number of more than 1000 mitochondrial proteins have been discovered. Since mitochondrial proteins have a dual genetic origin, it is predicted that ~99% of these proteins are nuclear-encoded and are synthesized in the cytoplasmatic compartment, being further imported through mitochondrial membrane transporters. The lasting 1% of mitochondrial proteins are encoded by the mitochondrial genome and synthesized by the mitochondrial ribosome (mitoribosome). As a result, an appropriate regulation of mitochondrial protein synthesis is absolutely required to achieve and maintain normal mitochondrial function. Regarding miRNAs in mitochondria, it is well-recognized nowadays that several cellular mechanisms involving mitochondria are regulated by many genetic players that originate from either nuclear- or mitochondrial-encoded small noncoding RNAs (sncRNAs). Growing evidence collected from whole genome and transcriptome sequencing highlight the role of distinct members of this class, from short interfering RNAs (siRNAs) to miRNAs and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs). Some of the mechanisms that have been shown to be modulated are the expression of mitochondrial proteins itself, as well as the more complex coordination of mitochondrial structure and dynamics with its function. We devote particular attention to the role of mitochondrial miRNAs and to their role in the modulation of several molecular processes that could ultimately contribute to tissue regeneration accomplishment.

scholarly journals INTEGRATIVE ANALYSIS OF LONGITUDINAL CHANGES OF NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL TESTS IN LONG LIFE FAMILY STUDY PARTICIPANTS

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. 404-405
Author(s):  
P Sebastiani ◽  
S L Andersen ◽  
B Sweigart ◽  
S Cosentino ◽  
B Thyragajan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neuropsychological Tests ◽  
Family Study ◽  
Integrative Analysis ◽  
Longitudinal Changes ◽  
Long Life ◽  
Study Participants

Association of fatigue, inflammation, and physical activity on gait speed: the Long Life Family Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharon W. Renner ◽  
Yujia Qiao ◽  
Theresa Gmelin ◽  
Adam J. Santanasto ◽  
Robert M. Boudreau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Gait Speed ◽  
Family Study ◽  
Long Life

scholarly journals Extended maternal age at birth of last child and women’s longevity in the Long Life Family Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fangui Sun ◽  
Paola Sebastiani ◽  
Nicole Schupf ◽  
Harold Bae ◽  
Stacy L. Andersen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Age ◽  
Family Study ◽  
Long Life ◽  
Age At Birth

The Long Life Family Study (LLFS)

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Mary K. Wojczynski ◽  
Michael A. Province
Keyword(s):  
Family Study ◽  
Long Life

scholarly journals Genetics of Human Longevity From Incomplete Data: New Findings From the Long Life Family Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 73 (11) ◽  
pp. 1472-1481 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anatoliy I Yashin ◽  
Konstantin G Arbeev ◽  
Deqing Wu ◽  
Liubov S Arbeeva ◽  
Olivia Bagley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Incomplete Data ◽  
Family Study ◽  
Human Longevity ◽  
New Findings ◽  
Long Life

Latino Post-Millennials Create America’s Future

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
David E. Hayes-Bautista
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Presidential Campaign ◽  
First Century ◽  
Large Majority ◽  
Positive Health ◽  
Long Life ◽  
Market Areas ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Positive Health Outcomes

The 2016 Republican presidential campaign has been based on an overtly anti–Mexican immigrant nativist message, another round in the universalistic versus nativist conflict over the definition of American. Nationally, Latinos exhibit the strong work ethic, avoidance of welfare, positive health outcomes, and long life expectancy of Latinos in California. In the post-millennial generation in the top eleven Latino market areas, Latino presence ranges from being a large majority to being the largest plurality. Latino post-millennials will be instrumental in creating the twenty-first-century definition of American.

Obtaining Robust Causal Evidence from Observational Studies: Can Genetic Epidemiology Help?

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
George Davey Smith
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
New England ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Hormone Replacement ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Health Study ◽  
High Profile ◽  
Chd Risk

Observational epidemiological studies have clearly made important contributions to understanding the determinants of population health. However, there have been high-profile problems with this approach, highlighted by apparently contradictory findings emerging from observational studies and from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of the same issue. These situations, of which the best known probably relates to the use of hormone-replacement therapy (HRT) in coronary heart disease (CHD) prevention, have been discussed elsewhere (Davey Smith & Ebrahim, 2002) . The HRT controversy is covered elsewhere in this volume (see Chapter 5). Here, I will discuss two examples. First, consider the use of vitamin E supplements and CHD risk. Several observational studies have suggested that the use of vitamin E supplements is associated with a reduced risk of CHD, two of the most influential being the Health Professionals Follow-Up Study (Rimm et al., 1993) and the Nurses’ Health Study (Stampfer et al., 1993), both published in the New England Journal of Medicine in 1993. Findings from one of these studies are presented in Figure 9.1, where it can be seen that even short-term use of vitamin E supplements was associated with reduced CHD risk, which persisted after adjustment for confounding factors. demonstrates that nearly half of U.S. adults are taking either vitamin E supplements or multivitamin/multimineral supplements that generally contain vitamin E (Radimer et al., 2004). presents data from three available time points, where there appears to have been a particular increase in vitamin E use following 1993 (Millen, Dodd, & Subar, 2004), possibly consequent upon the publication of the two observational studies already mentioned, which have received nearly 3,000 citations between them since publication. The apparently strong observational evidence with respect to vitamin E and reduced CHD risk, which may have influenced the very high current use of vitamin E supplements in developed countries, was unfortunately not realized in RCTs, in which no benefit from vitamin E supplementation use is seen.

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