Chinese Universities and the Market for Ideas

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ning Wang
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
College Enrollment ◽  
University Presidents ◽  
Graduate Training ◽  
Chinese Higher Education ◽  
Chinese Universities ◽  
The World ◽  
Post Graduate Training ◽  
Training Research ◽  
Bright Side

AbstractThis paper examines China’s ongoing revolution in higher education. On the bright side, Chinese higher education has enjoyed four decades of remarkable expansion, as measured by college enrollment, post-graduate training, research capacities and various global rankings. In 2007, China’s higher education has become the largest in the world in terms of student enrollment. Yet, after decades of economic liberalization and marketization, Chinese higher education is one of the few areas that remain monopolized by the state. Despite extraordinary progresses Chinese universities have recently made, they have been repeatedly criticized by many insiders (university presidents, college deans, professors, as well as students and their parents) for the lack of academic freedom. It remains to be seen whether China’s universities can transform themselves from an institution of higher education to a home of liberal learning and innovation.

ICT in Chinese Higher Education

2021 ◽  
pp. 1614-1627
Author(s):  
Xiaobin Li
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Chinese Higher Education ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Higher Education System ◽  
Network Information ◽  
Internet Users ◽  
The World ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Education In China

A recent report from China Internet Network Information Center indicates that by the end of June 2015, 668 million Chinese have used the internet, which places China as the country with the most internet users in the world. As more Chinese get online, the internet has been integrated into providing education in China, where the age group using the internet the most often is between the ages of 20 and 29. Many of these youth are higher education students. With 34.6 million students the Chinese higher education system is the largest in the world, in which a significant proportion of the students' learning has been impacted by information and communication technology (ICT). The purpose of this article is to provide an overview of how the development of ICT in China has influenced higher education, what opportunities ICT offers for higher education, and what challenges Chinese face in further developing higher education with ICT.

ICTs in Chinese Distance Higher Education

2010 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaobin Li
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Chinese Higher Education ◽  
Information Communication Technologies ◽  
Information Communication ◽  
Higher Education System ◽  
The World ◽  
Higher Education In China ◽  
Education In China

The Chinese higher education system is the largest in the world, but distance education, using information communication technologies (ICTs), started later than in developed countries. In this paper, the author examines the benefits of education to human development and provides an overview of the recent development of distance higher education in China. The potential for further developing distance higher education with ICTs is considered. In addition, challenges are discussed and recommendations are made to improve Chinese distance higher education.

scholarly journals The massification process in chinese higher education

2015 ◽  
pp. 134-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danilo de Melo Costa ◽  
Qiang Zha
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Educational Level ◽  
Government Intervention ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Chinese Higher Education ◽  
Mass System ◽  
University System ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
The World ◽  
The Government

This paper demonstrates the massification process in higher education using as reference China, which reached in a few years the largest university system in the world. To do this, we present in the theoretical reference the Government intervention and its economic responsibilities, the main challenges of global higher education and the effects of globalization on this level of education. As regards the methodology, this study is designed on the principles of explanatory research, with qualitative approach. Data were collected through documentary and bibliographic research, and subsequently analyzed and interpreted to record the findings that were correlated with other data collected. This research shows at its end how was the expansion of Chinese higher education, which was a elite system and became a mass system, becoming a reference for other nations that also seek to expand this educational level.

scholarly journals Measurement and Analysis of learning Engagement of South-Asian Students in Chinese Universities 南亚国家来华留学生个体学习性投入的测量与分析

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (S(1)) ◽  
pp. 63-72
Author(s):  
Lan Yu ◽  
Shucheng Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Learning Strategies ◽  
South Asian ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Chinese Higher Education ◽  
Asian Students ◽  
Learning Engagement ◽  
Chinese Universities ◽  
Four Dimensions

International students’ learning experiences and learning outcomes in intercultural contexts are important topics in higher education internationalization. This study focused on South-Asian students studying at Chinese universities. To assess the participants’ academic engagement during their study at Chinese universities, the Individual South-Asian Student Engagement Questionnaire was developed. Through the use of exploratory factor analysis and correlation analysis on a sample of 193 South-Asian students in China, the research confirmed the reliability and validity of the instrument. Four dimensions, i.e. learning motivation, learning behaviors, learning strategies and learning outcomes, as well as the interactions between the four dimensions, were suggested to understand the features of South-Asian students’ learning engagement during their studies in Chinese higher education institutions. 国际学生在跨文化情境下的学习体验与收获是高等教育国际化研究领域的重要议题。本研究选取具有区域性、国别化特征的南亚国家来华留学生为研究对象，通过实施来华留学生个体学习性投入调查收集数据，采用统计学分析检验该测量工具的信效度，同时呈现南亚留学生在学习动机、学习行为、学习策略和学业成就四个维度的关键性表征及其互动关系。

scholarly journals Chinese Higher Education: The role of the economy and Projects 211/985 for system expansion

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (109) ◽  
pp. 885-908
Author(s):  
Danilo de Melo Costa ◽  
Qiang Zha
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Economic Growth ◽  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Student Leadership ◽  
Chinese Higher Education ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
System Expansion ◽  
The World

Abstract China has experienced a significant economic growth in recent years. In addition, the country has also built the largest system of Higher Education in the world. However, was the economy that stimulated the advancement of Higher Education? Or was Higher Education that stimulated the advancement of the economy? To answer these questions, this research aimed to understand the role of economy and Projects 211 and 985 for the expansion of Chinese Higher Education. For that, an exploratory and qualitative research was developed, based on interviews with Chinese government managers and questionnaires applied to professors/specialists and to a student leadership. The results showed that investments in Higher Education were preponderant for the country’s economic growth, which was representative from a quantitative perspective. However, also aiming at qualitative growth, projects 211 and 985 were created, allocating a significant amount of resources to the selected institutions. Such positioning makes China an example of benchmarking for other countries that wish to progress economically and intellectually.

University Foundations and Philanthropic Fundraising in Chinese Higher Education: a Promising Trend with Challenges

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-67
Author(s):  
Hongmei Sziegat ◽  
Chengwen Hong
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Global Perspective ◽  
Chinese Higher Education ◽  
Chinese Universities ◽  
Promising Trend ◽  
Fundraising Strategies ◽  
Relevant Reference ◽  
General Guidance

Abstract This study overviews policies and practice of philanthropic fundraising in Chinese universities with a focus on university foundations. It briefly reviews the theoretical dimensions of philanthropic fundraising in higher education from a global perspective and university philanthropic fundraising models as well as their applications in Chinese universities. It shows the important role of university foundations in generating philanthropic revenue in Chinese universities. By identifying challenges and the general trends, it explores strategies for sustainable philanthropic fundraising for Chinese universities, which may provide stakeholders with a helpful and relevant reference to promote philanthropic fundraising of Chinese universities. It also gives a general guidance of philanthropic fundraising strategies for Chinese universities.

scholarly journals Scientific / Educational communication and leadership ARWU versus MosIUR

2021 ◽  
pp. 557-566
Author(s):  
Riyaz Gataullovoch Minzaripov ◽  
Anastasia Viktorovna Fakhrutdinova ◽  
Nataliia Nikolaevna Abakumova ◽  
Sisi Xu ◽  
Irina Vasilyevna Terentyev
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Educational Communication ◽  
Chinese Universities ◽  
University Teachers ◽  
The World ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Important State ◽  
Selection Of

The problem of promoting universities in international rankings, the ratio of the number of universities in China and the Russian Federation, as well as the selection of mechanisms for the successful promotion of universities in the Academic Ranking of World Universities (ARWU) and the Moscow international rating “Three University Missions” (MosIUR) are in the focus of research. The hypothesis is that the development of an international rating is a state task that meets the current conditions of globalization in the world. The results of ARWU and MosIUR universities in Russia and China for 2017 - 2019 are presented, a comparative analysis of the total number of Russian and Chinese universities, the dynamics of their progress in rankings is made. The results of a survey of university teachers about their level of awareness on ARWU and MosIUR are discussed. The conclusions about the orientation of universities in Russia and China towards the internationalization of the national system of higher education are drawn. The participation of Russian and Chinese universities in ARWU and MosIUR is an important state task in context of the world competitiveness of universities.

scholarly journals From massification towards post-massification: Policy and governance of higher education in China

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 221258682110460
Author(s):  
Bowen Xu
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Chinese Higher Education ◽  
Higher Education System ◽  
Higher Education Expansion ◽  
Education Expansion ◽  
State Education ◽  
The World ◽  
Future Challenges ◽  
Higher Education In China ◽  
Education In China

Chinese higher education institutions have experienced an unprecedented expansion and major reforms since the late 1990s. The revolutionary growth has not only established the largest higher education system in the world but has also transformed an elite system to a post-massified one over the last two decades. The expansion policy was largely an economically justified proposal that has emerged under certain conditions. However, reform has been criticised for not delivering the promised outcomes. The article examines the historical development of higher education expansion in China, investigating its rationales, practices and the extent to which the policy has become a paradox during massification. As China moves into the post-massification stage, the article forecasts emerging policy trends and highlights future challenges. It considers restructuring state-education relationship through mechanisms of funding, provision and regulation as options for governing the ever growing and massifying system more sustainably in the upcoming era.

scholarly journals Discursive Marketisation Through Positive Evaluation: A Diachronic Analysis of About Us Texts of Top-Tier Chinese Universities Over the Past Two Decades

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lihua Xu ◽  
Chaoqun Xie ◽  
Jun Lei
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Chinese Higher Education ◽  
Linguistic Features ◽  
Chinese Universities ◽  
Higher Education System ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
The Past ◽  
Select Group ◽  
Promotional Strategies

This study explored the marketisation process of top-tier Chinese universities by scrutinising their self-promotional strategies over the past two decades. Drawing on Martin and White’s (2005) Appraisal framework, we identified all attitudinal markers in the About Us texts posted by 35 top-tier Chinese universities on their official websites at two time-points: the turn of the century and the year of 2021. The 35 universities were drawn from China’s “Double First Class” Initiative that prioritises the development of a select group of elite universities in China. Close textual analyses focussing on the attitudinal markers with reference to their contexts were conducted to identify the themes evaluated in the About Us texts; Wilcoxon signed-rank tests were run to quantitatively compare the relative frequencies of the attitudinal markers between the two phases, which was then supplemented by diachronic qualitative comparisons on the fine-grained linguistic features surrounding the markers. The study identified seven major themes positively appraised by the universities at both time-points. It also revealed diachronic differences in the use of attitudinal markers, reflecting a mediated change of promotional strategies over the past 20 years or so in the Chinese higher education context. These findings point to the influence of market, government, and tradition on Chinese top-tier universities’ promoting strategies and the role of social cognition in shaping student choice. They also suggest the emergence of a higher education system with Chinese characteristics that features a reconciliation of market and government forces.

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